List of schisms in Christianity

This is a list of Christian schisms. A schism in religion is when a single religious body divides and becomes two separate religious bodies. This split can be violent or non-violent but results in at least one of the two newly created bodies considering themselves distinct from the other. This article covers Schisms in Christianity.

Chart depicts schisms in Christianity.

Before East-West Schism 1054

Marcionist schism c.150[1]
Montanist Schism c.156[2]
Monarchianist schism c.100-200[3]
Sabellianist/Patripassianist schism c.200[4]
Donatist schism c.300-500[5]
Arian Schism 325[6]
Quartodecimanist schism 325[7]
Macedonian Schism 342[8]
Luciferian Schism 355[9]
Appolinarist Schism 381[10]
Collyridianist Schism c.376[11]
Audianist Schism 380
Nestorian Schism 431[12]
Eutychian Schism 451[13]
Monophysite Schism 451[13]
Acacien Schism 484[14]
Schism of the Three Chapters 553[15]
Armenian Apostolic Schism 610[16]
Monothelitist Schism 629[17]
Maronite Schism[18]
First Iconoclast Schism 787[19]
Second Iconoclast Schism 814[19]
The Great Schism of 1054[19]

Schisms in Catholicism pre-Reformation

Bosnian Schism 1199[20]^{[verification needed]}
Waldensian Schism 1215.
Western Schism 1378[21]

Reformation

The Swiss Reformation 1516[22]
The Anabaptist Reformation 1525[23]
The English Reformation 1529[24]
Schism of 1552
Michael Servetus burned at the stake in 1553, considered founder of Unitarianism
The Scottish Reformation 1560[25]
The Dutch Reformation 1571
The Jansenism schism 1643
The Raskol schism 1653–66

Post Reformation schisms

Melkite-Orthodox Schism 1724
Orthodox Reformation 19th century
Restorationist movement begins 1850s
Bulgarian schism 1872
Old Catholic Church schism 1879
Liberal Catholic movement 1913
- Liberal Catholic Church schism 1916
True Orthodox movement 1920s
- Old Calendarism schisms 1923
Church of the East Schism 1964
Montaner Schism 1967–69
Continuing Anglican movement schisms begin since 1977
Society of Saint Pius X Considered materially schismatic from 1988 until 2005, canonically irregular
Second Moscow–Constantinople schism 1996
Anglican realignment schisms begin since 2002
- The separation of the Anglican Church in North America from the Episcopal Church and the Anglican Church of Canada 2009[26]
Community of the Lady of All Peoples Quebec Excluded from the Catholic Church in April 2007[27]
Third Moscow–Constantinople schism 2018

