Néel temperature

The Néel temperature or magnetic ordering temperature, T_N, is the temperature above which an antiferromagnetic material becomes paramagnetic—that is, the thermal energy becomes large enough to destroy the microscopic magnetic ordering within the material.[1]

The Néel temperature is analogous to the Curie temperature, T_C, for ferromagnetic materials. It is named after Louis Néel (1904–2000), who received the 1970 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work in the area.

Listed below are the Néel temperatures of several materials:[2]

Substance	Néel temperature (K)
MnO	116
MnS	160
MnTe	307
MnF₂	67
FeF₂	79
FeCl₂	24
FeI₂	9
FeO	198
FeOCl	80
CrCl₂	25
CrI₂	12
CoO	291
NiCl₂	50
NiI₂	75
NiO	525
KFeO₂	983[3]
Cr	308
Cr₂O₃	307
Nd₅Ge₃	50

References

Spaldin, Nicola A. (2006). Magnetic materials : fundamentals and device applications (Repr. ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. pp. 89–106. ISBN 9780521016582.
Kittel, Charles (2005). Introduction to Solid State Physics (8th ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-41526-8.
Ichida, Toshio (1973). "Mössbauer Study of the Thermal Decomposition Products of K2FeO4". Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan. 46 (1): 79–82. doi:10.1246/bcsj.46.79.

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[spaldin-1] Spaldin, Nicola A. (2006). Magnetic materials : fundamentals and device applications (Repr. ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. pp. 89–106. ISBN 9780521016582.

[2] Kittel, Charles (2005). Introduction to Solid State Physics (8th ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-41526-8.

[3] Ichida, Toshio (1973). "Mössbauer Study of the Thermal Decomposition Products of K2FeO4". Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan. 46 (1): 79–82. doi:10.1246/bcsj.46.79.