List of the orchids of Ireland

This is an annotated list of the orchids found in Ireland.

Genus Anacamptis Rich.

Distribution. Southern half of Ireland but not Southwest Map[1] Status. Endangered.[2]

  • Anacamptis morio Habitat

Distribution. Most of Ireland.Map [1]

  • Anacamptis pyramidalis Habitat
  • Anacamptis pyramidalis Donegal

Genus Cephalanthera L.C.M. Richard

Distribution.Scattered over Ireland. Extinct Northern Ireland Map[1] Status.Endangered.[2]

Genus Coeloglossum Hartm.

valid combination Dactylorhiza viridis

Genus Dactylorhiza Necker ex Nevski

Distribution. All of Ireland Map[1]

  • Dactylorhiza fuchsii Habitat
  • Dactylorhiza fuchsii

Distribution.All of Ireland Map[1]

Distribution Map

  • Dactylorhiza incarnata Habitat
  • Dactylorhiza incarnata
  • Dactylorhiza incarnata forma rosea

Distribution. All of Ireland Map

  • Dactylorhiza maculata Habitat
  • Dactylorhiza maculata

Distribution. Widespread Map[3]

  • Dactylorhiza majalis Habitat
  • Dactylorhiza majalis

Distribution. Western, Northern and Central Ireland Map[1]

  • Dactylorhiza occidentalis Burren Habitus
  • Dactylorhiza occidentalis inflorescence

Distribution. All Ireland. Mainly North Map[1]

  • Dactylorhiza purpurella Habitat
  • Dactylorhiza purpurella Inflorescence
  • Dactylorhiza traunsteineri. Habitus
  • Dactylorhiza traunsteineri Inflorescence

Distribution. All Ireland.Map[1]

  • Dactylorhiza viridis Habitat
  • Dactylorhiza viridis Habitus
  • Dactylorhiza viridis

nothosubspecies of = Dactylorhiza (hybrid subspecies)

  • x braunii (Halácsy) Borsos & Soó
  • x claudiopolitana (Soó) Soó
  • x formosa (T. & T.A. Stephenson) Soó
  • x jenensis (Brand.) Soó
  • x kellerana P.F. Hunt
  • x kernerorum (Soó) Soó
  • x townsendiana (Rouy) Soó
  • x transiens (Druce) Soó
  • x venusta (T. & T.A. Stephenson) Soó
  • Dactylorhiza fuchsii x incarnata subsp. cruenta

Genus Epipactis Zinn

Distribution. Western Ireland. Map[1]

  • Epipactis atrorubens. Habitus
  • Epipactis atrorubens. Inflorescence

Distribution. All Ireland. Map[1]

  • Epipactis helleborine Habitus
  • Epipactis helleborine Inflorescence

Distribution. All Ireland. Map[1]

  • Habitat
  • Inflorescence
  • Flower

Distribution.Confined to North and coastal East Map[1]

  • Epipactis phyllanthes

Genus Gymnadenia R. Brown

Distribution. Restricted. Map

  • Gymnadenia borealis Keen of Hamar NNR Scotland

Distribution.All Ireland Map[1]

  • Gymnadenia conopsea. Habitat
  • Gymnadenia conopsea Habitus
  • EOL images of Gymnadenia conopsea
  • Gymnadenia densiflora (Wahlenb.) A. Dietr. = Gymnadenia × densiflora (Wahlenb.) A.Dietr., Allg. Gartenzeitung 7: 170 (1839) only this hybrid name is accepted.Hybrid Formula: G. conopsea × G. odoratissima

Distribution. Restricted. North map

nothosubspecies of Gymnadenia (hybrid subspecies)

  • x Dactylogymnadenia cookei (H. Harrison fil.) Soó
  • x Dactylogymnadenia legrandiana (Camus) Soó
  • x Dactylogymnadenia varia (T. & T.A. Stephenson) Soó

Genus Hammarbya O. Kuntze

Distribution.All Ireland.Coastal Map Status.Endangered.[2]

  • Hammarbya paludosa. Habitus
  • Hammarbya paludosa Infloresecence
  • Hammarbya paludosa Infloresecence

Genus Leucorchis E. Mey

valid combination Pseudorchis albida (Linnaeus) A. Löve & D. Löve. See below

Genus Listera R. Brown

Valid combination Neottia cordata (L.) Rich. Valid combination Neottia ovata (Linnaeus) Bluff & Fingerh.

Genus Neotinea Reichb. f.