References

Sider, Robert D.; Tertullian; Evans, Ernest (1973). "Tertullian. Adversus Marcionem". The Classical World. 66 (8): 493. doi:10.2307/4347925. ISSN 0009-8418. JSTOR 4347925.
"<italic>La Théophilanthropie et le Culte Décadaire, 1796–1801: Essai sur l'Histoire Religieuse de la Révolution</italic>. Par Albert Mathiez. [Bibliothèque de la Fondation Thiers, IV.] (Paris: Félix Alcan. 1904. Pp. 753.)". The American Historical Review. October 1904. doi:10.1086/ahr/10.1.189. ISSN 1937-5239.
"Monarchianism | Christianity". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2019-03-19.
Latourette, Kenneth Scott (1975). A history of Christianity (Rev. ed.). New York: Harper & Row. ISBN 0060649526. OCLC 1824537.
"Meanness Exemplified". Scientific American. 3 (7): 51. 1847-11-06. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican11061847-51f. ISSN 0036-8733.
Ferguson, Everett (2013-11-26). Church history the rise and growth of the church in its cultural, intellectual, and political context (Second ed.). Grand Rapids. ISBN 9780310516576. OCLC 1085698140.
"Fallow". Encyclopedia of entomology: P-Z. Encyclopedia of Entomology. Kluwer Academic Publishers. 2004. p. 828. doi:10.1007/0-306-48380-7_1566. ISBN 0792386701.
Howland, A.C. (March 1913). "The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vols. XIII (pp. xv, 800) and XIV (pp. xv, 800). Price, $6.00 each. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1912". The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 46 (1): 206–208. doi:10.1177/000271621304600140. ISSN 0002-7162.
Cross, F. L.; Livingstone, E. A., eds. (2005-01-01). "The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church". doi:10.1093/acref/9780192802903.001.0001. ISBN 9780192802903. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
Kubiński, Tadeusz (December 1975). "Mcinerny R. M.. Language. New Catholic encyclopedia, prepared by an editorial staff at the Catholic University of America, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York etc. 1967, vol. 8, pp. 365–376. Hirschberger J.. Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm von. New Catholic encyclopedia, prepared by an editorial staff at the Catholic University of America, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York etc. 1967, vol. 8, pp. 620–621. Carlo W. E.. Methodology (physical sciences). New Catholic encyclopedia, prepared by an editorial staff at the Catholic University of America, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York etc. 1967, vol. 9, pp. 747–750. Maziarz E. A.. Number. New Catholic encyclopedia, prepared by an editorial staff at the Catholic University of America, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York etc. 1967, vol. 10, pp. 561–566. Ladrière J. A.. Verification. New Catholic encyclopedia, prepared by an editorial staff at the Catholic University of America, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York etc. 1967, vol. 14, pp. 615–616. Stokes W. E.. Whitehead, Alfred North. New Catholic encyclopedia, prepared by an editorial staff at the Catholic University of America, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York etc. 1967, vol. 14, pp. 896–897. McGuinness B. F.. Wittgenstein, Ludwig. New Catholic encyclopedia, prepared by an editorial staff at the Catholic University of America, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York etc. 1967, vol. 14, pp. 983–984. Stahl G.. Un développement de la logique des questions. Revue philosophique de la France et de l'Etranger, vol. 153 (1963), pp. 293–301". The Journal of Symbolic Logic. 40 (4): 599–600. doi:10.2307/2271807. ISSN 0022-4812. JSTOR 2271807.
Block, Corrie (2013). The Qur'an in Christian-Muslim Dialogue : Historical and Modern Interpretations. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. ISBN 9781135014056. OCLC 860626008.
Strayer, Joseph R., ed. (1982). Dictionary of the Middle Ages. New York: Scribner. ISBN 0684190737. OCLC 8474388.
"Chalcedon, Council of". doi:10.1163/2211-2685_eco_c358. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
Meyendorff, A. (June 1925). "Notes on Marx's Predecessors". Economica (14): 202–203. doi:10.2307/2548079. ISSN 0013-0427. JSTOR 2548079.
Howland, A.C. (March 1913). "The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vols. XIII (pp. xv, 800) and XIV (pp. xv, 800). Price, $6.00 each. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1912". The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 46 (1): 206–208. doi:10.1177/000271621304600140. ISSN 0002-7162.
"Armenian Apostolic Church". doi:10.1163/2211-2685_eco_a599. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
Bury, Tracy (May 1995). "The Development of the CSP Research Strategy". Physiotherapy. 81 (5): 251–252. doi:10.1016/s0031-9406(05)66817-4. ISSN 0031-9406.
"John Maron", Wikipedia, 2019-04-01, retrieved 2019-04-30
Reese, Alan W. (August 2000). "A History of the Byzantine State and Society, by Warren Treadgold.A History of the Byzantine State and Society, by Warren Treadgold. Stanford California, Stanford University Press, 1997. xxiii, 1019 pp. $79.50 U.S. (cloth), $34.95 U.S. (paper)". Canadian Journal of History. 35 (2): 300–301. doi:10.3138/cjh.35.2.300. ISSN 0008-4107.
Bamberger, Alan S. (1994). Art for all : how to buy fine art for under $300. Wallace-Homestead Book Co. ISBN 0870696920. OCLC 29877683.
"Schism - Western Schism". doi:10.1163/2468-483x_smuo_com_003974. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
Janz, Denis, ed. (2008). A Reformation reader : primary texts with introductions (2nd ed.). Minneapolis: Fortress Press. ISBN 9780800663100. OCLC 226291754.
Dyck, J. W.; Fanger, Donald (1967). "Dostoevsky and Romantic Realism". Books Abroad. 41 (1): 86. doi:10.2307/40121427. ISSN 0006-7431. JSTOR 40121427.
Brian Chalkley; Martin J Haigh; David Higgitt, eds. (2009). Education for sustainable development : papers in honour of the United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (2005-2014). Routledge. ISBN 9780415460057. OCLC 475732590.
Gray, Thomas (1935), Toynbee, Paget; Whibley, Leonard (eds.), "140. Gray to Walpole", Correspondence of Thomas Gray, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/oseo/instance.00218602, ISBN 9780198794493
Padley, Kenneth (February 2009). "Early Anglican Ecclesiology and Contemporary Ecumenism". International Journal for the Study of the Christian Church. 9 (1): 3–16. doi:10.1080/14742250802562780. ISSN 1474-225X.
http://www.communaute-dame.qc.ca

