List of football clubs in England and Wales by year formed

List of football league clubs in the English football league system, as of the 2019–20 season. This represents the top four divisions of English football. Different sources offer alternative dates for club foundation dates, and therefore given dates can vary. Reasons for differences include:

  • Informal status: Clubs can originate as an unincorporated association; sources may include this relatively informal period as part of their history.
  • Mergers: Clubs can form by a merger of two clubs, with the date of one of the original clubs being selected as the foundation date.
  • Liquidation: Some clubs were liquidated, with a new club adopting the history of the liquidated club.
  • Historicity: Some dates are based on non-contemporary accounts with sources of uncertain provenance.
  • Continuity: Contemporary newspaper reports may give club names whose direct connection to modern-day clubs is not established.
  • Viewing a relocation as a foundation: This applies to MK Dons[1]

Many clubs have been incorporated at some point in their existence, this is not used in the list below as a revised foundation date.

The year in the left hand column is the year published by the club itself. Where month and day are also published, these are recorded in the notes.

Year published by club Club Season 2020–21 Notes
1863[2]Stoke City ChampionshipThe club state they are the oldest professional Football League Club in the world, existing since 1863.[3]

The club was originally known as Stoke Ramblers.[4] Evidence for foundation in 1863 is provided by "The Book of Football"(1905), which names four founder players, and a date of 1863 while discussing Stoke City.[5] That date was adopted by the current club for anniversary celebrations in 1963[6] and 2013,[7] and included in the current crest.[8] However the 1863 date is disputed.[9] The earliest known Stoke Ramblers newspaper reports, in 1868, stated that the club had been formed that season,[10] and some of the details in these reports may have been used in the 1905 book in the description of the events claimed to be in 1863.[11]

The club underwent a merger in 1878, when it became known simply as Stoke, and was liquidated in 1908, but refounded shortly after.[12] Contemporary reports called this refounded club, "new"[13]

1865[14]Nottingham Forest[15] ChampionshipNottingham Forest state that a group of shinney players founded the club in 1865.[14]

The exact date of the club's formation is unknown,[16] but returns from the club to the 1870s Alcock's Football Annual stated October 1865 as the month of formation,[17] and football matches were documented from 1866.[18] A late Victorian source described the date of formation of Forest as "a matter of some uncertainty, but most probably as far back as 1864".[19]

Former league club Notts County claim an earlier foundation date of 1862;[20] following their relegation from the fourth tier of the English Football League in 2019, the EFL stated that Nottingham Forest were now the oldest professional football league club.[16] This was contested by Stoke City, who claim 1863[3] as their foundation year.

1867[21]Sheffield Wednesday[22] ChampionshipThe club state a foundation date of 4 September, 1867.[21]

The club were founded as The Wednesday Football Club in 1867 as an offshoot of The Wednesday Cricket Club formed 1820.[23] The exact date of formation is disputed, with both 4 and 5 September 1867 reported as the date of formation in newspapers published in the same week.[24] The first reported practice match was on 12 October 1867;[25] their first competitive fixtures were in February 1868 in the Cromwell Cup. The club formally adopted its current name in 1929, previously it was referred to variously as Wednesday,[26] The Wednesday[27] and Sheffield Wednesday.[24]

1871[28]Reading[29] ChampionshipUncertainty whether formed in 1871 or 1872[30]
1874[31]Aston Villa[32] Premier LeagueSome debate over March or November 1874[33][34] Villa say 21 November 1874 is a legend.[35]
1874[36]Bolton Wanderers[37] League TwoFormed as Christ Church FC, no exact date known though possibly June. Renamed Bolton Wanderers in 1877
1875[38]Birmingham City[39] ChampionshipFounded as Small Heath Alliance in 1875, exact date unknown
1875[40]Blackburn Rovers[41] ChampionshipFounded at a meeting on 5 November 1875
1876[42]Middlesbrough ChampionshipOriginal club founded in 1876,[43] though date stated as vague. Other source says 20 October 1876.[44] Club merged then demerged from another club in 1892.
1876[45]Macclesfield Town League TwoMerger of 8th Cheshire Rifle Volunteers football team and the Olympic Cricket Club, date 21 October 1876

The club were wound up on 16th September 2020 [46]

