Queen Jangnyeol

The future queen was born on 16 December 1624 during the reign King Injo. Her father, Jo Chang-won, was member of the Yangju Jo clan. Her mother was member of the Jeonju Choi clan.

Three years after his Queen Inryeol’s death, Injo selected fourteen-year old Jo Chang-won's daughter as new queen consort in December 1638. The King was 29 years her senior.

The Queen's relationship with Injo was not good due to the fact that she could not bear a son, and because the King's concubine, Jo Gwi-in had succeeded in having Injo to hate her, thus she left the main palace in 1645, Changdeok Palace, to live in Gyeongdeok Palace.

After Injo’s death, she was elevated to the rank of a dowager and formally addressed as Queen Dowager Jaui. Disputes happened during the death of her stepson, Hyojong, and his wife, Queen Inseon, where the factions argued on the duration in which Jaui would have to wear the mourning attire or sangbok. The incident was known as Yesong Dispute (예송논쟁): for Hyojong’s funeral, it became an issue to determine whether the dowager should be mourning for three or one year, while for Queen Dowager Hyosuk, either one year or nine months.

Hyeonjong became the king and Jaui officially became grand queen dowager. Since she did not have any children, she led a solitary life until her death at the age of 65 on 20 December 1688 during Sukjong’s reign after living 50 years of her life as a woman of the royal palace.

Her tomb is located in Hwineung, Donggurneung, which is located within the city of Guri in Gyeonggi Province.

Parent

• Father − Jo Chang-won (조창원, 趙昌遠) (1583 - 1646)
  • 1) Grandfather − Jo Jon-seong (조존성, 趙存性) (1554 - 1668)
    • 2) Great-Grandfather − Jo Nam (조남, 趙擥)
  • 1) Grandmother − Lady Lee of the Yongin Lee clan (증 정경부인 용인 이씨, 贈 貞敬夫人 龍仁 李氏)
• Mother − Lady Wansan of the Jeonju Choi clan (완산부부인 전주 최씨, 完山府夫人 全州 崔氏) (1583 - 1663)
  • 1) Grandfather − Choi Cheol-geon (최철견, 崔鐡堅)
  • 1) Grandmother − Lady Jeong of the Jinyang Jeong clan (진양 정씨, 晉陽 鄭氏)

Sibling

• Older brother − Jo Yun-seok (조윤석, 趙胤錫) (1615 - 1664)
• Sister-in-law − Lady Kim of the Andong Kim clan
• Older sister − Lady Jo of the Yangju Jo clan (양주 조씨, 楊州 趙氏)
• Brother-in-law − Shin Ik-jeon (신익전, 申翊全)[1][2]
  • Nephew − Shin Jeong (신정, 申晸)[3][4]
  • Nephew − Shin Seom (신섬, 申暹)
  • Nephew − Shin Chang (신창)
  • Nephew − Shin Yeob (신엽, 申曅)
  • Nephew − Shin Ahng (신앙, 申昻)
  • Niece − Lady Shin of the Pyeongsan Shin clan (평산 신씨)
  • Nephew-in-law − Yi Hye (이혜, 李嵆); King Seonjo’s great-grandson
  • Niece − Princess Consort Yeongpung of the Pyeongsan Shin clan (영풍군부인 평산 신씨) (1639 - 1692)
  • Nephew-in-law − Yi Jing, Prince Seungseon (이징 숭선군, 李澂 崇善君) (1639 - 1690)[5]
  • Niece − Lady Shin of the Pyeongsan Shin clan (평산 신씨)
• Older sister − Lady Jo of the Yangju Jo clan (양주 조씨, 楊州 趙氏)
• Brother-in-law − Yun Ji-bin (윤지빈, 尹之贇)

Consort

• Yi Jong, King Injo (인조) (1595 - 1649)

Issue

• Adoptive son − Crown Prince Sohyeon (소현세자 왕, 昭顯世子 汪) (1612 - 1645)
• Daughter-in-law − Crown Princess Consort Minhoe of the Geumcheon Kang clan (민회빈 강씨, 愍懷嬪 姜氏) (1611 - 1646)
• Adoptive son − King Hyojong (효종) (1619 - 1659)
• Daughter-in-law − Queen Inseon of the Deoksu Jang clan (인선왕후 장씨) (1619 - 1674)

• 16 December 1624 - December 1638: Lady Jo, daughter of Jo Chang-won, of the Yangju Jo clan
• December 1638 - 1649: The Queen Consort
• 1649 - 1659: Queen Dowager Jaui (자의왕대비, Jaui Wangdaebi)
• 1659 - 20 December 1688: Grand Queen Dowager Jaui Gongsin (자의공신대왕대비, Jauigongsin Daewangdaebi)
• Posthumous title: Queen Jangryeol (장렬왕후 莊烈王后, Jangryeol Wanghu)

• Portrayed by Jung Hye-sun in 1988 MBC TV series Queen Inhyeon.
• Portrayed by Kim Yeong-ae in 1995 SBS TV series Jang Hui-bin.
• Portrayed by Kang Bu-ja in the 2002 KBS2 TV series Jang Hee-bin.
• Portrayed by Go Won-hee in the 2013 JTBC TV series Blooded Palace: The War of Flowers.
• Portrayed by Lee Hyo-chun in the 2013 SBS TV series Jang Ok-jung, Living by Love.
• Portrayed by Chae Bin in the 2015 MBC TV series Splendid Politics.

• 장렬왕후 (in Korean). Doosan Encyclopedia.