Organization of United States Naval Aviation Units in the Gulf War

The United States Navy sent their naval forces in the Red Sea and Persian Gulf including six Aircraft Carriers to take part in Operation Desert Storm, including others that arrived before or after the war started and ended (as part of Operation Southern Watch).[1]

Units in Operation Desert Shield

Before Operation Desert Storm, the US Navy helped with the buildup of forces in the Middle East. Both Independence and Dwight D. Eisenhower didn't take part in the actual conflict.

USS Independence CV-62 at sea.

Battle Group Delta[2]* (Relieved by USS Midway on November 1 1990)[3] - Persian Gulf
Carrier Air Wing 14 - Tail Code: NK[5]
Squadron Aircraft Notes
VF-21 Free Lancers F-14A Tomcat
VF-154 Black Knights F-14A Tomcat
VFA-25 Fist of the Fleet F/A-18C Hornet
VFA-113 Stingers F/A-18C Hornet
VA-196 Main Battery A-6E TRAM Intruder/KA-6D Intruder
VAQ-139 Cougars EA-6B Prowler
VS-37 Sawbucks S-3A Viking
VAW-113 Black Eagles E-2C Hawkeye
HS-8 Eightballers SH-3H Sea King

USS Dwight D. Eisenhower CVN-69 (August 8 to 24th)[6] - Persian Gulf
Carrier Air Wing 7 - Tail Code: AG[7]
Squadron Aircraft Notes
VF-142 Ghostriders F-14A+ Tomcat F-14A+ renamed F-14B in 1992.
VF-143 Pukin' Dogs F-14A+ Tomcat F-14A+ renamed F-14B in 1992.
VFA-136 Knight Hawks F/A-18A Hornet
VFA-131 Wildcats F/A-18A Hornet
VA-34 Blue Blasters A-6E TRAM Intruder/KA-6D Intruder
VAQ-140 Patriots EA-6B Prowler
VS-31 Topcats S-3B Viking
VAW-121 Bluetails E-2C Hawkeye
HS-5 Night Dippers SH-3H Sea King

Units in Operation Desert Storm
Aircraft Carriers USS Theodore Roosevelt (top right), Midway (top left), Ranger (bottom left) and America (bottom right), as part of Battle Force Zulu in the Persian Gulf. Midway was the flagship of Battle Force Zulu.

Battle Group Alfa[8] (October 2, 1990 to April 17, 1991 - Persian Gulf)

Unlike the other carriers in the Gulf War, USS Midway couldn't carry the S-3 Viking or the F-14 Tomcat due to her size constraints meaning the ship instead had three F/A-18 squadrons.

Carrier Air Wing 5 - Tail Code: NF[10]
Squadron Aircraft Notes
VFA-151 Vigilantes F/A-18A Hornet
VFA-192 Golden Dragons F/A-18A Hornet
VFA-195 Dambusters F/A-18A Hornet First F/A-18 Hornet squadron to deploy the AGM-62 Walleye II.[11]
VA-115 Eagles A-6E TRAM Intruder/KA-6D Intruder
VA-185 Nighthawks A-6E TRAM Intruder/KA-6D Intruder VA-185 led the first naval strikes.

It was decommissioned on August 30 1991.[12]

VAQ-136 Gauntlets EA-6B Prowler
VAW-115 Liberty Bells E-2C Hawkeye
HS-12 Wyverns SH-3H Sea King
USS Bunker Hill CG-52
Squadron Aircraft Notes
HSL-47 Saberhawks

Det. A/B

 SH-60B Seahawk[13] Detachment A from January till February 10

Detachment B for the remainder of the war.[14]

