List of amphibians and reptiles of Martinique

The island of Martinique is an overseas department of France located in the Caribbean Lesser Antilles.

Location of Martinique in the Caribbean

Amphibians

There are five species of amphibian on Martinique, three of which were introduced. One species, the Martinique volcano frog (Colostethus chalcopis), is endemic to Martinique.

Frogs (Anura)

Poison dart frogs (Dendrobatidae)
SpeciesCommon name(s)NotesImage
Colostethus chalcopisMartinique volcano frogVulnerable.[1] Endemic.
Tree frogs (Hylidae)
SpeciesCommon name(s)NotesImage
Scinax ruber[2]Red-snouted tree frogLeast concern. Introduced; first recorded on Martinique in 1997.
Tropical frogs (Leptodactylidae)
SpeciesCommon name(s)NotesImage
Eleutherodactylus johnstoneiLesser Antillean whistling frog, coqui antillano, Johnstone's whistling frogLeast concern. Introduced.
Eleutherodactylus martinicensisTink frog, Martinique robber frogNear threatened. Regional endemic.
True toads (Bufonidae)
SpeciesCommon name(s)NotesImage
Bufo marinusCane toad, giant Neotropical toad, marine toadLeast concern. Introduced.


Reptiles

Including marine turtles and introduced species, there are 19 reptile species reported on Martinique, five of which are endemic.

Crocodilians (Crocodylia)

True crocodiles (Crocodylidae)
SpeciesCommon name(s)NotesImage
Crocodylus acutus[3]American crocodileVulnerable

Turtles (Testudines)

Box turtles and pond turtles (Emydidae)
SpeciesCommon name(s)NotesImage
Trachemys scripta[4]Pond sliderNear threatened. Introduced.
Scaly sea turtles (Cheloniidae)
SpeciesCommon name(s)NotesImage
Caretta carettaLoggerhead turtleEndangered.
Chelonia mydasGreen turtleEndangered.
Eretmochelys imbricataHawksbill turtleCritically endangered.
Leathery sea turtles (Dermochelyidae)
SpeciesCommon name(s)NotesImage
Dermochelys coriaceaLeatherback turtleCritically endangered.

Lizards and snakes (Squamata)

Geckos (Gekkonidae)
SpeciesCommon name(s)NotesImage
Gecko gecko[5]Tokay geckoIntroduced.
Hemidactylus mabouiaHouse geckoIntroduced.
Sphaerodactylus vincentiVincent's least geckoRegional endemic.
Thecadactylus rapicaudaTurnip-tailed gecko
Iguanas and Anolids (Iguanidae)
SpeciesCommon name(s)NotesImage
Anolis roquetMartinique's anole, savannah anoleEndemic.
Iguana delicatissimaLesser Antillean iguana, West Indian iguanaVulnerable. Regional endemic.
Iguana iguana[6]Green iguana, common iguanaRecently introduced.
Microteiids (Gymnophthalmidae)
SpeciesCommon name(s)NotesImage
Gymnophthalmus pleiiMartinique spectacled teguRegional endemic.
Gymnophthalmus underwoodi[7]Underwood's spectacled tegu
Skinks (Scincidae)
SpeciesCommon name(s)NotesImage
Mabuya mabouya[8]Regional endemic. Possibly extirpated.
Worm snakes (Typhlopidae)
SpeciesCommon name(s)NotesImage
Leptotyphlops bilineataTwo-lined blind snakeEndemic. Possibly widespread. Populations on Barbados and St. Lucia were described as separate species in 2008, leaving L. bilineata only on Martinique.[9]
Colubrids (Colubridae)
SpeciesCommon name(s)NotesImage
Liophis cursor[10]Lacépède's ground snakeEndangered. Endemic. Extirpated from the main island; now remaining only on Diamond Rock.
Vipers (Viperidae)
SpeciesCommon name(s)NotesImage
Bothrops lanceolatusFer-de-lance, Martinican pit viper, Martinique lanceheadEndemic. Widespread, though uncommon and confined to wetter regions.

Notes

  1. Conservation status, where available, is from the IUCN Red List and is indicative of the status of the species as a whole, not just populations on Martinique.
  2. Lorvelec et al. 2007, p. 137. Not recorded on Martinique in Malhotra & Thorpe 1999.
  3. https://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/FactSheet.aspx?SpeciesID=223
  4. Lorvelec et al. 2007, p. 137. Not recorded on Martinique in Malhotra & Thorpe 1999, which lists it as introduced to the Lesser Antilles only on the main islands of Guadeloupe.
  5. Lorvelec et al. 2007, p. 137. Not recorded on Martinique (or anywhere in the Lesser Antilles) in Malhotra & Thorpe 1999.
  6. Lorvelec et al. 2007, p. 137. Not recorded on Martinique in Malhotra & Thorpe 1999.
  7. Lorvelec et al. 2007, p. 137. Not recorded on Martinique in Malhotra & Thorpe 1999.
  8. Lorvelec et al. 2007, p. 136. Malhotra & Thorpe 1999 instead records M. bistriata as the sole Mabuya species in the Lesser Antilles; many of its Caribbean populations have since been reassigned.
  9. Hedges 2008; see Leptotyphlops breuili and Leptotyphlops carlae.
  10. Powell & Henderson 2005, p. 73. Recorded as extinct in Malhotra & Thorpe 1999.

References

Note: All species listed above are supported by Malhotra & Thorpe 1999, unless otherwise cited.

  • Hedges, S. Blair (2008), "At the lower size limit in snakes: two new species of threadsnakes (Squamata: Leptotyphlopidae: Leptotyphlops) from the Lesser Antilles" (PDF), Zootaxa, 1841: 1–30, retrieved March 5, 2010
  • Malhotra, Anita; Thorpe, Roger S. (1999), Reptiles & Amphibians of the Eastern Caribbean, Macmillan Education Ltd., pp. 88–92, ISBN 0-333-69141-5.
  • Lorvelec, Olivier; Pascal, Michel; Pavis, Claudie; Feldmann, Philippe (2007), "Amphibians and reptiles of the French West Indies: Inventory, threats and conservation", Applied Herpetology, 4: 131–161, doi:10.1163/157075407780681356.
  • Powell, Robert; Henderson, Robert W. (2005), "Conservation Status of Lesser Antillean Reptiles", Iguana, 12 (2): 63–77
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