Nord 3.606 to 3.787

Nord 3.606 to 3.787 were 0-6-0 locomotives for mixed traffic of the Chemins de Fer du Nord. The machines were the continuation of the Nord 265 to 274 (3.265–3.274) Mammouth locomotives of 1849, and hence were also referred to by the same nickname. They were retired from service from 1910 until end of 1930.[1]

Nord 3.606 to 3.787
Type and origin
Power typeSteam
Build date1860–1882
Total produced182
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • Whyte0-6-0
 • UICC n2
Gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in)
Driver dia.1,425 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄8 in)
Wheelbase
  • 3.641–3.662: 3.32 m (10 ft 10 3⁄4 in)
  • 3.663–3.697: 3.60 m (11 ft 9 3⁄4 in)
  • 3.600/3.700: 3.60 m (11 ft 9 3⁄4 in)
Length
  • 3.641–3.662: 7.9 m (25 ft 11 in)
  • 3.663–3.697: 7.82 m (25 ft 8 in)
  • 3.600/3.700: 8.07 m (26 ft 6 in)
Loco weight
  • 3.641–3.662: 26.6 t (58,600 lb)
  • 3.663–3.697: 27.2 t (60,000 lb)
  • 3.600/3.700: 28–29 t (61,700–63,900 lb)
Fuel typeCoal
Firebox type
 • Firegrate area
  • 3.641–3.697: 1.35 m2 (14.5 sq ft)
  • 3.600/3.700: 1.63 m2 (17.5 sq ft)
Boiler pressure
  • 3.641–3.697: 8.5 kg/cm2 (0.834 MPa; 121 psi)
  • 3.600/3.700: 10 kg/cm2 (0.981 MPa; 142 psi)
Heating surface
  • 3.641–3.662: 80.5 m2 (866 sq ft)
  • 3.663–3.697: 83 m2 (890 sq ft)
  • 3.600/3.700: 85 m2 (910 sq ft)
CylindersTwo, inside
Cylinder size
  • 3.641–3.662: 380 mm × 610 mm (14 15⁄16 in × 24 in)
  • 3.663–3.697: 400 mm × 610 mm (15 3⁄4 in × 24 in)
  • 3.600/3.700: 400 mm × 610 mm (15 3⁄4 in × 24 in)
Valve gearStephenson
Career
OperatorsChemins de Fer du Nord
NumbersNord: 3.606 – 3.787
NicknamesMammouth

Construction history

The first series, Nord 3.621–3.660, dated back to 1860.[1] Regarding the dimensions and disposition of the frame and drivetrain it was derived from the preceding Nord 265 to 274 Mammouth locomotives of 1849. Contrary to the 1849 type the machines were fitted with a Crampton-type boiler and firebox. The firebox extended over the rear driving axle and the boiler consisted of three shells. A Crampton steam regulator was mounted at the front and the steam pipes were routed down to the cylinders on the outside of the boiler. The two cylinders were mounted inside the frame in an inclined position and had a Stephenson valve gear. The machines weighed 26.6 t (58,600 lb) and had a tractive effort of 4,017 kg (8,860 lb). They were coupled with two-axle tenders, holding 7 m3 (247 cu ft) of water and 3 t (6,610 lb) of coal, and weighing 19 t (41,900 lb).[2]

The type of 1861 had a boiler pressure of 8.5 kg/cm2 (0.834 MPa; 121 psi) and increased the maximum tractive effort of 5,254 kg (11,600 lb).[2] The next type in 1861–1863 had an increased cylinder size of 380 mm × 610 mm (14 15⁄16 in × 24 in) which yielded another increase in tractive effort to 5,821 kg (12,800 lb).[2]

The next series, Nord 3.663–3.697, was put into service in 1866–1867. It also had cylinders of 380 mm (14 15⁄16 in) and weighed 27 t (59,500 lb).[2]

The machines of the next series, Nord 3.698–3.747, had an increased power output.[2] They were built in 1875–1878 and had a Belpaire firebox and boiler with the dome on the rear boiler shell. The leaf spring of the rear axle suspension had been moved down below the firebox and the cylinder size increased to 400 mm (15 3⁄4 in)[2]

The newer locomotives had an increased boiler pressure of 9 kg/cm2 (0.883 MPa; 128 psi), and on major overhauls also the older machines were brought to this standard.[3][4]

The last series, built in 1882 and comprising Nord 3.606–3.620 and Nord 3.748–3.787, was built with vacuum brake and cab.[2] The machines had a boiler pressure of 10 kg/cm2 (0.981 MPa; 142 psi) and a tractive effort of 6,849 kg (15,100 lb).

In 1880 four locomotives, Nord 3.621, 3.630, 3.634 and 3.639, were transformed to tank-locomotives for tram service.[5]

Table of orders and numbers[6]
BatchYearQuantityPre-1872 No.Post-1872 No.ManufacturerSerial numbersNotes
1186020340–3593.640, 3.621–3.639Graffenstaden51–70four rebuilt as tank engines in 1880
2186110541–5503.641–3.650Graffenstaden95–104Most retired by 1907
3186212651–6623.651–3.662Graffenstaden219–230Most retired by 1907
418667663–6693.663–3.669Schneider et Cie921–927Most retired by 1907
4186616670–6853.670–3.685Schneider et Cie954–969Most retired by 1907
4186712686–6973.686–3.697Schneider et Cie1015–1026Most retired by 1907
5187510—3.698–3.707Schneider et Cie1731–1740
5187510—3.708–3.717Schneider et Cie1771–1780
5187615—3.718–3.732Schneider et Cie1838–1852
5187815—3.733–3.747Schneider et Cie1907–1921
6188215—3.748–3.762SACM-Mulhouse3138–3152
7188210—3.763–3.772Schneider et Cie2112–2121
7188215—3.773–3.787SACM-Mulhouse3214–3228
818828—3.606–3.613SACM-Mulhouse3230–3237renumbered 3.683–3.690 in 1911
818837—3.614–3.620SACM-Mulhouse3238–3244renumbered 3.691–3.697 in 1911

Service history

The locomotives were used for mixed service on the main lines of the Chemins de Fer du Nord, as well as on less important lines, and later were used for local passenger trains, mixed service, freight trains and shunting.[5] The last locomotives in service, the Nord 3.685, 3.714, 3.718, 3.732, 3.745 and 3.774, were removed from service with 30 December 1930.[5]

References
  1. Vilain (1977), pp. 128–132, 148.
  2. Vilain (1977), p. 129.
  3. Deghilage (1882), pp. 407–408.
  4. Demoulin (1898), pp. 108–109.
  5. Vilain (1977), pp. 130–132.
  6. Davies (1977), pp. 71–74.

Bibliography
  • Vilain, Lucien-Maurice (1977). Dix décennies de locomotives sur le réseau du Nord : 1845-1948 (in French). Editions Picador. ISBN 2-902653-01-8.
  • Deghilage (6 December 1882). "Note sur les locomotives construites pour les Chemins de fer français, De 1878 à 1881 - Deuxième partie - Locomotives a 6 roues accouplées". Revue générale des chemins de fer (in French). Paris: P. Vicq-Dunod. 5, 2e Semestre: 403–425. OCLC 6536095.
  • Demoulin, Maurice (1898). Traité pratique de la machine locomotive (in French). 1. Baudry et Cie.
  • Davies, John (January 1997). Chemins de fer du Nord Locomotive List 1842–1938. Sunnybank, Queensland: Dr. John Davies. ISBN 0-646-30938-2.
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