Out-of-band

Out-of-band is activity outside a defined telecommunications frequency band, or, metaphorically, outside some other kind of activity. Protection from falsing is among its purposes.

Not to be confused with Out of bounds in programming languages; See Bounds checking.

Examples

General usage
  • Out-of-band agreement, an agreement or understanding between the communicating parties that is not included in any message sent over the channel but which is relevant for the interpretation of such messages
  • More broadly, communication by other than the normal communication method is considered "out-of-band". For example, given a website's normal communication method is the internet, out-of-band communication may be by a voice call. Or, it may be by a Mobile phone, as an SMS message. Out-of-band communication may even be by beeps from the PC speaker on the server's Motherboard.

Telecommunications
  • Out-of-band signaling, the exchange of call control information in a separate band from the data or voice stream, or on an entirely separate, dedicated channel

Computing
  • Out-of-band data, in computer networking, a separate stream of data from the main data stream
  • Out-of-band management, in computer administration, system console access, even in the event of primary network subsystem failure
  • Out-of-band authentication, user authentication over a network or channel separate from the primary network or channel; used in multi-factor authentication
  • Out-of-band software documentation, is documentation that is not provided together with the software it documents. In Unix and Unix-like systems, software is documented through the means of online man pages,[1] which are provided together with the operating system as a component of said system. Compared to online man pages,[1] out-of-band documentation, whether on web pages[2] or in printed form, often suffers from a mismatch on the version and the exact set of features that are being documented.[2]

See also

References
  1. "man(1) — display online manual documentation pages". BSD Cross Reference. FreeBSD. Retrieved 2019-04-01. Lay summary. The man utility finds and displays online manual documentation pages.
  2. der Mouse (2019-03-30). "Web "documentation" [was Re: Removing PF]". tech-kern@NetBSD (Mailing list). NetBSD. Retrieved 2019-04-01.
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