Saratoga Carrier Battlegroup (August 7, 1990 to March 28, 1991) - Red Sea
Carrier Air Wing 17 - Tail Code: AA[15]
Squadron Aircraft Notes
VF-74 Be-Devilers F-14A+ Tomcat F-14A+ renamed F-14B in 1992.
VF-103 Sluggers F-14A+ Tomcat F-14A+ renamed F-14B in 1992.
VFA-81 Sunliners F/A-18C Hornet Scored first Navy air to air kills in Gulf War (2 F-7B Fishbeds - PRC copy of MiG-21).[16][17]
VFA-83 Rampagers F/A-18C Hornet
VA-35 Black Panthers A-6E TRAM Intruder/KA-6D Intruder
VAQ-132 Scorpions EA-6B Prowler
VS-30 Diamondheads S-3B Viking
VAW-125 Tigertails/Torchbearers E-2C Hawkeye
HS-3 Tridents SH-3H Sea King

USS Ranger CV-61 (December 8, 1990 - June 8 1991)

USS Ranger had a very different air wing compared to most carriers in the Gulf War as it was in the 'Grumman Air Wing' format. This meant it didn't have the F/A-18 or A-7E Corsair, which were the 2 different light attack aircraft launched used on many of the carriers, replacing them with 2 A-6E intruder squadrons.[18]

Carrier Air Wing 2 - Tail Code: NE[19]
Squadron Aircraft Notes
VF-1 Wolfpack F-14A Tomcat Scored last Navy air to air kill (Mi-8 Helicopter)[20]
VF-2 Bounty Hunters F-14A Tomcat
VA-145 Swordsmen A-6E SWIP/TRAM Intruder[21] SWIP improvement was an avionics upgrade to A-6E TRAMs.[21]
VA-155 Silver Foxes A-6E TRAM Intruder
VAQ-131 Lancers EA-6B Prowler
VS-38 Red Griffins S-3A Viking
VAW-116 Sun Kings E-2C Hawkeye
HS-14 Chargers SH-3H Sea King
VRC-30 Providers Detachment 61 C-2A Greyhound
VRC-50 Foo Dogs Detachment C-2A Greyhound Deployed aboard USS Ranger when the carrier in the area of responsibility of the 7th Fleet.[19]

USS America CV-66 (December 28, 1990 - April 18, 1991) - Red Sea (Later Persian Gulf)

USS America crossed through the Suez Canal on January 15 1991, the same day the UN deadline for Iraq leaving Kuwait ended.

At daylight on January 19 1991 (2 days after the first night), CVW-1 conducted their first strikes against Iraq. [22]

Carrier Air Wing 1 - Tail Code: AB[23]
Squadron Aircraft Notes
VF-33 Starfighters F-14A Tomcat
VF-102 Diamondbacks F-14A Tomcat
VFA-82 Marauders F/A-18C Hornet
VFA-86 Sidewinders F/A-18C Hornet
VA-85 Black Falcons A-6E TRAM Intruder/KA-6D Intruder
VAQ-137 Rooks EA-6B Prowler
VS-32 Maulers S-3B Viking
VAW-123 Screwtops E-2C Hawkeye
HS-11 Dragon Slayers SH-3H Sea King

USS John F. Kennedy CV-67 (August 15, 1990 - March 28, 1991) - Red Sea[24]
Carrier Air Wing 3 - Tail Code: AC
Squadron Aircraft Notes
VF-14 Tophatters F-14A Tomcat
VF-32 Swordsmen F-14A Tomcat
VA-46 Clansmen A-7E Corsair Last war for the A-7 Corsair.
VA-72 Blue Hawks A-7E Corsair Last war for the A-7 Corsair.
VA-75 Sunday Punchers A-6E SWIP/TRAM Intruder/KA-6D Intruder[21] SWIP improvement was an avionics upgrade to A-6E TRAMs.[21]
VAQ-130 Zappers EA-6B Prowler
VS-22 Checkmates S-3B Viking
VAW-126 Seahawks E-2C Hawkeye
HS-7 Dusty Dogs SH-3H Sea King

USS Theodore Roosevelt CVN-71 (December 28, 1990 - June 28, 1991) - Persian Gulf (Later Red Sea)

