Plain-bellied emerald

Plain-bellied emerald
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Apodiformes
Family:	Trochilidae
Genus:	Chrysuronia
Species:	C. leucogaster
Binomial name
	Chrysuronia leucogaster; (Gmelin, JF, 1788)
Synonyms[2]
	Agyrtria leucogaster

The plain-bellied emerald (Chrysuronia leucogaster) is a species of hummingbird in the family Trochilidae. It is found from north-eastern Venezuela, through the Guianas, to around São Luís in Brazil. Smaller disjunct populations are found in north-eastern Brazil as far south as Bahia. It occurs in a wide range of semi-open habitats, primarily in coastal regions. It is generally fairly common, and therefore considered to be of least concern by BirdLife International and consequently the IUCN.

Description

The flanks and upperparts are green, often tinged golden on the lower back and rump, while the underparts are white. The central rectrices are golden, while the outer rectrices are dark blue with narrow whitish tips. The slightly decurved bill is black with a flesh-coloured base to the lower mandible.

This species was formerly placed in the genus Amazilia. A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014 found that Amazilia was polyphyletic.[3] In the revised classification to create monophyletic genera, the plain-bellied emerald was moved to Chrysuronia.[4][5]

References

BirdLife International (2012). "Amazilia leucogaster". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)old-form url
"Amazilia leucogaster". Avibase.
McGuire, J.; Witt, C.; Remsen, J.V.; Corl, A.; Rabosky, D.; Altshuler, D.; Dudley, R. (2014). "Molecular phylogenetics and the diversification of hummingbirds". Current Biology. 24 (8): 910–916. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2014.03.016.
Stiles, F.G.; Remsen, J.V. Jr.; Mcguire, J.A. (2017). "The generic classification of the Trochilini (Aves: Trochilidae): Reconciling taxonomy with phylogeny". Zootaxa. 4353 (3): 401–424. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4353.3.
Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2020). "Hummingbirds". IOC World Bird List Version 10.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 7 January 2020.

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[1] BirdLife International (2012). "Amazilia leucogaster". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)old-form url

[2] "Amazilia leucogaster". Avibase.

[3] McGuire, J.; Witt, C.; Remsen, J.V.; Corl, A.; Rabosky, D.; Altshuler, D.; Dudley, R. (2014). "Molecular phylogenetics and the diversification of hummingbirds". Current Biology. 24 (8): 910–916. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2014.03.016.

[4] Stiles, F.G.; Remsen, J.V. Jr.; Mcguire, J.A. (2017). "The generic classification of the Trochilini (Aves: Trochilidae): Reconciling taxonomy with phylogeny". Zootaxa. 4353 (3): 401–424. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4353.3.

[ioc-5] Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2020). "Hummingbirds". IOC World Bird List Version 10.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 7 January 2020.