Pancasila Youth
The Pancasila Youth (Indonesian: Pemuda Pancasila, PP) is an Indonesian far-right paramilitary organization established by General Abdul Haris Nasution on 28 October 1959 as the youth wing of the League of Supporters of Indonesian Independence.[1][2][3]
| Pancasila Youth | |
|---|---|
| Pemuda Pancasila | |
 | |
| Leader | Yapto Soerjosoemarno |
| Dates of operation | 1965- |
| Active regions | Indonesia |
| Ideology | Anti-communism Pancasila Far Right Ultranationalist |
| Major actions | Beheadings, Tortures, Rapes, Brawlings, Bullyings, Hate speech |
| Notable attacks | Indonesian killings of 1965–66 Maluku sectarian conflict |
| Size | 3,000,000 (2012) |
It has been headed since 1981 by Yapto Soerjosoemarno,[4] and was one of the semi-official political gangster (preman) groups that supported the New Order military dictatorship of Suharto. The organisation's name refers to Pancasila, the official "five principles" of the Indonesian state. Pancasila Youth played an important role in supporting Suharto's military coup in 1965: they ran death squads for the Indonesian army, killing a million or more alleged communists and Chinese Indonesians across the province of North Sumatra, as described in the 2012 documentary The Act of Killing.
In the documentary, it is stated that the organisation currently has three million members. National membership estimates from the late 1990s ranged from four to ten million people.[4]
In May 2020, the Bekasi chapter of the Pancasila Youth mailed out letters to prominent local businesspeople asking for Tunjangan Hari Raya in exchange for "peace and security". The Bekasi Police has demanded the chapter retract the letter.
See also
References
- "Jakarta prominent mass organization and ethnic groups". Jakarta Post. 28 August 2009. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
- Hefner, Robert W. "Social Legacies and Possible Futures". Indonesia: The Great Transition. p. 120.
- Anderson, Benedict R. O'G. (Ed) (2001). Violence and the State in Suharto's Indonesia. SEAP Publications. p. 16. ISBN 9780877277293.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
- Youth Gangs and Otherwise in Indonesia Archived 2012-06-17 at the Wayback Machine; RYTER, Loren, University of Michigan; presented at the Global Gangs Workshop, 14-15 May 2009
- Mawardi, Isal. "Pemuda Pancasila Buka Suara soal Permintaan THR ke Pengusaha Bekasi". detiknews (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2020-05-13.
- "Anwar Congo Penjagal PKI dari Medan Meninggal Dunia". Tribun Medan.
- "Anti-PKI death squad leader Anwar Congo dies at 78". The Jakarta Post. 27 October 2019.
Further reading
- Ryter, Loren (October 1998). "Pemuda Pancasila: The Last Loyalist Free Men of Suharto's Order" (PDF). Indonesia. 66: 45–73. doi:10.2307/3351447. Retrieved 1 June 2013.