USS Theodore Roosevelt launched her first strikes two days after the first night on the morning of January 19 1991.[25]

Two F/A-18As from VFA-87 about to refuel from an A-6E from VA-36 during Desert Storm in 1991.
Carrier Air Wing 8 - Tail Code: AJ[26]
Squadron Aircraft Notes
VF-41 Black Aces F-14A Tomcat
VF-84 Jolly Rogers F-14A Tomcat
VFA-15 Valions F/A-18A Hornet
VFA-87 Golden Warriors F/A-18A Hornet
VA-36 Roadrunners A-6E TRAM Intruder
VA-65 Tigers A-6E TRAM Intruder This was VA-65's last deployment before retirement in 1993.[26]
VAQ-141 Shadowhawks EA-6B Prowler
VS-24 Scouts S-3B Viking
VAW-124 Bear Aces E-2C Hawkeye
HS-9 Sea Griffins SH-3H Sea King
VRC-40 Rawhides Detachment D C-2A Greyhounds

Units in Operation Southern Watch (1992-2003)

USS Forrestal CV-59

This was USS Forrestal's last deployment.

Carrier Air Wing 6 - Tail Code: AE[27]
May 30, 1991 - December 21, 1991
Squadron Aircraft Notes
VF-11 Red Rippers F-14A Tomcat Moved to CVW-14
VF-31 Tomcatters F-14A Tomcat Moved to CVW-14
VFA-132 Privateers F/A-18A Hornet Disestablished Jun 1, 1992
VFA-137 Kestrels F/A-18A Hornet Moved to CVW-2
VA-176 Thunderbolts A-6E TRAM Intruder Disestablished Oct 30, 1992
VAQ-133 Wizards EA-6B Prowler
VS-28 Gamblers S-3B Viking Disestablished Oct 1, 1992
VAW-122 Steeljaws E-2C Hawkeye Disestablished Mar 31, 1996
HS-15 Red Lions SH-3H Sea King

USS Ranger CV-61

This was the last cruise for USS Ranger.

Carrier Air Wing 2 - Tail Code: NE[19]
August 1, 1992 - January 31, 1993
Squadron Aircraft Notes
VF-1 Wolfpack F-14A Tomcat Disestablished Oct 1, 1993
VF-2 Bounty Hunters F-14A Tomcat
VA-145 Swordsmen A-6E SWIP/TRAM Intruder[21] SWIP improvement was an avionics upgrade to A-6E TRAMs.[21]

Disestablished Oct 1, 1993

VA-155 Silver Foxes A-6E TRAM Intruder Disestablished April 30, 1993
VAQ-131 Lancers EA-6B Prowler
VS-38 Red Griffins S-3A Viking
VAW-116 Sun Kings E-2C Hawkeye
HS-14 Chargers SH-3H Sea King

USS Independence CV-62

USS Independence replaced USS Midway as the forward deployed carrier of the United States 7th Fleet.

F-14A of VF-154 while attached to CVW-5 in 1994. This aircraft is flying over Mount Suribachi in Japan.
Carrier Air Wing 5 - Tail Code: NF[28]
April 15 1992 - October 13 1992 November 17, 1993 - March 17 1994 August 19, 1995 - November 18, 1995 January 23, 1998 - June 5, 1998
Squadron Aircraft Notes Squadron Aircraft Notes Squadron Aircraft Notes Squadron Aircraft Notes
VF-21 Free Lancers F-14A Tomcat VF-21 Free Lancers F-14A Tomcat VF-21 Free Lancers F-14A Tomcat Disestablished Jan 31, 1996 VF-154 Black Knights F-14A Tomcat
VF-154 Black Knights F-14A Tomcat VF-154 Black Knights F-14A Tomcat VF-154 Black Knights F-14A Tomcat VFA-27 Royal Maces F/A-18C (N) Hornet Night Attack Hornet
VFA-192 Golden Dragons F/A-18C Hornet VFA-192 Golden Dragons F/A-18C Hornet VFA-192 Golden Dragons F/A-18C Hornet VFA-192 Golden Dragons F/A-18C Hornet
VFA-195 Dambusters F/A-18C Hornet VFA-195 Dambusters F/A-18C Hornet VFA-195 Dambusters F/A-18C Hornet VFA-195 Dambusters F/A-18C Hornet
VA-115 Eagles A-6E SWIP Intruder VA-115 Eagles A-6E SWIP Intruder VA-115 Eagles A-6E SWIP Intruder Renamed VFA-115 Oct 1, 1996

