Klinaklini River

The Klinaklini River /ˌkliːnəˈkliːni/ (Kwak'wala name Tsawatti or Tswawadwi, also used to mean the whole of Knight Inlet[6]) is one of the major rivers of the Pacific Ranges section of the Coast Mountains in the Canadian province of British Columbia. It originates in the Pantheon Range and empties into the head of Knight Inlet.

Klinaklini River
EtymologyKwak'wala word for eulachon grease[1]
Native nameTsawatti
Location
CountryCanada
ProvinceBritish Columbia
Physical characteristics
SourceUnnamed lake
 • locationCoast Mountains
 • coordinates51°45′3″N 125°5′51″W[2]
 • elevation2,130 m (6,990 ft)[3]
MouthPacific Ocean
 • location
Knight Inlet, Coast Mountains
 • coordinates
51°5′32″N 125°37′34″W[4]
 • elevation
0 m (0 ft)
Basin size5,780 km2 (2,230 sq mi)[5]
Discharge 
 • locationmouth[5]
 • average299 m3/s (10,600 cu ft/s)[5]
 • minimum38 m3/s (1,300 cu ft/s)
 • maximum3,260 m3/s (115,000 cu ft/s)

A different spelling of Klinaklini is Kleena Kleene, which is the name of a recreational community on the river just below its exit from the Pantheon Range onto the Chilcotin Plateau. In the area of Kleena Kleene the Klinaklini, Homathko and Chilanko River basins share the same stretch of plateau.

The names Kleena Kleene and Klinaklini derive from the Kwak'wala word for eulachon grease, which is made from the eulachon, a small oily fish that ascend coastal rivers.[1]

There is a First Nation village of the Tanakteuk subdivision of the Kwakwaka'wakw peoples at the mouth of the river, Tsawatti. Located on the Indian Reserve of the same name, it is the primary eulachon fishing and preservation site of the Kwakwaka'wakw peoples and as such is open for use by other subdivisions of the Kwakwaka'wakw.[7][8]

Course

The Klinaklini River originates in small, unnamed lakes on the eastern slopes of Hellraving Peak,[9][10] in the northern Pantheon Range, north of Mount Vishnu and Mount Waddington, and south of Perkins Peak.[11]

From its source the Klinaklini River flows northeast to the Chilcotin Plateau, where it turns suddenly northwest. Its path is followed by British Columbia Highway 20. The river flows by the community of Kleena Kleene before entering One Eye Lake.[12] Below the lake the Klinaklini turns west, while Highway 20 continues north along McClinchy Creek, a tributary of the Klinaklini. The river flows generally south and west through the Pantheon Range, collecting numerous tributary streams. Below Colwell Creek the river briefly widens into Klinaklini Lake.[13]

As the Klinaklini turns more directly south it is joined from the northwest by the North Klinaklini River, which is formed by the meltwaters of many glaciers. It flows by heavily glaciated mountains with names like Monarch Mountain, The Queen, The Pretender, The Throne, The Serf, and Concubine Peaks. Knot Lakes, tributary to the North Klinaklini River, extend north into Tweedsmuir South Provincial Park.[2]

After its confluence with the North Klinaklini River the main Klinaklini flows south along the western side of the Pantheon and Waddington Ranges. Along the way it is contained in Klinaklini Canyon. Below Klinaklini Canyon the river is joined by the brief but voluminous West Klinaklini River (7 km only) joins the Klinaklini. The West Klinaklini is the meltwater from Klinaklini Glacier, the main tongue of the vast Ha-Iltzuk Icefield (Silverthrone Glacier), which lies west of the Klinaklini. Tumult Creek, a tributary of the West Klinaklini River, flows from Tumult Glacier.[2]

Below the West Klinaklini confluence the Klinaklini River flows south through a relatively wide valley to its mouth at the head of Knight Inlet, just west of the mouth of the Franklin River.[2]

Tributaries

This is an incomplete list of tributaries listed in upstream order.

  • Devereux Creek
  • Dice Creek
  • West Klinaklini River
    • Tumult Creek
  • Hoodoo Creek
  • Dorothy Creek
  • Frontier Creek
  • North Klinaklini River
    • Knot Creek
      • Knot Lakes
  • Jobin Creek
  • Colwell Creek
  • Bussel Creek
  • Ba'tiste Dester Creek
  • Big Stick Creek
    • Big Stick Lake
  • McClinchy Creek
  • Chromiun Creek

See also

References
  1. Akrigg, G. P. V.; Akrigg, Helen B. (1997). British Columbia Place Names. UBC Press. p. 141. ISBN 978-0-7748-0637-4. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
  2. "Canadian 1:50K topographic maps" (map). TopoQuest.com. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
  3. Elevation derived from ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model, using GeoLocator, and source coordinates.
  4. "Klinaklini River". BC Geographical Names.
  5. "Historical Hydrometric Data Search". Water Survey of Canada. Archived from the original on 16 December 2016. Retrieved 23 November 2016. Search for Station 08GE002 Klinaklini River East Channel (main) near the mouth
  6. "Tsawatti". BC Geographical Names.
  7. "Tsawatti (First Nation Village)
  8. "Tsawatti 1 (Indian Reserve)"
  9. Source of Klinaklini River, ACME Mapper
  10. Source of Klinaklini River, Google Maps
  11. "Perkins Peak". BC Geographical Names.
  12. "One Eye Lake". BC Geographical Names.
  13. "Klinaklini Lake". BC Geographical Names.
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