List of animals of Long Island Sound
Long Island Sound is a large marine estuary in the Northeastern United States. It forms the border between New York's Long Island and Connecticut. It is diverse and serves as a breeding ground. Many species live there.
Sponges (Porifera)
- Clathria prolifera = Red Beard Sponge
- Halichondria panicea = Breadcrumb Sponge
- Halichondria bowerbanki = Common Breadcrumb Sponge
- Haliclona loosanoffi = Erect Sponge
- Haliclona oculata = Dead Man's Fingers, Mermaid's Glove
- Isodictya palmata = Finger Sponge
- Polymastia robusta
Comb Jellies (Ctenophora)
- Pleurobrachia pileus = Sea Gooseberry
Jellyfish (Cnidaria: Medusozoa)
- Ctenophora = Comb Jelly
- Aurelia aurita = Moon Jelly
- Chrysaora quinquecirrha = Sea Nettle
- Cyanea capillata = Lion's Mane Jellyfish
- Physalia physalis = Portuguese Man of War
Corals (Cnidaria: Alcyonacea and Scleractinia)
- Alcyonium digitatum = Dead Man's Fingers Coral
- Astrangia poculata = Northern Star Coral
Sea Anemones (Cnidaria: Actiniaria)
- Ceriantheopsis americana = American Striped Burrowing Anemone (invasive species; native to the Pacific Ocean)
- Cerianthus borealis = Northern Burrowing Anemone
- Diadumene leucolena = Ghost Anemone
- Diadumene lineata = Orange-Striped Green Anemone
- Fagesia lineata = Lined Anemone
- Metridium senile = Frilled Anemone
- Urticina felina = Northern Red Anemone
Crustaceans (Arthropoda: Crustacea)
True Crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura)
- Callinectes sapidus = Atlantic Blue Crab
- Carcinus maenas = European Green Crab (invasive species)
- Ovalipes ocellatus = Lady Crab
- Cancer irroratus = Atlantic Rock Crab
- Cancer borealis = Jonah Crab
- Libinia emarginata = Common Spider Crab
- Libinia dubia = Longnose Spider Crab
- Pelia Mutica = Cryptic Teardrop Crab
- Sesarma reticulatum = Marsh Crab
- Hemigrapsus sanguineus = Asian Shore Crab (invasive species)
- Uca pugnax = Atlantic Marsh Fiddler Crab
- Uca pugilator = Atlantic Sand Fiddler Crab
Other decapods
- Homarus americanus = American Lobster
- Pagurus longicarpus = Long-Wrist Hermit Crab
- Pagurus pollicaris = Flatclaw Hermit Crab
- Crangon septemspinosa = Seven-Spined Sand Shrimp
- Palaemonetes pugio = Daggerblade Grass Shrimp
- Gilvossius setimanus = Ghost Shrimp
- Upogebia affinis = Coastal Mud Shrimp
Mantis Shrimp (Stomatopoda)
- Squilla empusa = Atlantic Mantis Shrimp
Horseshoe Crabs (Arthropoda: Xiphosura)
- Limulus polyphemus = Atlantic Horseshoe Crab
Cephalopods (Mollusca: Cephalopoda)
- Illex illecebrosus = Northern Shortfin Squid
- Loligo pealei = Longfin Inshore Squid
Gastropods (Mollusca: Gastropoda)
Littorinimorpha
This group includes filter feeders, omnivores, and predatory sea snails.
- Crepidula fornicata = Common Slipper Shell Snail
- Crepidula plana = Eastern White Slipper Shell
- Euspira heros = Northern Moonsnail
- Euspira triseriata = Spotted Moonsnail
- Littorina littorea = Common Periwinkle (invasive species; native to the European coast)
- Littorina saxatilis = Rough Periwinkle
Neogastropoda
Most neogastropods are predatory sea snails.