Distribution. WesternIreland (24 Hectads) Map[1]

  • Neotinea maculata

Genus Neottia Ludwig

Distribution. All Ireland. Fewer records Midland Map[1]

  • Listera cordata Habitat (Alpine Biotope)
  • Listera cordata Habitus
  • Listera cordata Inflorescence

Distribution. All Ireland.Map[1]

  • Neottia ovata Habitus
  • Neottia ovata Inflorescence

Distribution.All Ireland. Map[1]

  • Neottia nidus-avis Habitus
  • Neottia nidus-avis Inflorescence

Genus Ophrys Linnaeus

Distribution.All Ireland. Map[1]

  • Ophrys apifera Habitus
  • Ophrys apifera Inflorescence

Distribution.Central and West Ireland (karst). Map[1]

  • Ophrys insectifera Habitat
  • Ophrys insectifera Habitus
  • Ophrys insectifera Inflorescence
  • Ophrys insectifera Flower

Genus Orchis

Distribution.All Ireland. Map[1]

  • Orchis mascula Habitus
  • Orchis mascula Inflorescence

Genus Platanthera L.C.M. Richard

Distribution.All Ireland. Map[1]

  • Platanthera bifolia Habitat
  • Platanthera bifolia Habitus
  • Platanthera bifolia Flower

Distribution.All Ireland. Map[1]

  • Platanthera chlorantha Habitus
  • Platanthera chlorantha Inflorescence

Genus Pseudorchis Séguier

Distribution.All Ireland. Map[1] Status.Endangered[4]

  • Pseudorchis albida Habitat (Italy)
  • Pseudorchis albida

Genus Spiranthes Rich.

Distribution. South Ireland. Map[1]

  • Spiranthes spiralis Habitus
  • Spiranthes spiralis Flower

Distribution.North, Galway Mayo Buttress and Southwest Map[1] Status. Endangered.[4]

  • Spiranthes romanzoffiana Habitus
  • Spiranthes romanzoffiana Flower

Synonyms

See WCSP 2012. World Checklist of selected plant families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2012-October-24.

See also

National Biodiversity Network Maps and data

References
  1. Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. ,1987. Census catalogue of the flora of Ireland. A list of Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae and Angiospermae including all the native plants and established aliens known to occur in Ireland with the distribution of each species, and recommended Irish and English names pp. [i]-xxvii, 1-171, Map. Dublin: Stationery Office
  2. "Endangered plants in Ireland". Glasnevin Botanic Gardens.
  3. Webb, D.A. & Scannell, M.J.P., 1983. Flora of Connemara and the Burren. pp. i-xlv, 1-322, 4 colour pls; 25 black and white illustrations. Dublin & Cambridge: Royal Dublin Society & Cambridge University Press.
  4. "Endangered plants in Ireland". Glasnevin Botanic Gardens.
  • Bateman, R.M., Pridgeon, A.M. & Chase, M.W. (1997). Phylogenetics of subtribe Orchidinae (Orchidoideae, Orchidaceae) based on nuclear its sequences. 2. Infrageneric relationships and reclassification to achieve monophyly of Orchis sensu stricto. Lindleyana 12: 113-141.
  • Bateman, Richard M, 2011 Glacial progress: do we finally understand thenarrow-leaved marsh-orchids? New Journal of Botany Volume 1, Number 1, June 2011, pp. 2–15(14) pdf
  • O'Reilly, P. & Parker, S. (2007). The first nature guide to wild orchids in the Burren. pp. [1]-67. Lladdysul: First Nature.
  • Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. (1987). Census catalogue of the flora of Ireland. A list of Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae and Angiospermae including all the native plants and established aliens known to occur in Ireland with the distribution of each species, and recommended Irish and English names. pp. [i]-xxvii, 1-171, Map. Dublin: Stationery Office.
  • Sayers, B. & Sex, S. (2008). Ireland's wild orchids a field guide. pp. [i-iii], i-x, 1-109. Galway: Propeller.
  • Kingston, N.. (2009). Checklist of protected & rare species in Ireland. pp. 1–15.
  • Turner Ettlinger, D.M. (1976). British and Irish orchids a field guide. pp. [i]-vi, 1-141. London & Basignstoke: The Macmillan Press Ltd. ISBN 0333182626
  • Webb, D.A. & Scannell, M.J.P. (1983). Flora of Connemara and the Burren. pp. i-xlv, 1-322, 4 colour pls; 25 black and white illustrations. Dublin & Cambridge: Royal Dublin Society & Cambridge University Press.
  • Harrap, Anne & Simon Harrap (2009) Orchids of Britain & Ireland: A Field and Site Guide, 2nd ed., A & C Black, London. ISBN 978-1-4081-0571-9.
  • Lang, David (1980) Orchids of Britain: a field guide. Oxford University Press ISBN 0192176927
  • Pierre Delforge, 2006 Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East Portland, Or. : Timber Press 3rd Edition ISBN 9780881927542
  • Karl-Peter Buttler, 1986 Orchideen, die wildwachsenden Arten Europas. Mosaik Verlag ISBN 3-570-04403-3
  • H. Baumann, S. Künkele, 1982 Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas. Frankh ISBN 3-440-05068-8
  • Robert L. Dressler,1996 Die Orchideen - Biologie und Systematik der Orchidaceae.
  • Hans Sundermann, 1975 Europäische und mediterrane Orchideen. Brücke-Verlag, 2. Auflage ISBN 3-871-05010-5
  • J. G. Williams, Orchideen Europas mit Nordafrika und Kleinasien. BLV Verlag, ISBN 3-405-11901-4
  • Kreutz, C.A.J., 2004 Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen Landgraaf Kreutz ISBN 908066264X Lists all subspecies, forma and other names.
  • Preston C. D., Pearman D. A. and Dines T.D., 2002 New Atlas of the British & Irish Flora Oxford University Press ISBN 0-19-851067-5 Verified and standardised maps.
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