Komane, Iraq

Komane[nb 1] (Arabic: كـومـاني‎,[5] Kurdish: كوانێ‎,[6] Syriac: ܟܘܡܢܐ‎)[1] is a village in Dohuk Governorate in Kurdistan Region, Iraq. It is located in the Sapna valley in the district of Amadiya.

Komane
Komane
Location in Iraq
Coordinates: 37.084°N 43.524°E / 37.084; 43.524
Country Iraq
Region Kurdistan Region
GovernorateDohuk Governorate
DistrictAmadiya District
Population
 (1957)
 • Total550[1]

In the village, there are churches of Mart Maryam,[7] and Mart Shmune.[2] The ruins of the 4th-century monastery of Mart Maryam, and 8th-century monastery of Mar Quryaqos are located near the village.[3]

History

A Nestorian community at Komane is attested in the 10th-century Life of Rabban Joseph Busnaya.[8] Abdisho, Archbishop of Koma, likely Komane, is attested in a letter from Patriarch Shimun IX Dinkha to Pope Gregory XIII in 1580.[9] In 1850, 13 Nestorian families inhabited Komane, and had one functioning church.[10] The village was part of the Nestorian diocese of Berwari.[10] By 1913, Komane had also become part of the Chaldean Catholic Eparchy of Amadiya,[11] in which year the village was populated by 60 Chaldean Catholics.[12] Komane had a population of 19 people, with four families, in 1938.[3] The Iraqi census recorded 550 people inhabited Komane in 1957.[1] In 1961, the village had 150 families, but was destroyed by Kurds during the First Iraqi–Kurdish War in 1965.[13]

The Iraqi government constructed 100 houses, and forcibly resettled 20 Assyrian families and 80 Kurdish families to the village in 1977.[13] The Assyrian families were relocated from the village of Wela in the Nerwa area, and were adherents of the Church of the East, and thus a Nestorian church of Mart Maryam was constructed in 1978.[3] In 1996, it was reported that Kurds had illegally confiscated Assyrian villagers' land.[4] By 2011, the Supreme Committee of Christian Affairs had constructed 36 houses, restored 27 houses, and built the church of Mart Shmune.[1][2] Displaced Assyrian families found refuge at Komane, and received humanitarian aid from the Assyrian Aid Society in 2014.[14] On 12 June 2019, the village was struck by Turkish airstrikes.[15]

References

Notes

  1. Alternatively transliterated as Komana,[2] Kowane,[3] or Kwane.[4]

Citations

  1. "Komane". Ishtar TV. 16 November 1996. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
  2. "Mart Shmune church – Komana". Ishtar TV. 28 October 2011. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
  3. Donabed (2015), p. 324.
  4. "Kurdish Confiscation of Assyrian Lands in North Iraq". Assyrian International News Agency. 24 October 2011. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
  5. "كـومـاني". Ishtar TV (in Arabic). Retrieved 29 April 2020.
  6. "پتر ژ 5 دونه‌مێن دارستانێ و 100 دارێن باهیڤان ل گوندێ كوانێ دهێنه‌ سوتن". Evronews (in Kurdish). 20 September 2015. Retrieved 23 December 2020.
  7. Wilmshurst (2000), p. 462.
  8. Wilmshurst (2000), p. 133.
  9. Wilmshurst (2000), p. 128.
  10. Wilmshurst (2000), p. 150.
  11. Wilmshurst (2000), p. 135.
  12. Wilmshurst (2000), p. 131.
  13. Eshoo (2004), p. 10.
  14. Patto, Christina K.; Eskrya, Eramia S. (2014). "Assyrian Aid Society of Iraq: Annual Report 2014" (PDF). Assyrian Aid Society. Retrieved 29 April 2020.
  15. "Russia and Turkey, 'total' cease fire at Idlib. Turkish planes bomb Kurdistan". AsiaNews. 13 June 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2020.

Bibliography
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