Rayid

Rayid is a native endonym to describe northern Somalis who signed colonial treaties with European colonial powers. In its narrower and most common sense, the term Rayid refers to those who signed colonial treaties with the British and were subject to British administrators stationed in Berbera. In its broader but more obscure and rare sense, the term rayid has also been used to describe any Somali who signed a colonial treaty with any European colonial power.[1] The Rayid Somalis were bordered by the Huwan (Somalis under Abyssinian rule) in the south, by the Darawiish in the east, and briefly during the Illig treaty, the Rayid Somalis also momentarily bordered the Dhabayaco, a native endonym for Somalis who were under Italian rule.[2] One of the main differences between a rayid, one who acceded to colonial treaties, and a darawiish, one who shunned colonial treaties, is that the former adhered to the Qadiriya Sufi tariqa, whilst the latter adopted the Salihiya tariqah.[3] Since the British also used to administer British Jubaland, Jubaland's era as a province of British East Africa could also be regarded as Rayid.[4]