Oranga Tamariki Act 1989

The Oranga Tamariki Act 1989 or Children’s and Young People’s Well-being Act 1989 (titled the Children, Young Persons, and Their Families Act 1989 prior to 14 July 2017) is an Act of the New Zealand Parliament, passed in 1989. The Act provided for the care and protection of children as well as youth justice. Considered to be groundbreaking legislation at the time, the Act introduced the Family Group Conference (FGC) as a means of making decisions about a child or young person that did not involve a Court Hearing. The Act set out procedures for the removal of abused children from their parent's care, making the best interests of the child the first consideration. It also set out procedures for dealing with youth offenders, making arrest and imprisonment interventions of last resort. Although Police initially feared those restrictive provisions on their powers would cause problems, practical experience has not borne out those fears. The Act also provided for a Commissioner for Children.

Oranga Tamariki Act 1989 Children’s and Young People’s Well-being Act 1989
New Zealand Parliament
Long title An Act to reform the law relating to children and young persons who are in need of care or protection or who offend against the law and, in particular,— (a) To advance the wellbeing of families and the wellbeing of children and young persons as members of families, whanau, hapu, iwi, and family groups: (b) To make provision for families, whanau, hapu, iwi, and family groups to receive assistance in caring for their children and young persons: (c) To make provision for matters relating to children and young persons who are in need of care or protection or who have offended against the law to be resolved, wherever possible, by their own family, whanau, hapu, iwi, or family group: (d) [Repealed] (e) To repeal the Children and Young Persons Act 1974
Royal assent	27 May 1989
Administered by	Ministry of Social Development
Related legislation
Children's Commissioner Act 2003
Status: Current legislation

When the Children, Young Persons and Their Families Act 1989 was introduced it was seen to be world-leading child welfare legislation. The Act impacts on the lives of thousands of children, young people and their families. The Act introduced major changes to the way decisions were made about children and young people who were victims of abuse and neglect or who broke the law, and placed New Zealand at the forefront of international legislative best practice.

The Act determines how the state intervenes to protect children from abuse and neglect, and to prevent and address child and youth offending. It represents how well our society cares for and supports our children and young people. The Act introduced principles that changed the way decisions were made about children and young people, enabling family to become partners in the decision-making process to resolve family issues.[1]

Fundamental to the Act was the incorporation and inclusion of families throughout the process of making decisions in matters of care and protection of children and young people, and offending by young people. This was most clearly reflected in the extensive use of Family Group Conferences as the preferred method of operation, and in the use and involvement of family in meeting the needs of children and young people who had offended and/or who were the subject of care and protection actions. Generally, it was expected that families would provide for their members and solutions were to be sought within the family.[2]

The Children, Young Persons, and Their Families Act 1989 is one of the most significant pieces of social-service reform of the Fourth Labor Government of New Zealand: it repealed the Children and Young Persons Act 1974 which was legalized by the Third Labor Government of New Zealand.[3]

The act was modified by the Children's Commissioner Act 2003, which implemented the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, mainly by increasing the role of the Children's Commissioner (New Zealand).

In April 2007, the Ministry of Social Development called for submissions on a discussion document reviewing how the Act was working, with a view to making improvements.