1876[47]Port Vale League TwoDisputed whether original club foundation is 1876 or 1879,.[48] Exact date in 1876 not known. The club was wound up, with the name used by a successor club in 1909.
1877[49]Crewe Alexandra[50] League OneNo date for formation in 1877.
1877[51]Wolverhampton Wanderers Premier LeagueOriginally called St Lukes, date not recorded. Merged with another club in 1879.[52]
1878[53]Everton[54] Premier LeagueFormed as St Domingo's, 1 January 1878
1878[55]Grimsby Town[56] League Two
1878[57]Ipswich Town League OneFounded 16 October 1878. Merged with a rugby club in 1888.[58]
1878[59]Manchester United [60] Premier LeagueFounded in 1878 as Newton Heath LYR F.C. Renamed in 1902; liquidation was avoided.[61]
1878[62]West Bromwich Albion Premier LeagueDisputed whether 1878 or 1879, any football in 1878 on an informal basis.[63] Club states 1878.
1879[64]Doncaster Rovers League OneLiquidated and reformed in 1914.[65]
1879[66]Fulham[67] Premier LeaguePrimarily cricket in its early days.
1879[68]Sunderland League OneFirst recorded competitive game was against Ferryhill Athletic on 13 November 1880. In 1881 the club's name was changed to Sunderland Association Football Club. Dispute over 1879 and 1880.[69]
1879[70]Swindon Town League OneDispute on whether formation was in 1879 or 1881. Merged with another club in 1881.[71] Club only states 1879.
1880[72]Manchester City[73] Premier LeagueStarted as a church team, exact date not known
1880[74]Preston North End[75] ChampionshipGiven in club history as May 1880, not clear when football started to be played.
1881[76]Watford ChampionshipUnderwent merger in 1898; the 1881 date is for one of the two merged clubs.[77]
1882[78]Burnley [79] Premier League
1882[80]Tottenham Hotspur[81] Premier League5 September 1882 as Hotspur Football Club
1882[82]Queens Park Rangers ChampionshipAmalgamation of two clubs in 1886 with the older formed in 1882, 1882 is in the club crest.[83] The club states 1882 "signifies the very earliest roots of our club's beginnings"
1883[84]Bristol Rovers[85] League OneSeptember 1883
1883[86]Coventry City[87] ChampionshipCoventry City formed as Singers F.C. in 1883 at an unknown date before adopting their current name in 1898.
1884[88]Derby County[89] ChampionshipAn offshoot of Derbyshire County Cricket Club
1884[90]Leicester City Premier LeagueOriginal club, Leicester Fosse, closed down in 1919 to be replaced by Leicester City.[91] Club's history states first football match 1 November 1884.
1884[92]Tranmere Rovers League TwoOriginal club, Belmont FC, closed down in 1884 to be replaced by Tranmere.[93]
1884[94]Lincoln City[95] League OneThe club state they were officially formed as an amateur association in 1884, though there had been a team playing since the 1860s
1885[96]Luton Town[97] ChampionshipMerger between local clubs, Wanderers and Excelsior, announced on 11 April 1885
1885[98]Millwall[99] ChampionshipNo exact date supplied by club
1885[100]Southampton[101] Premier League
1886[102]Arsenal Premier LeagueNo exact date given, described as 'late 1886'
1886[103]Plymouth Argyle League OneThe club state 1886 was the year "the original Argyle was formed".[103]
1886[104]Shrewsbury Town League OneClub views 1886 as the origin, though says roots go back to 1879.[104]
1887[105]Blackpool League OneFormed by breakaway from another club[106] 1877 sometimes claimed, however club states "founded in 1887 on the back of a breakaway from local outfit St John's FC"
1887[107]Barnsley ChampionshipFounded as "Barnsley St. Peter's" on 17 September 1887,[107] but subsequently dropped the "St. Peter's" in 1897.
1887[108]Cheltenham Town League TwoClub states previously thought to be 1892, moved back to 1887 due to evidence of football being played earlier in the town.[108]
1887[109]Wycombe Wanderers Championship
1888[110] Walsall League TwoAmalgamation of two older clubs as Walsall Town Swifts
1888[111]Leyton Orient League TwoFounded in 1881 as the Glyn Cricket Club; the club began playing football as Orient in 1888. Club state the existing Cricket Club adopted football on 3 March 1888.[111]
1889[112]Brentford ChampionshipClub states 10 October 1889.[112]