Transitioned to F/A-18C

 VAQ-136 Gauntlets EA-6B Prowler
VAQ-136 Gauntlets EA-6B Prowler VAQ-136 Gauntlets EA-6B Prowler VAQ-136 Gauntlets EA-6B Prowler VS-21 Redtails S-3B Viking
VS-21 Redtails S-3B Viking VS-21 Redtails S-3B Viking VS-21 Redtails S-3B Viking VAW-115 Liberty Bells E-2C Hawkeye
VAW-115 Liberty Bells E-2C Hawkeye VAW-115 Liberty Bells E-2C Hawkeye VAW-115 Liberty Bells E-2C Hawkeye HS-14 Chargers SH-60F/HH-60H Oceanhawk
HS-12 Wyverns SH-3H Sea King HS-12 Wyverns SH-3H Sea King Disestablished Nov 30, 1994 HS-14 Chargers SH-60F/HH-60H Oceanhawk VQ-5 Sea Shadows Det.5 ES-3A Sea Shadow
VQ-5 Sea Shadows Det.A ES-3A Sea Shadow VQ-5 Sea Shadows Det.A ES-3A Sea Shadow

USS Kitty Hawk CV-63

In 1998, Kitty Hawk would replace the Independence as the forward deployed carrier in Japan.[29]

Carrier Air Wing 15 - Tail Code: NL[30] Carrier Air Wing 11 - Tail Code: NH[30] Carrier Air Wing 5 - Tail Code: NF[31]
November 3, 1992 - May 3, 1993 October 11, 1996 - April 11, 1997 March 2, 1999 - August 25, 1999 January 23, 2003 - May 6, 2003

(Later Operation Iraqi Freedom)

Squadron Aircraft Notes Squadron Aircraft Notes Squadron Aircraft Notes Squadron Aircraft Notes
VF-51 Screaming Eagles F-14A Tomcat VF-213 Black Lions F-14A Tomcat VF-154 Black Knights F-14A Tomcat VF-154 Black Knights F-14A Tomcat Renamed VFA-154 Oct 1, 1996

Transitioned to F/A-18F

VF-111 Sundowners F-14A Tomcat VFA-22 Fighting Redcocks F/A-18C (N) Hornet Night Attack Hornet VFA-27 Royal Maces F/A-18C (N) Hornet Night Attack Hornet VFA-27 Royal Maces F/A-18C (N) Hornet Night Attack Hornet
VFA-27 Chargers F/A-18A Hornet VFA-94 Mighty Shrikes F/A-18C (N) Hornet VFA-192 Golden Dragons F/A-18C (N) Hornet Night Attack Hornet VFA-192 Golden Dragons F/A-18C (N) Hornet Night Attack Hornet
VFA-97 Warhawks F/A-18A Hornet Led airstrike on Jan 13, 1993[29] VFA-97 Warhawks F/A-18A Hornet VFA-195 Dambusters F/A-18C (N) Hornet Night Attack Hornet VFA-195 Dambusters F/A-18C (N) Hornet Night Attack Hornet
VA-52 Knightriders A-6E SWIP Intruder[32] VAQ-135 Black Ravens EA-6B Prowler VAQ-136 Gauntlets EA-6B Prowler VAQ-136 Gauntlets EA-6B Prowler
VAQ-134 Garudas EA-6B Prowler VS-29 Dragonflies S-3B Viking VS-21 Redtails S-3B Viking VS-21 Redtails S-3B Viking
VS-37 Sawbucks S-3B Viking VAW-117 Wallbangers E-2C Hawkeye VAW-115 Liberty Bells E-2C Hawkeye VAW-115 Liberty Bells E-2C Hawkeye
VAW-114 Hormel Hogs E-2C Hawkeye HS-6 Indians SH-60F/HH-60H Oceanhawk HS-14 Chargers SH-60F/HH-60H Oceanhawk HS-14 Chargers SH-60F/HH-60H Oceanhawk
HS-4 Black Knights SH-60F/HH-60H Oceanhawk VQ-5 Sea Shadows Det.B ES-3A Sea Shadow

