MARS (ticket reservation system)

MARS (マルス, Marusu), which stands for Multi Access (originally Magnetic-electronic Automatic) seat Reservation System, is a train ticket reservation system used by the railway companies of former Japanese National Railways, currently Japan Railways Group (JR Group) and travel agencies in Japan, developed jointly by Hitachi and the Railway Information Systems Co., Ltd (JR Systems), a JR Group company jointly owned by the seven members of the group.

A MARS terminal at a JR ticket office in 2015

The host of the system is located in Kokubunji, Tokyo and managed by JR Systems.

Ticket offices at JR stations equipped with MARS terminals are called Midori no Madoguchi (みどりの窓口, literally "green window"), selling tickets for all JR Group trains with reserved seats beginning one month prior to the ride.

History

The MARS-1 system was created by Mamoru Hosaka, Yutaka Ohno, and others at the Japanese National Railways' R&D Institute (now the Railway Technical Research Institute), and was built in 1958.[1] It was the world's first seat reservation system for trains.[2] The MARS-1 was capable of reserving seat positions, and was controlled by a transistor computer with a central processing unit consisting of a thousand transistors.[1]

The latest version of MARS uses the MARS 501 system which was introduced in 2002.

  • Preserved MARS-1 mainframe at Railway Museum, Saitama
  • A Midori no Madoguchi ticket office at Himeji Station in 2009

References
  1. Hitachi and Japanese National Railways MARS-1, Information Processing Society of Japan
  2. Early Computers: Brief History, Information Processing Society of Japan


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