SPAM1

Hyaluronidase PH-20 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SPAM1 gene.[5][6][7]

SPAM1
Identifiers
Aliases	SPAM1, HEL-S-96n, HYA1, HYAL1, HYAL3, HYAL5, PH-20, PH20, SPAG15, sperm adhesion molecule 1
External IDs	OMIM: 600930 MGI: 1921718 HomoloGene: 50610 GeneCards: SPAM1
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 7 (human)[1] Band 7q31.32 Start 123,925,237 bp[1] End 123,971,414 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 6 (mouse)[2] Band 6|6 A3.1 Start 24,857,997 bp[2] End 24,891,958 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • hyalurononglucosaminidase activity • catalytic activity • hydrolase activity • hydrolase activity, acting on glycosyl bonds Cellular component • anchored component of membrane • cell membrane • membrane Biological process • fusion of sperm to egg plasma membrane involved in single fertilization • metabolism • cell adhesion • binding of sperm to zona pellucida • sperm-egg recognition • carbohydrate metabolic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	6677	74468
Ensembl	ENSG00000106304	ENSMUSG00000029678
UniProt	P38567	Q812F3
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001174044 NM_001174045 NM_001174046 NM_003117 NM_153189	NM_028957
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001167515 NP_001167516 NP_001167517 NP_003108 NP_694859	NP_083233
Location (UCSC)	Chr 7: 123.93 – 123.97 Mb	Chr 6: 24.86 – 24.89 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Hyaluronidase degrades hyaluronic acid, a major structural proteoglycan found in extracellular matrices and basement membranes. Six members of the hyaluronidase family are clustered into two tightly linked groups on chromosome 3p21.3 and 7q31.3. This gene was previously referred to as HYAL1 and HYA1 and has since been assigned the official symbol SPAM1; another family member on chromosome 3p21.3 has been assigned HYAL1. This gene encodes a GPI-anchored enzyme located on the human sperm surface and inner acrosomal membrane. This multifunctional protein is a hyaluronidase that enables sperm to penetrate through the hyaluronic acid-rich cumulus cell layer surrounding the oocyte, a receptor that plays a role in hyaluronic acid induced cell signaling, and a receptor that is involved in sperm-zona pellucida adhesion. Abnormal expression of this gene in tumors has implicated this protein in degradation of basement membranes leading to tumor invasion and metastasis. Multiple protein isoforms are encoded by transcript variants of this gene.[7]