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[1] Sider, Robert D.; Tertullian; Evans, Ernest (1973). "Tertullian. Adversus Marcionem". The Classical World. 66 (8): 493. doi:10.2307/4347925. ISSN 0009-8418. JSTOR 4347925.

[2] "<italic>La Théophilanthropie et le Culte Décadaire, 1796–1801: Essai sur l'Histoire Religieuse de la Révolution</italic>. Par Albert Mathiez. [Bibliothèque de la Fondation Thiers, IV.] (Paris: Félix Alcan. 1904. Pp. 753.)". The American Historical Review. October 1904. doi:10.1086/ahr/10.1.189. ISSN 1937-5239.

[3] "Monarchianism | Christianity". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2019-03-19.

[4] Latourette, Kenneth Scott (1975). A history of Christianity (Rev. ed.). New York: Harper & Row. ISBN 0060649526. OCLC 1824537.

[5] "Meanness Exemplified". Scientific American. 3 (7): 51. 1847-11-06. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican11061847-51f. ISSN 0036-8733.

[6] Ferguson, Everett (2013-11-26). Church history the rise and growth of the church in its cultural, intellectual, and political context (Second ed.). Grand Rapids. ISBN 9780310516576. OCLC 1085698140.

[7] "Fallow". Encyclopedia of entomology: P-Z. Encyclopedia of Entomology. Kluwer Academic Publishers. 2004. p. 828. doi:10.1007/0-306-48380-7_1566. ISBN 0792386701.

[8] Howland, A.C. (March 1913). "The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vols. XIII (pp. xv, 800) and XIV (pp. xv, 800). Price, $6.00 each. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1912". The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 46 (1): 206–208. doi:10.1177/000271621304600140. ISSN 0002-7162.

[9] Cross, F. L.; Livingstone, E. A., eds. (2005-01-01). "The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church". doi:10.1093/acref/9780192802903.001.0001. ISBN 9780192802903. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

[10] Kubiński, Tadeusz (December 1975). "Mcinerny R. M.. Language. New Catholic encyclopedia, prepared by an editorial staff at the Catholic University of America, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York etc. 1967, vol. 8, pp. 365–376. Hirschberger J.. Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm von. New Catholic encyclopedia, prepared by an editorial staff at the Catholic University of America, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York etc. 1967, vol. 8, pp. 620–621. Carlo W. E.. Methodology (physical sciences). New Catholic encyclopedia, prepared by an editorial staff at the Catholic University of America, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York etc. 1967, vol. 9, pp. 747–750. Maziarz E. A.. Number. New Catholic encyclopedia, prepared by an editorial staff at the Catholic University of America, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York etc. 1967, vol. 10, pp. 561–566. Ladrière J. A.. Verification. New Catholic encyclopedia, prepared by an editorial staff at the Catholic University of America, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York etc. 1967, vol. 14, pp. 615–616. Stokes W. E.. Whitehead, Alfred North. New Catholic encyclopedia, prepared by an editorial staff at the Catholic University of America, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York etc. 1967, vol. 14, pp. 896–897. McGuinness B. F.. Wittgenstein, Ludwig. New Catholic encyclopedia, prepared by an editorial staff at the Catholic University of America, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York etc. 1967, vol. 14, pp. 983–984. Stahl G.. Un développement de la logique des questions. Revue philosophique de la France et de l'Etranger, vol. 153 (1963), pp. 293–301". The Journal of Symbolic Logic. 40 (4): 599–600. doi:10.2307/2271807. ISSN 0022-4812. JSTOR 2271807.