USS Constellation CV-64
Carrier Air Wing 2 - Tail Code: NE[19]
November 10, 1994 - May 10, 1995 April 1, 1997 - October 1, 1997 June 18, 1999 - December 17, 1997 March 16, 2001 - September 15, 2001 November 2, 2002 - June 2, 2003

(Later Operation Iraqi Freedom)[33]

Squadron Aircraft Notes Squadron Aircraft Notes Squadron Aircraft Notes Squadron Aircraft Notes Squadron Aircraft Notes
VF-2 Bounty Hunters F-14D Super Tomcat VF-2 Bounty Hunters F-14D Super Tomcat VF-2 Bounty Hunters F-14D Super Tomcat VF-2 Bounty Hunters F-14D Super Tomcat VF-2 Bounty Hunters F-14D Super Tomcat VF-2 redesignated VFA-2 on July 1 2003.
VFA-151 Viginlantes F/A-18C (N) Hornet Night Attack Hornet VFA-151 Viginlantes F/A-18C (N) Hornet Night Attack Hornet VFA-151 Viginlantes F/A-18C (N) Hornet Night Attack Hornet VFA-151 Viginlantes F/A-18C (N) Hornet Night Attack Hornet VFA-151 Viginlantes F/A-18C (N) Hornet Night Attack Hornet
VFA-137 Kestrels F/A-18C (N) Hornet Night Attack Hornet VFA-137 Kestrels F/A-18C (N) Hornet Night Attack Hornet VFA-137 Kestrels F/A-18C (N) Hornet Night Attack Hornet VFA-137 Kestrels F/A-18C (N) Hornet Night Attack Hornet VFA-137 Kestrels F/A-18C (N) Hornet Night Attack Hornet
VMFA-323 Death Rattlers F/A-18C (N) Hornet Marine Corps Squadron VMFA-323 Death Rattlers F/A-18C (N) Hornet Marine Corps Squadron VMFA-323 Death Rattlers F/A-18C (N) Hornet Marine Corps Squadron VMFA-323 Death Rattlers F/A-18C (N) Hornet Marine Corps Squadron VMFA-323 Death Rattlers F/A-18C (N) Hornet Marine Corps Squadron
VAQ-131 Lancers EA-6B Prowler VAQ-131 Lancers EA-6B Prowler VAQ-131 Lancers EA-6B Prowler VAQ-131 deployed to MCAS Iwakuni

in Japan ahead of CVW-2 in June 1999

and rejoined the Air Wing when

CV-64 arrived in the Sea of Japan in July.

