Nikolay Murashko

Nikolay Ivanovich Murashko (Russian: Никола́й Ива́нович Мура́шко, Nikolai Ivanovich Murashko; Ukrainian: Микола Іванович Мурашко, Mykola Ivanovych Murashko; 20 May 1844, Glukhov, Chernigov Governorate, Russian Empire – 22 September 1909, Bucha, Kiev Governorate, Russian Empire) was a Ukrainian-born Russian[1][2][3][4][5][6] Imperial painter, art teacher, art critic and art historian, who belonged to promoters of the Russian movement of Peredvizhniki; he was a student and successor of painter Adrian Prakhov at the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts, the founder and the first director of his own private drawing school in Kiev and memoirist.

Nikolay Murashko
Portrait by Ilya Repin

Murashko was one of the best friends of Russian painter Ilya Repin.[7][6] His nephew Aleksandr Murashko was an artist and one of the first members of the National Academy of Arts of Ukraine.

Biography

His father was an icon carver of Ukrainian descent.[8][9] From an early age he showed an interest in art; copying pictures from books. In 1858, the family moved to Kiev. Five years later, Ivan Soshenko, a teacher at the gymnasium, recommended that he pursue training in art. That same year, he began auditing classes at the Imperial Academy of Arts in Saint Petersburg.[10]

Illness prevented him from completing his course of study and he settled in Voronezh, but continued to send works to the Academy. On this basis, he was certified as an art teacher and began his career in a local primary school in 1868. In 1879, the Academy named him an "Artist, 3rd Degree".[10]

Nikolay Murashko - Ukrainian Landscape (1896)

Over the years, he taught in several schools at different levels. From 1875 to 1901, he operated his own drawing school in Kiev which was supported by many well known artists; notably Ilya Repin, a friend from the Academy. Among those who attended the school were Valentin Serov, Khariton Platonov, Ivan Seleznyov, Konstantin Kryzhitsky, Mykola Pymonenko and Sergey Kostenko.[10] On his initiative, Kiev put on an annual art exhibition, beginning in 1877.

In the meantime, he produced numerous landscapes, many of which were purchased for the museum at the Academy. He also painted a few portraits and illustrated the first edition of Hans Christian Andersen's tales in the Imperial Russia.

Teaching, however, was always his priority and his students were given individual attention. In addition, he made numerous trips to Vienna, Paris, Rome and other notable art centers to study the latest teaching methods and wrote articles for a variety of local and national periodicals.[10]

After the school closed, he retired to the village of Bucha and began to write "Memoirs of an Old Master". Two parts were published, but the book was never finished, due to illness.

Nikolay Murashko
Portrait by Ilya Repin (1866)

References
  1. Воспоминанія стараго учителя (PDF). Кыевъ: Кіевская Рисовальная Школа/Типографія С. В. Кульженко. 1907. pp. 7–10, 21, 144.
  2. Leek, Peter (2015-09-15). Russian Painting. Parkstone International. p. 178. ISBN 978-1-78310-750-6. In 1877 he [V. A. Serov] studied at Nikolaï Murashko’s private drawing school in Kiev.
  3. Jackson, David; Repin, Il'i͡a Efimovich (2006). The Russian Vision: The Art of Ilya Repin. BAI. p. 34. ISBN 978-90-8586-001-3.CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  4. Vzdornov, Gerolʹd Ivanovich, (2017). Sollins, Marybeth (ed.). The history of the discovery and study of Russian medieval painting. Russian History and Culture, v 18. Translated by Dereviagin, Valerii G. Boston: Brill. p. 183. ISBN 90-04-30527-0. OCLC 987615878. Together with Vrubel’, professional icon painters and pupils of the Kiev painter N. I. Murashko worked in the St. Cyril church.CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  5. Кондаков, С. Н. Список русских художников (in Russian). Moskva: Рипол Классик. p. 134. ISBN 978-5-458-06879-6. Завѣдывалъ Кіевской рисовальной школой.
  6. Parker, Fan; Parker, Stephen Jan (1908). Russia on canvas : Ilya Repin. Internet Archive. University Park : Pennsylvania State University Press (published 1980). pp. 47, 150. ISBN 978-0-271-00252-1. [47] Repin was visited by an old school friend from Academy days, Nikolay Murashko, then directs of the Kiev Art school, and in a mood of ebullience painted his portrait. [150] Murashko, N. I. (1844–1909). Ukrainian painter. Studied at the Academy of Art. In 1875 he founded the Kiev Art School where he taught for twenty-six years.
  7. Gallerix. "Valentin Aleksandrovich Serov (1865-1911)". Gallerix.ru. Retrieved 2021-01-27.
  8. Milner, John (1993). A Dictionary of Russian and Soviet Artists, 1420-1970. Antique Collectors' Club. ISBN 978-1-85149-182-7.
  9. "Художник: Мурашко, Николай Иванович". www3.ru. Retrieved 2021-01-27.
  10. "Вірт.вист.: Микола Іванович Мурашко - Хмельницька ОУНБ". www.ounb.km.ua. Retrieved 2021-01-27.

Further reading

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