Nitrospinae

Nitrospinae is a bacterial phylum. Despite only few described species, members of this phylum are major nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in surface waters in oceans. By oxidation of nitrite to nitrate they are important in the process of nitrification in marine environments.[1]

Nitrospinae
Scientific classification
Domain:
Bacteria
Phylum:
Nitrospinae

Lücker et al. 2013
Class:
Nitrospinia
Order:
Nitrospinales
Family:
Nitrospinaceae
Genera

Nitrospina

Although genus Nitrospina is aerobic bacterium, it was shown to oxidize nitrite also in oxygen minimum zone of the ocean. Depletion of oxygen in such zones leads to preference of anaerobic processes such as denitrification and nitrogen loss through anammox. Nitrospina thus outweight nitrogen loss by nitrification also in these oxzygen depleted zones.[2][3]

Among the species described within the phylum is Nitrospina gracilis.[1] Further genomes were resolved by culture-independent metagenome binning.[3]

References
  1. Lücker S, Nowka B, Rattei T, Spieck E, Daims H (2013). "The Genome of Nitrospina gracilis Illuminates the Metabolism and Evolution of the Major Marine Nitrite Oxidizer". Frontiers in Microbiology. 4: 27. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2013.00027. PMC 3578206. PMID 23439773.
  2. Beman JM, Leilei Shih J, Popp BN (November 2013). "Nitrite oxidation in the upper water column and oxygen minimum zone of the eastern tropical North Pacific Ocean". The ISME Journal. 7 (11): 2192–205. doi:10.1038/ismej.2013.96. PMC 3806268. PMID 23804152.
  3. Sun X, Kop LF, Lau MC, Frank J, Jayakumar A, Lücker S, Ward BB (October 2019). "Uncultured Nitrospina-like species are major nitrite oxidizing bacteria in oxygen minimum zones". The ISME Journal. 13 (10): 2391–2402. doi:10.1038/s41396-019-0443-7. PMC 6776041. PMID 31118472.
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