 VAQ-131 Lancers EA-6B Prowler VAQ-131 Lancers EA-6B Prowler
VS-38 Red Griffins S-3B Viking VS-38 Red Griffins S-3B Viking VS-38 Red Griffins S-3B Viking All Six S-3B were given to VS-21 in early December 1999 in Hawaii.[34] VS-38 Red Griffins S-3B Viking VS-38 Red Griffins S-3B Viking
VAW-116 Sun Kings E-2C Hawkeye VAW-116 Sun Kings E-2C Hawkeye VAW-116 Sun Kings E-2C Hawkeye VAW-116 Sun Kings E-2C Hawkeye VAW-116 Sun Kings E-2C Hawkeye
HS-2 Golden Falcons SH-60F/HH-60H Oceanhawk HS-2 Golden Falcons SH-60F/HH-60H Oceanhawk HS-2 Golden Falcons SH-60F/HH-60H Oceanhawk HS-2 Golden Falcons SH-60F/HH-60H Oceanhawk HS-2 Golden Falcons SH-60F/HH-60H Oceanhawk
VQ-5 Sea Shadows Det.D ES-3A Sea Shadow VQ-5 Sea Shadows Det.C ES-3A Sea Shadow HSL-47 Saberhawks Det. 4 SH-60B Seahawk HSL-47 Saberhawks Det. 4 SH-60B Seahawk

USS Carl Vinson CVN-70

USS Carl Vinson also took part in Operation Desert Fox.

Carrier Air Wing 14 - Tail Code: NK[35] Carrier Air Wing 11 - Tail Code: NH[35]
February 17, 1994 - August 17, 1994 November 6, 1998 - May 6, 1999

(Including Operation Desert Fox)[36]

 July 23, 2002 - January 23, 2003
Squadron Aircraft Notes Squadron Aircraft Notes Squadron Aircraft Notes Squadron Aircraft Notes
VF-11 Red Rippers F-14D Super Tomcat First deployment of F-14D[37] Cruise filmed for

Carrier: Fortress at Sea.[38]

 VF-11 Red Rippers F-14D Super Tomcat VF-213 Black Lions F-14D Super Tomcat VF-213 Black Lions F-14D Super Tomcat
VF-31 Tomcatters F-14D Super Tomcat First deployment of F-14D[37] VF-31 Tomcatters F-14D Super Tomcat VFA-22 Fighting Redcocks F/A-18C (N) Hornet Night Attack Hornet VFA-22 Fighting Redcocks F/A-18C (N) Hornet Night Attack Hornet
VFA-25 Fist of the Fleet F/A-18C (N) Hornet Night Attack Hornet VFA-25 Fist of the Fleet F/A-18C (N) Hornet Night Attack Hornet VFA-94 Mighty Shrikes F/A-18C (N) Hornet Night Attack Hornet VFA-94 Mighty Shrikes F/A-18C (N) Hornet Night Attack Hornet
VFA-113 Stingers F/A-18C (N) Hornet Night Attack Hornet VFA-113 Stingers F/A-18C (N) Hornet Night Attack Hornet VFA-97 Warhawks F/A-18A Hornet VFA-97 Warhawks F/A-18A Hornet
VA-196 Main Battery A-6E TRAM Intruder VA-196 Main Battery A-6E TRAM Intruder Disestablished Feb 28, 1997

Last Pacific Fleet A-6 Intruder Squadron[39]

 VAQ-135 Black Ravens EA-6B Prowler VAQ-135 Black Ravens EA-6B Prowler
VAQ-139 Cougars EA-6B Prowler VAQ-139 Cougars EA-6B Prowler VS-29 Dragonflies S-3B Viking VS-29 Dragonflies S-3B Viking
VS-35 Blue Wolves S-3B Viking VS-35 Blue Wolves S-3B Viking VAW-117 Wallbangers E-2C Hawkeye VAW-117 Wallbangers E-2C Hawkeye
VAW-113 Black Eagles E-2C Hawkeye VAW-113 Black Eagles E-2C Hawkeye HS-6 Indians SH-60F/HH-60H Oceanhawk HS-6 Indians SH-60F/HH-60H Oceanhawk
HS-8 Eightballers SH-60F/HH-60H Oceanhawk HS-4 Black Knights SH-60F/HH-60H Oceanhawk VQ-5 Sea Shadows Det.C ES-3A Sea Shadow
VQ-5 Sea Shadows Det.D ES-3A Sea Shadow


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