Pinanga sylvestris

Pinanga sylvestris is a species of tree in the Arecaceae, or palm tree, family. It grows 2-6m tall, sometimes in bundles, shade tolerant, from Meghalaya (India) to Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, Laos and Zhōngguó/China.[1][3][4][5][6][7][8] In Thailand it is recorded in the Khao Soi Dao Wildlife Sanctuary, in Chanthaburi Province, as a very common mid-storey tree in the Quercus semiserrata-dominated rainforest at 1,400 to 1,540m.[9] In Cambodia it occurs uncommonly in coastal vegetation communities, but is common in dense and semi-dense evergreen rainforest in the lowlands and at moderate altitude.[5][10] The palm grows in similar dense and semi-dense communities in Laos and Vietnam.[5] On the mountain of Ngọc Linh in Quảng Nam Province of Vietnam, it dominates the ground layer of low montane broadleaf evergreen forest, that occurs from 150 to 1000m.[7]

Pinanga sylvestris
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Arecales
Family: Arecaceae
Genus: Pinanga
Species:
P. sylvestris
Binomial name
Pinanga sylvestris
(Lour.) Hodel, Palm J. 139: 55 (1998).[2]
Synonyms
  • Areca sylvestris Lour.
  • Pinanga chinensis Becc.
  • Pinanga cochinchinensis Blume
  • Pinanga duperreana Pierre ex Becc.
  • Pinanga macroclada Burret
  • Ptychosperma cochinchinense (Blume) Miq.
  • Ptychosperma sylvestris (Lour.) Miq.
  • Seaforthia cochinchinensis (Blume) Mart.
  • Seaforthia sylvestris (Lour.) Blume ex Mart.

In Cambodia, the palm is given the names sla snga:b (sla=palm/areca, snga:b=yawn, Lewitz & Rollet give it as sla sngap, this sort grows in coastal forests), sla khmau (khau=black, Lewitz & Rollet give sla tourlieng as another name for this variety) and sla kânndaôr (kânndaôr=mouse, Haynes & McLaughlin give the name as sla condor).[5][6][10] The fruit of all of these Cambodian palms may replace areca nut in the betel quid, and sometimes the sla snga:b variety are used as bait in fishing, while the sla khmau and kânndaôr types have their terminal bud and pith of the trunk harvested for food. In Zhongguo/China a common name is hua shan zhu (Pinyin).[11]

References
  1. Loftus, C. & Bachman, S. (2013). "Pinanga sylvestris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T44393676A44431694. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
  2. "Pinanga sylvestris". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens Kew/Science. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
  3. Renuka, C.; Sreekumar, V.B. (2012). A Field Guide To The Palms Of India. Peechi, Kerala: Kerala Forest Research Institute. ISBN 978-81-85041-74-2. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
  4. John Dransfield; Barfod, A.S.; Pongsattayapipat, R. (2004). "A preliminary checklist to Thai Palms". Thai For. Bull. (Bot.). 32: 32–72. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
  5. Pauline Dy Phon (2000). Plants Used In Cambodia/Plantes utilisées au Cambodge. Phnom Penh: Imprimerie Olympic. p. 499-500.
  6. Haynes, Jody; McLaughlin, John (2000). "Edible Palms and Their Uses". University of Florida, Extension: Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fact Sheet. MDCE-00-50-1. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
  7. Tordoff, Andrew W.; Tran Hieu Minh; Tran Quang Ngoc (2000). "A Feasibility Study for the Establishment of Ngoc Linh Nature Reserve, Quang Nam Province, Vietnam" (PDF). BirdLife International Vietnam Programme and the Forest Inventory and Planning Institute with Financial Support from the European Union, Conservation Report. 10. S2CID 135083212. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
  8. "Pinanga sylvestris". Herbarium Catalogue. Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
  9. Parnell, J. (2012). "Aeginetia flava: a new and remarkable species of Aeginetia: Orobanchaceae from South-Eastern Thailand". Kew Bulletin. 67: 81-4. doi:10.1007/s12225-012-9337-9. S2CID 24141552. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
  10. Lewitz, S.; Rollet, B. (1973). "Lexique des noms d'arbres et d'arbustes du Cambodge". Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient. 60: 117-62. doi:10.3406/befeo.1973.5144. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
  11. Flora of China Editorial Committee. C. Y. Wu; P. H. Raven; D. Y. Hong (eds.). Acoraceae through Cyperaceae. Flora of China. 23. St. Louis: Missouri Botanical Garden Press. pp. 1–515.


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