[11] Block, Corrie (2013). The Qur'an in Christian-Muslim Dialogue : Historical and Modern Interpretations. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. ISBN 9781135014056. OCLC 860626008.

[12] Strayer, Joseph R., ed. (1982). Dictionary of the Middle Ages. New York: Scribner. ISBN 0684190737. OCLC 8474388.

[:0-13] "Chalcedon, Council of". doi:10.1163/2211-2685_eco_c358. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

[14] Meyendorff, A. (June 1925). "Notes on Marx's Predecessors". Economica (14): 202–203. doi:10.2307/2548079. ISSN 0013-0427. JSTOR 2548079.

[15] Howland, A.C. (March 1913). "The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vols. XIII (pp. xv, 800) and XIV (pp. xv, 800). Price, $6.00 each. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1912". The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 46 (1): 206–208. doi:10.1177/000271621304600140. ISSN 0002-7162.

[16] "Armenian Apostolic Church". doi:10.1163/2211-2685_eco_a599. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

[17] Bury, Tracy (May 1995). "The Development of the CSP Research Strategy". Physiotherapy. 81 (5): 251–252. doi:10.1016/s0031-9406(05)66817-4. ISSN 0031-9406.

[18] "John Maron", Wikipedia, 2019-04-01, retrieved 2019-04-30

[:1-19] Reese, Alan W. (August 2000). "A History of the Byzantine State and Society, by Warren Treadgold.A History of the Byzantine State and Society, by Warren Treadgold. Stanford California, Stanford University Press, 1997. xxiii, 1019 pp. $79.50 U.S. (cloth), $34.95 U.S. (paper)". Canadian Journal of History. 35 (2): 300–301. doi:10.3138/cjh.35.2.300. ISSN 0008-4107.

[20] Bamberger, Alan S. (1994). Art for all : how to buy fine art for under $300. Wallace-Homestead Book Co. ISBN 0870696920. OCLC 29877683.

[21] "Schism - Western Schism". doi:10.1163/2468-483x_smuo_com_003974. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

[22] Janz, Denis, ed. (2008). A Reformation reader : primary texts with introductions (2nd ed.). Minneapolis: Fortress Press. ISBN 9780800663100. OCLC 226291754.

[23] Dyck, J. W.; Fanger, Donald (1967). "Dostoevsky and Romantic Realism". Books Abroad. 41 (1): 86. doi:10.2307/40121427. ISSN 0006-7431. JSTOR 40121427.

[24] Brian Chalkley; Martin J Haigh; David Higgitt, eds. (2009). Education for sustainable development : papers in honour of the United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (2005-2014). Routledge. ISBN 9780415460057. OCLC 475732590.

[25] Gray, Thomas (1935), Toynbee, Paget; Whibley, Leonard (eds.), "140. Gray to Walpole", Correspondence of Thomas Gray, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/oseo/instance.00218602, ISBN 9780198794493

[26] Padley, Kenneth (February 2009). "Early Anglican Ecclesiology and Contemporary Ecumenism". International Journal for the Study of the Christian Church. 9 (1): 3–16. doi:10.1080/14742250802562780. ISSN 1474-225X.

[27] ttp://www.communaute-dame.qc.ca