Raymonde Dien

On February 23, 1950, Raymonde Dien, a shorthand typist, participated in an improvised demonstration, alongside several hundred other members and supporters of the PCF, the French Communist Party. They demonstrated at the train station of Saint-Pierre-des-Corps, in order to slow down a military train transporting armoured vehicles destined for Indochina.[2] The crowd occupied the train tracks, and some participants laid down on them. Once the demonstration was over, the military personnel in charge of the convoy signalled a woman wearing trousers to the police forces. She was arrested by the police.[3] They matched her to the description and had witnesses recognize her. They accused her of having laid down on the tracks.[2][4]

She was imprisoned in Tours. She was the only demonstrator to be prosecuted; the secretary of the railroaders' section of the CGT, a French trade union associated with the Communist party, also imprisoned, was freed after three weeks. She was prosecuted for "participation in an act of deterioration of equipment susceptible to be used for national Defense."[5] She was transferred to the Fort of Hâ in Bordeaux, where she was incarcerated with two ex-secretaries of the Gestapo.[2]

The lawyer Marie-Louise Jacquier-Cachin defended her,[2][6] but a military court condemned her after a two-day trial, on June 1, 1950, to a year in prison[2] and fifteen years of deprivation of civic rights.

Her trial was clearly political.[7] Alongside Henri Martin,[2] she became a symbol of the opposition to the Indochina war. A campaign to support her was organized in France and in Communist countries. Maurice Thorez, general secretary of the Communist party, declared his support to both Henri Martin and her,[5] and they also became part of an activist song: "Henri Martin, Raymonde Dien / Don't want us to kill the Vietnamese / They love peace so much / That they are suspect to the judges."[2]

Raymonde Dien was freed on Christmas in 1950.[5] Between 1953 and 1958, she was one of the leaders of the Union des jeunes filles de France (Union of young women of France), the women's branch of the PCF's youth organization.

• In Vietnam:
  • In 2004, Raymonde Dien was awarded the Vietnamese Medal of Friendship.
  • A street of Ho Chi Minh City is named after her.
• In the USSR:
  • In 1953, Valerian Kirhoglani created a statue of Dien, which is erected in the Moskovsky Victory Park in Saint Petersburg. The statue represents Dien lying down on train tracks. There is a copy of this statue in Zelenogorsk.
  • En 1950, a passage of Serguei Prokofiev and Samouil Marchak's oratorio « На страже мира », pays her hommage.
• In France : A street in Saint-Pierre-des-Corps is named February 23, 1950 street.

• 
  The statue in Zelenogorsk.
• 
  The statue in Saint Petersburg.

• (ru)/(vi)/(fr) This article is largely translated from the French article on Raymonde Dien, itself partially or totally inspired by the Russian article « Дьен, Раймонда » (voir la liste des auteurs) and the Vietnamese « Raymondienne » (voir la liste des auteurs).

• Henri Martin affair