National Centre for Disease Control

National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC; previously known as National Institute of Communicable Diseases) is an institute under the Indian Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. It was established in July 1963 for research in epidemiology and control of communicable diseases and to reorganize the activities of the Malaria Institute of India (MII). Currently it has eight branches at Alwar, Bengaluru, Trivandrum, Calicut, Coonoor, Jagdalpur, Patna, Rajahmundry and Varanasi to advise the respective state governments on public health. The headquarters are in Sham Nath Marg in New Delhi.

National Centre for Disease Control
Agency overview
Formed1909 (1909)
Preceding agencies
  • National Institute of Communicable Diseases (NICD) (1963-2008)
  • Central Malaria Bureau (1909 - 1963)
JurisdictionIndia
HeadquartersNew Delhi
Annual budget₹2000 crores ($270 million) (2017-18)
Ministers responsible
Agency executive
  • Dr Sujeet Kumar Singh, Director
Parent agencyMinistry of Health and Family Welfare
Websitencdc.gov.in

History
Director S.P. Ramakrishnan at the sign for the newly renamed Central Institute for Communicable Diseases (ca. 1964). Credit: Wellcome Institute

The origin of NCDC can be traced back to Central Malaria Bureau, which was established at Kasauli, Himachal Pradesh, India in 1909. It was renamed as the Malaria Institute of India in 1938 and in 1963 renamed as the NICD.[1]

The reorganized Institute was established to develop a national centre for teaching and research in various disciplines of epidemiology and control of communicable diseases. The Institute was envisaged to act as a centre par excellence for providing multi disciplinary and integrated expertise in the control of communicable disease. The Institute was also entrusted the task of developing reliable rapid economic epidemiological tools which could be effectively applied in the field for the control of communicable diseases. The objectives of the Institute broadly cover three activities - training, service and operational research in the field of communicable diseases and their prevention and control in the country. The centre is under affiliation with Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi.

The Centre for AIDS & Related Diseases was established at National Institute of Communicable Diseases (NICD) as a National Reference Laboratory as per NACO guidelines in the year 2002. Prior to this it had existed as AIDS Reference Laboratory since 1985, one of the first reference centers in India, which started surveillance of HIV infection in the country.

On 30 July 2009, it was named as National Centre for Disease Control.

Divisions

NCDC has fourteen technical centres/divisions under it namely

Operations

NCDC has a staff of 434 officers and officials.[2]

Activities

Doctors from NCDC had been previously summoned to investigate potential outbreaks of diseases including suspected cases of Pneumonic plague in Punjab in 2002,[3] SARS outbreaks in 2004,[4] meningitis outbreak in Delhi in 2005, and avian influenza in 2006, and have reviewed preparedness for coronavirus in 2019–2020.[5][6]

Global Disease Detection

The NCDC in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has set up the Global Disease Detection (GDD) Regional Center in New Delhi, India. This will lead to long-term public health collaboration between the Government of India and the United States in many areas including establishing high quality research and surveillance on important human infectious diseases, establishing the Indian EIS (Epidemiological Intelligence System) program, and developing the NCDC as an international nodal agency in South Asia.

See also

References
  1. Singal, Manish Kumar (17 November 204). "IN FOCUS: Shaping health experts and aiding research". Tribune India. Archived from the original on 30 August 2017. Retrieved 29 January 2020.
  2. "India National Centre for Disease Control". International Association of National Public Health Institutes. Retrieved 28 January 2020.
  3. Sethi, Chitleen K. (18 February 2002). "Tests point to plague - One more death takes toll to four". Tribune India. Retrieved 29 January 2020.
  4. Sunderarajan, P. (5 April 2003). "SARS scare: two scientists sent to Bhopal". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 29 January 2020.
  5. ANI (27 January 2020). "NCDC reviews preparedness regarding coronavirus in RML hospital". Business Standard India. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
  6. Sharma, Neetu Chandra (25 January 2020). "11 people under observation for coronavirus, PMO holds high-level meeting". Livemint. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
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