Margarya

Margarya is a genus of large operculate freshwater snails, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Viviparidae.[2][3]

Margarya
Shell of Margarya melanioides, the type species of Margarya
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Mollusca
Class:
Gastropoda
(unranked):
clade Caenogastropoda
informal group Architaenioglossa
Superfamily:
Viviparoidea
Family:
Viviparidae
Genus:
Margarya

Nevill, 1877[1]
Diversity
8 species[2]
Synonyms[2]
  • Margarya (Mabillemargarya) He, 2013
  • Margarya (Margarya) G. Nevill, 1877

Taxonomy

The genus Margarya was described by Nevill (1877) based on shells of the type species collected by A.R. Margary from Lake Erhai, the type locality of Margarya melanioides.[1] Based on shell and radular morphology, Tchang & Tsi (1949) revised this genus for the first time and recognized seven distinct species.[4] He created two subgenera of Margarya , viz Tchangmargarya and Mabillemargarya.[5] The first molecular phylogeny showed that the genus Margarya is polyphyletic and divided into three distinct clades.[6] Combining study of comparative morphology and molecular phylogeny, Zhang et al. revised the systematics of Margarya and recognized eight genuine extant species. However, only four species were found belonging to Margarya s. str., the rest species belonging to distinct genus Tchangmargarya or Anularya.[2]

Distribution

This genus appear to be endemic to Dian Lake, Erhai Lake, Cibi Lake, Jianhu Lake, Xihu Lake, and Lugu Lake in Yunnan Province in the China.[2]

Species

There are 4 extant species and 4 fossil species of Margarya s. str.[2] Margarya bicostata and Margarya mansuyi are transferred to Anularya. Margarya yangtsunghaiensis is transferred to Tchangmargarya. Species within the genus Margarya include 8 species:[2]

Species brought into synonymy:[2]

Cladogram

The cladogram based on sequences of mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA and cytochrome-c oxidase I (COI), and nuclear ITS2 genes showing the phylogenic relationships of the genus Margarya indicates that Margarya is polyphyletic.[2][6] Margarya as traditionally delimited decayed into three distinct clades.The sister lineages of two of these clades are representatives from different vivparid genera, which are widely distributed in East and Southeast Asian rivers and lakes. These predominantly riparian viviparids also differ markedly in their shell morphology. Herein only genus-level phylogenic relationship is given, whereas relationship between lower taxonomic units deserve further study.

Margarya and related Viviparidae
 

Tchangmargarya yangtsunghaiensis and Tchangmargarya multilabiata

 
 
 
 

Anularya bicostata and Anularya mansuyi

 
 
 

Mekongia sp. and Sinotaia spp.

 
 
 
 
 

Cipangopaludina spp.

 
 
 

Margarya melanioides, Margarya monodi, Margarya francheti, Margarya oxytropoides

 
 
 
 
 

References
  1. Nevill G. (1877). "List of the Mollusca brought back by Dr. Anderson from Yunnan and Upper Burma, with descriptions of new species". Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 46(2): 14-41. page 30.
  2. Zhang, L. J.; Chen, S. C.; Yang, L. T.; Jin, L.; Köhler, F. (2015). "Systematic revision of the freshwater snail Margarya Nevill, 1877 (Mollusca: Viviparidae) endemic to the ancient lakes of Yunnan, China, with description of new taxa". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 174 (4): 760–800. doi:10.1111/zoj.12260.
  3. Bouchet, P. (2014). Margarya G. Nevill, 1877. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=758767 on 2014-12-10
  4. Tchang, X.; Tsi, Z. Y. (1949). "A revision of the genus Margarya of the family Viviparidae". Contributions from the Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Peiping. 5: 1–26.
  5. He, J (2013). "A conchological review of Margarya-complex (Gastropoda: Viviparidae)". Shell Discoveries. 2: 2–15.
  6. Du, L.; Yang, J.; von Rintelen, T.; Chen, X.; Aldridge, D. (2013). "Molecular phylogenetic evidence that the Chinese viviparid genus Margarya (Gastropoda: Viviparidae) is polyphyletic". Chinese Science Bulletin. 58 (18): 2154–2162. doi:10.1007/s11434-012-5632-y.
  7. Mabille, J (1886). "Déscription de vivipares nouvelles du Lac Ta-li". Bulletins de la Société malacologique de France. 3: 65–76.
  8. Dautzenberg; Fischer (1905). "Liste de mollusques récoltés par M. H. Mansuy en Indo-Chine et au Yunnan et description d′espèces nouvelles". Journal de Conchyliologie. 53: 343–471.
  9. Heude P. M. (1882–1890). Notes sur les mollusques terrestres de la Vallée du Fleuve Bleu. Mémoires concernant l′histoire naturelle de l′Empire chinois 1: 1–188.
  10. Li (1987). "Margarya and Paraprosothenia (Gastropoda) from the Sheshan formation in Lijiang Basin Western Yunnan". Professional Papers of Straigraphy and Palaeontology. 22: 159–166.
  11. Huang, B.Y.; Wang, H. J.; Zhang, L. (1986). "On the mollusk of late Tertiary to Quaternary from Can-I in Kunming, Yunnan". Transactions of the Chinese Society of Malacology. 2: 128–135.
  12. Tian, Y.; Fürsich, F. T.; Schneider (2013). "Giant Viviparidae(Gastropoda: Architaenioglossa) from the early Oligocene of the Nanning basin (Guangxi, SE China)". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen. 267: 75–87.
  • Photo of Margarya melanoides with background of the lake
  • (in German) Kobelt W. (1909). "Die Gattung Paludina Lam. (Vivipara Montfort) (Neue Folge). In Abbildungen nach der Natur mit Beschreibungen". Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz, Nürnberg, 1(21a): pp. 97-430, plates 15-77., page 187-193, table 37-39.
  • Tchang, X.; Tsi, Z. Y. (1949). "A revision of the genus Margarya of the family Viviparidae". Contributions from the Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Peiping. 5: 1–26.
  • Yen T. C. (1943). "A preliminary revision of the Recent species of Chinese Viviparidae". The Nautilus 56: 124-130.
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