- Buccinum undatum = Waved Whelk
- Busycon carica = Knobbed Whelk
- Busycotypus canaliculatus = Channeled Whelk
- Ilyanassa obsoleta = Eastern Mudsnail
- Ilyanassa trivittata = Threeline Mudsnail
- Mitrella lunata = Lunar Dovesnail
- Phrontis vibex = Bruised Nassa
- Nucella lapillus = Atlantic Dogwinkle
- Urosalpinx cinerea = Atlantic Oyster Drill
- Eupleura caudata = Thick-lip Drill
- Kurtziella cerina = Wax-Colored Mangelia
Ptenoglossa
- Cerithiopsis greenii = Green's Cerith
- Seila adamsii = Adam's Cerith
- Retilaskeya emersonii = Awl Cerith
Bivalves (Mollusca: Bivalvia)
Pteriomorphia
These filter feeders are either mobile or permanently attached to a substrate.
- Anadara transversa = Transverse Ark
- Anadara ovalis = Blood Ark
- Crassostrea virginica = Eastern Oyster
- Ostrea edulis = European Flat Oyster[1]
- Mytilus edulis = Blue Mussel
- Geukensia demissa = Ribbed Mussel
- Modiolus modiolus = Northern Horsemussel
- Anomia simplex = Jingle Shell
- Argopecten irradians = Bay Scallop
- Placopecten magellanicus = Sea Scallop
Heterodonta
These filter feeders are mostly burrowers.
- Arctica islandica = Ocean Quahog
- Mercenaria mercenaria = Northern Quahog / Hardshell Clam
- Pitar morrhuanus = False Quahog
- Spisula solidissima = Atlantic Surf Clam
- Mulinia lateralis = Dwarf Surf Clam
- Petricola pholadiformis = False Angelwing
- Mya arenaria = Softshell Clam
- Ensis directus = Atlantic Jackknife / Razor Clam
- Astarte undata = Wavy Astarte
- Astarte castanea = Smooth Astarte
Echinoderms (Echinodermata)
Sea Urchins (Echinoidea)
- Sand dollar
- Arbacia punctulata = Atlantic Purple Sea Urchin
- Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis = Common Green Sea Urchin
Sea Cucumbers (Holothuroidea)
- Sclerodactyla briareus = Hairy Sea Cucumber
Starfish (Asteroidea)
- Crossaster papposus = Spiny Sunstar
- Solaster endeca = Purple Sunstar
- Pteraster militaris = Winged Sea Star
- Hippasteria phrygiana = Horse Star
- Leptasterias tenera = Slender Seastar
- Asterias vulgaris = Northern Seastar
- Asterias forbesi = Common Seastar
- Henricia sanguinolenta = Blood Star
Brittle Stars (Ophiuroidea)
- Ophioderma Brevispinum = Shortspined Brittlestar
- Ophiopholis Aculeata = Daisy Brittlestar
- Amphioplus abditus = Burrowing Brittlestar
- Axiognathus squamata = Little Brittlestar
- Gorgonocephalus arcticus = Northern Basketstar
Sea Squirts (Chordata: Ascidian Tunicates)
- Didemnum sp. = Compound Sea Squirt
- Molgula manhattensis = Sea Grape
- Styela clava = Asian stalked Tunicate
- Botryllus schlosseri = Golden Star Tunicate
- Botrylloides violaceus = Compound Tunicate
Cartilaginous Fish (Chordata: Chondrichthyes)
Resident Sharks
- Carcharhinus leucas = Bull Shark
- Carcharhinus plumbeus = Sandbar Shark
- Mustelus canis = Dusky Smoothhound Shark / Smooth Dogfish
- Odontaspis taurus = Sand Tiger Shark
- Squalus acanthias = Spiny Dogfish
Visitor Sharks
- Carcharhinus obscurus = Dusky Shark
- Prionace glauca = Blue Shark
- Sphyrna zygaena = Smooth Hammerhead Shark
- Alopias vulpinus = Common Thresher Shark
- Carcharodon carcharias = Great White Shark
Skates and Rays (Batoidea)
- Dasyatis centroura = Roughtail Stingray