1889[113]Forest Green Rovers League TwoFounded October 1889
1889[114]Sheffield United[115] Premier LeagueClub state foundation on 22 March 1889[114]
1892[116]Liverpool Premier LeagueThe club state that nn 15 March 1892, John Houlding broke from the board of Everton to form Liverpool FC, and that the club was formally recognised by the Board of Trade on 3 June.[116]
1892[117]Newcastle United Premier LeagueBegan in May 1892 when two clubs joined.
1893[118]Gillingham League One
1893[119]Oxford United League OneHistory includes a merger in 1911.[119]
1894[120] Bristol City Championship
1895[121]Oldham Athletic League TwoFormed as Pine Villa in 1895. Refounded as Oldham Athletic on 4 July 1899.
1896[122]Crawley Town League TwoPlayed informally from 1890.[123]
1897[124]Mansfield Town League TwoClub states "many dates have been given, however most are apocryphal or at the very least wildly inaccurate"
1897[125]Northampton Town League OneWent into administration in 1992 but escaped liquidation.[126] Club states foundation on 6 March 1897.[125]
1898[127]Portsmouth League OneWound up and immediately reformed in July 1912 to evade debts of the original 1898 club. Club state 1898 in their history without the winding-up.[127]
1899[128]Bournemouth ChampionshipFormed as Boscombe FC in 1899 from a earlier club; some give 1890 as original date.[129]
1899[130]Cardiff City ChampionshipFormed as Riverside.
1899[131]Scunthorpe United League Two
1900[132]West Ham United Premier LeagueForerunner was Thames Ironworks in 1895, however the club does not use this in their foundation date.
1901[133]Brighton & Hove Albion Premier LeagueClaims of connection to previous clubs.[134] Club states date of 24 June 1901.[133]
1901[135]Exeter City League TwoAdopted current name in 1904,[136] previously thought to be a merger.
1902[137]Norwich City[138] ChampionshipOriginal club liquidated 1917 and reformed 1919.
1903[139]Bradford City League Twoformed from Manningham FC after a switch from Rugby League [140]
1904[141]Carlisle United League TwoLiquidation and reform in 1911.
1904[142]Hull City[143] League One
1905[144]Charlton Athletic[145] League One
1905[146]Chelsea[147] Premier LeagueDate given by club 10 March 1905.[146]
1905[148]Crystal Palace[149] Premier League10 September 1905. Club recently published research suggesting an 1861 date.[150]
1906[151]Southend United[152] League TwoClub make no claim to history of earlier club with the same name[151]
1907[153]Rochdale[154] League One14 May 1907
1908[155]Huddersfield Town ChampionshipLiquidated and reformed in 1912[156]
1912[157]Cambridge United[158] League Two
1912[159]Swansea City ChampionshipOriginal club wound up in 1985[160]
1919[161]Leeds United[162] Premier LeagueFormed 17 October 1919 following disbanding of a previous club.
1920[163]Morecambe[164] League TwoClub states 7 May 1920 [163]
1925[165]Rotherham United Championship1925 merger[166]
1932[167]Wigan Athletic League OneSeveral teams created and wound up prior to current club.[168]
1934[169]Peterborough United[170] League OneClub created 17 May 1934.[169]
1937[171]Colchester United League TwoReplaced an amateur club which folded the same year[172] Club announced 14 July 1937
1940[173]Salford City League Two

[174]

1950[175]Burton Albion League OneSucceeded other clubs in the town.[176] Club states 6 July 1950.[175]
1968[177]Accrington Stanley League OneReformed, following the demise of a previous club of the same name in 1963.[178]
1989[179]Newport County League TwoLiquidated and reformed in 1989.[180] Club states "It is important to distinguish between Newport County (the Ironsides) a club of the past and Newport County AFC (the Exiles) the club of the present and the future)."
1997[181]Fleetwood Town League OneSeveral previous versions.[182] The club site states "The club reformed as Fleetwood Wanderers in 1997"
2002[183]AFC Wimbledon League Oneviewed as a new club and not a continuation of Wimbledon FC
2004[184] MK Dons League OneAlthough the club was a continuation of Wimbledon FC (formed 1889), moving from Wimbledon to Milton Keynes in 2003, the club considers its foundation from when the club was renamed in 2004.[1]

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