McDonaldisation, Masala McGospel and Om Economics

McDonaldisation, Masala McGospel and Om Economics is unique in that it places televangelism and religion in the context of globalization. This is not the norm as globalization has largely been the purview of disciplines such as economics, politics and commerce.[7] Media scholar Sukhmani Khorana reflects in her analysis, that the author is "cognizant of macro cultural dynamics" in borrowing terminology such as ‘border crossing’ and ‘border blurring’ that show the interplay of religion, nation and media.[8]

James, the study’s author infers that Hindu televangelism has been helped by Christian televangelism in the sense that the rhetoric, techniques and style have been borrowed from Christian TV (mainly of the American, Charismatic variety) and taken on board in promoting Hindu practices on Indian television.[9] This, according to historian Randall Balmer forms "the most intriguing findings of the book" as there are historical precedents as to how colonial Christianity influenced Hinduism in various ways.[10] Pradip Thomas singles out the sociologically grounded methodology of the study as one of the strengths of the book as the interviews with religious leaders "offer insights into their apprehensions, interpretations and understandings of televangelism".[11] Missiologist Roger Hedlund, in his assessment sees the major contribution of the study as the emphasis on the indigenization of Indian Christianity rather than the Americanization of the faith.[12]

Savio Abreu[13] and Rudolph Heredia [14] point out that the limited content analysis of TV programs and sampling of interviews prohibit this from being seen as an exhaustive and comprehensive study. Rajalakshimi Kannan questions the author’s choice of the cities—Mumbai and Hyderabad where he conducted his interviews, pointing out that Mumbai is the headquarters for Hindu extremist groups and Hyderabad is a city with a large Muslim population and that if the studies were conducted in other cities, they may have revealed "significantly different" responses.[15] Robert Stephens is of the opinion that the author’s motivation for the study is not merely historical or ethnographic, but rather in "rescuing the state of missionary work in South Asia".[16] Thomas cautions the reader from coming to the quick conclusion that television is the dominant means of evangelism in India today as televangelism's "ubiquity is not matched by its influence".[11] In a similar vein, Ahmad writing from a political science perspective, calls for more analysis as the study does not actually explore "the vested political and/or economic interests" of mediatized faith in India.[17]

Most scholars argue in the balance, that McDonaldisation, Masala McGospel and Om Economics is clearly a pioneer in its field of inquiry and therefore useful and essential reading "for students of religion and culture in pluralist societies"[18] as well as "media personnel and academicians involved in religious media studies, sociology of media and sociology of religion".[13] Kannan indicates that the study is filled with "numerous directions in relation to further research on a topic to which little attention has generally been paid in the past".[15] Indian historian, Vincent Kumaradoss draws attention to James' unique and somewhat provocative assertions in the book such as the 'full circle accommodation' assertion, which explores the "inspirational linkages" of the two faiths—the idea that just as Hinduism earlier influenced aspects of Charismatic Christian practices, Charismatic theology is now returning to India, through the airwaves with increased intensity and even toxicity.[19] Khorana concludes her review with the following assessment: "[The Study] contributes significantly to cross-cultural religious studies and it can also serve as a useful model for examining the televisual presence of other non Hindu faiths in India, and for considering how they interact with both the local Hindu mainstream and their global and diasporic arms".[8]

• Televangelism
• McDonaldization
• The McDonaldization of Society
• Charismatic movement
• Globalization

• "SAGE: McDonaldisation, Masala McGospel and Om Economics: Televangelism in Contemporary India: Jonathan D James: 9788132104735". sagepub.com. Archived from the original on 19 April 2014. Retrieved 19 April 2014.
• "SAGE: McDonaldisation, Masala McGospel and Om Economics: Televangelism in Contemporary India: Jonathan D James: 9788132104735". uk.sagepub.com. Retrieved 19 April 2014.