- Raja eglanteria = Clearnose Skate
- Raja erinacea = Little Skate
- Dipturus laevis = Barndoor Skate
- Leucoraja ocellata = Winter Skate
Bony Fish (Chordata: Osteichthyes)
Eels (Anguilliformes)
- Anguilla rostrata = American Eel
Gadiformes
- Enchelyopus cimbrius = Four-Bearded Rockling
- Microgadus tomcod = Atlantic Tomcod
- Urophycis chuss = Red Hake
Seahorses and Pipefishes (Syngnathiformes)
- Hippocampus erectus = Northern Lined Seahorse
- Syngnathus fuscus = Northern Pipefish
Jacks (Carangiformes: Carangidae)
- Caranx hippos = Crevalle Jack, Jack Crevalle, Common Jack
- Caranx crysos = Blue Runner, Hardnose
- Carangoides bartholomaei = Yellow Jack, Coolihoo
- Chloroscombrus chrysurus = Atlantic Bumper
Flatfish (Pleuronectiformes)
- Etropus microstomus = Smallmouth Flounder
- Paralichthys dentatus = Fluke
- Pleuronectes ferruginea = Yellowtail Flounder
- Pseudopleuronectes americanus = Winter Flounder
- Scophthalmus aquosus = Windowpane Flounder
- Trinectes maculatus = Hogchoker
Scorpaeniformes
- Hemitripterus americanus = Atlantic Sea Raven
- Myoxocephalus aenaeus = Grubby Sculpin
- Myoxocephalus octodecemspinosus = Longhorn Sculpin
- Prionotus carolinus = Northern Sea Robin
- Pterois volitans = Red Lionfish (invasive species)
Wrasses (Labriformes: Labridae)
- Tautoga onitis = Blackfish, Tautog
- Tautogolabrus adspersus = Cunner Wrasse, Bergall
Drums (Sciaenidae)
- Cynoscion regalis = Weakfish, Seatrout
- Menticirrhus saxatilis = Northern Kingfish, Northern Kingcroaker, Whiting
- Sciaenops ocellatus = Red Drum, Redfish, Puppy Drum, Channel Bass, Red, Spottail Bass
- Pogonias cromis = Black Drum, "Big Ugly", Drum, Drummer
- Leiostomus xanthurus = Spot, Spot Croaker
- Micropogonias undulatus = Atlantic Croaker
Other Perciformes
- Centropristis striata = Black Sea Bass
- Morone saxatilis = Striped Bass
- Pholis gunnellus = Rock Gunnel
- Pomatomus saltatrix = Bluefish
- Stenotomus chrysops = Scup
- Ulvaria subbifurcata = Radiated Shanny
Anglerfish (Lophiiformes)
- Dibranchus atlanticus = Atlantic Batfish
- Lophius americanus = American Anglerfish
Tetraodontiformes
All of the animals in this category are summer visitors, who migrate northwards from warmer waters in the south.
- Balistes capriscus = Grey Triggerfish
- Chilomycterus schoepfii = Striped Burrfish
- Mola mola = Ocean Sunfish
- Sphoeroides maculatus = Northern Pufferfish
- Stephanolepis hispidus = Planehead Filefish
Miscellaneous Percomorpha
- Ammodytes americanus = American Sand Lance
- Apeltes quadracus = Four-Spined Stickleback (found in fresh and brackish water)
- Fundulus majalis = Striped Killifish
- Menidia menidia = Atlantic Silverside
- Opsanus tau = Oyster Toadfish
- Peprilus triacanthus = Atlantic Butterfish, American Butterfish
References
- "Connecticut Sea Grant | UConn". seagrant.uconn.edu. Archived from the original on 2016-11-03. Retrieved 2016-12-13.
Further reading
- Weiss, Howard (1995). Marine Animals of Southern New England and New York. Connecticut: Bulletin. pp. All. ISBN 0-942081-06-4.
- "NOAA Fish Watch". NOAA Fish Watch.
- "Fish". ARKIVE. Archived from the original on 2016-02-05.
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