Museum of Tolerance Jerusalem

The Museum of Tolerance Jerusalem (Hebrew: מוזיאון הסובלנות ירושלים‎) is the Simon Wiesenthal Center-planned Museum of Tolerance at the center of West Jerusalem between Zion Square and the neighborhood of Mamilla. The project was re-designed on a more modest scale than originally planned. The construction started in 2004, where Governor of California Arnold Schwarzenegger was invited to break ground on 30 April,[1] and is still continuing in 2019. The three-acre, 185,000 square foot campus is scheduled to open in 2021.

Museum of Tolerance Jerusalem
מוזיאון הסובלנות ירושלים
The Museum of Tolerance in Jerusalem under construction in 2014. The surviving graves of Mamilla Cemetery can be clearly seen adjacent to the construction site, at the bottom of the picture.
LocationJerusalem, Israel
FounderSimon Wiesenthal Center
WebsiteWebsite

The completed project will include two main museum exhibitions, a children's museum, conference center, a 500-seat banquet hall, an 800-seat lecture hall, a 1,000-seat outdoor amphitheater, two viewing theaters, as well as other accommodations and exhibits.

Design

The first design for the Center was originally designed by Frank Gehry,[2] was to include a museum, a theater, a conference hall, a library, and an educational center. The design of the Center had been seen as unique for Israel and, as such, has been met with many opponents and proponents.

The center was subsequently designed, on a more modest scale, by the Yigal Levy architects' office in Jerusalem in cooperation with the Aedas British-Singapore architectural firm

Building

Those who are in favor of the Center, including former Jerusalem mayor Uri Lupolianski, maintain that it will bring tourists to the city, while its opponents (excluding the Muslim gravesite objection) argue that it will stand out and draw attention away from the traditional architecture of neighboring streets and that of the city in general. Former deputy mayor of Jerusalem Meron Benvenisti has said that the museum's "geometric forms that can't be any more dissonant to the environment in which it is planned to put this alien object."[3]

Location controversy
Main article: Mamilla Cemetery § Museum of Tolerance controversy

The museum's building on a part of the ground of what was once the corner of a Muslim cemetery, but which since the 1960s has been a parking lot, faced criticism from some Israeli and American Jews.[4] The Mamilla Cemetery, of which a part of the project will be built over, contains the graves of Islamic figures, as well as several Mamluk tombs.[5] The SWC asserts that the cemetery was long ago deconsecrated by Islamic leaders, and that secular Arab leaders prior to the creation of the State of Israel had planned various development projects there.[6]

After controversy concerning its location on part of the land of a burial site came to head, its construction was frozen by a Supreme Court order issued in February 2006.[7] In November 2008, the Israeli Supreme Court decided to allow construction to proceed, noting that this corner of the cemetery had been transformed into a parking lot[8] "as long ago as the 1960s" and that Jerusalem has been inhabited for roughly 4,000 years, and many ancient sites have been built over.[9]

Construction had been stayed several times by the courts before allowing it to continue.[10][11] In autumn 2008, the Israeli Supreme Court cleared the way for the project.[12] The Muslim groups who initiated the legal action which resulted in the Supreme Court order to freeze all construction had been undergoing mediation with representatives of the Center. Former Supreme Court president Meir Shamgar served as the mediator.[7]

References
  1. "Schwarzenegger, in Israel, Pays Tribute to Holocaust Victims". Haaretz. 30 April 2004.
  2. "Frank Gehry steps down from Museum of Tolerance project", Haaretz, Jan. 15, 2010
  3. Meron Benvenisti, “A Museum of Tolerance in a City of Fanatics,” Haaretz Dec 5, 2002
  4. "Gerson Baskin, Encountering Peace: A city of tolerance, not a Museum of Tolerance, Jerusalem Post, Nov. 4, 2008" Archived November 13, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  5. Asem Khalidi (Spring 2009). "The Mamilla Cemetery: A Buried History". Jerusalem Quarterly. 37.
  6. Gil Zohar and Gail Lichtman (February 21, 2008). "Jerusalem deconstructed". Jerusalem Post.
  7. "Supreme Court freezes construction of Tolerance Museum", Walla!, February 23, 2006 (in Hebrew)
  8. Kershner, Isabel (2010-02-10). "Museum Creates New Jerusalem Divide". New York Times. Retrieved 18 June 2017.
  9. "SWC Press Release"
  10. Hadassah on Museum of tolerance Archived 2009-09-16 at the Wayback Machine
  11. Zandberg on lack of transparency
  12. "Israeli court OKs Museum of Tolerance's controversial branch", Los Angeles Times, October 29, 2008

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