Nathaniel Oglesby Calloway

Calloway was born on October 10, 1907 in Tuskegee, Alabama.[3] He was one of five children born to his father James N Calloway, who was a former slave and his mother Marietta Oglesby. His father graduated from Fisk University in Nashville, Tennessee when he was 30 years old. Additionally, he was an associate of Booker T. Washington. His father also served in Africa for the German government as an industrial colonizer.[4] In his childhood days he spent time with George Washington Carver, who was a well-known soil chemist and also a faculty member at Tuskegee Institute now named Tuskegee University.[5]

Calloway's early education of elementary and high school was conducted in Tuskegee, Alabama. In 1926 he enrolled at Iowa State University. He studied at Iowa State University and completed his B.S in 1930. Three years later he became the first African American to earn his Ph.D. in Organic Chemistry. Henry Gillman was Calloway's Ph.D. advisor at Iowa State University. He was one of the few African American chemistry majors Gillman helped obtain their doctorates at ISU. Once he received his doctorates he led the department of chemistry at Tuskegee Institute from 1933 to 1935. Following in his father's foot steps, he managed to become apart of Fisk University’s Chemistry Department. He taught in Fisk University's chemistry department until 1940.[6] Dr. Calloway continued his passion for knowledge and discovery and earned his M.D. degree from the University of Chicago in 1943. Calloway served as an assistant professor at the University of Illinois Medical School and worked as a practicing physician. Dr. Calloway served as a lieutenant in the United States Army Medical Corps during World War II. In 1946, he published approximately 17 papers and had four more in process. His research was in chemistry, pharmacology and internal medicine. In 1947, Calloway rose from assistant to senior professor at University of Illinois Medical School. In 1950, he became the Assistant Chief of Medicine at Percy Jones Army Hospital and was promoted to major. In the late 1950s, he taught at the University of Wisconsin, Madison.

Author, Chemist, Physician, Scientist, and Civil Rights Activist, he was a pioneer in the field of chemistry. Calloway was an organic chemist, physician, military officer, and educator. Immediately after getting his Ph. D., Calloway became head of the chemistry department at the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama.[7] Calloway was also a professor at the University of Illinois Medical School and wrote more than 30 scientific articles and publications in scientific journals.[8] He served as a medical director of Provident Hospital in Chicago until 1949, and then founded the Medical Associates Clinic of Chicago.[9] Later, Calloway became the chief of medical services for Veterans Administration Hospital in Tomah, Wisconsin.[2]In 1950 the Wisconsin State Medical Examining Board brought charges against him related to a prescription drug scandal involving his medical practice in Madison. He beat the charges and In 1958, Dr. Calloway opened a group medical practice in Chicago. He became Chief of the Medical Staff at the Tomah Wisconsin Veterans Administration Hospital in 1963. He then opened a private practice in Madison in 1966.

Calloway studied synthetic organic chemistry, a branch of chemistry that focuses on compounds that contain the element carbon. He also had a passion for writing Calloway published several peer-reviewed articles in top chemistry journals such as the Journal of the American Chemical Society.

8. http://hbcuconnections.iastatedigital.org/Nathaniel_O._Calloway 9. https://oxfordaasc.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195301731.001.0001/acref-9780195301731-e-36360