Sack Friary, Bristol

Sack Friary, Bristol was a friary in Bristol, England. It was established in 1266 and dissolved in 1286.[1]

The mendicant religious order was known as the Friars of the Sack and the Brothers of Penitence.[lower-alpha 1] The friars first appeared in England in 1257,[3] with the order apparently originating in Italy, where they were known as "Fratres de Sacco".[2][lower-alpha 2] The order began in 1251 and expanded into Britain, France, Spain, Germany and Palestine.[2][4] The Second Council of Lyon took up the question of limiting mendicant religious orders. In 1274, the four major orders-the Franciscans, the Dominicans, the Carmelites and the Austin Friars were allowed to remain with the lesser orders instructed to disband.[5][lower-alpha 3]

The first mention of the order in Bristol was circa 1266 when Henry III of England granted the friars six oaks from Selwood Forest for building.[7] Records of the 1287 Pleas of the Crown establish that there was a house of Friars of the Sack before that time, but no one is certain where it was located.[8] The last mention of the order in Bristol is found on a document dated October 31, 1322. The document refers to a tenement outside Bristol Temple Gate located near the church of the "Friars di saccis" signed by Simon de Ely, burgess of Bristol to William de Cameleigh.[9]

Notes
  1. The friars wore garments made of coarse cloth, similar to that of the Franciscans. They did not eat meat and only drank water.[2]
  2. Others attribute their origin to France as many of their known homes were in France.[4]
  3. Mendicant orders founded after 1215 were subject to the disbanding order. They were not to accept any new members of their community, thus the orders would succumb to attrition.[6]

References
  1. Pastscape
  2. Gasquet 1905, pp. 241-242.
  3. Page 1909, pp. 513-514.
  4. Emery, Richard W. (October 1960). "A Note on the Friars of the Sack". Speculum. The Medieval Academy of America. 35 (4): 591–595. doi:10.2307/2846556. JSTOR 2846556.
  5. Emery, Richard W. (July 1943). "The Friars of the Sack". Speculum. The Medieval Academy of America. 18 (3): 323–334. doi:10.2307/2853707. JSTOR 2853707.
  6. Howse, Christopher (5 March 2016). "Sackcloth and magpies: the habits of the extinct friars". the Telegraph. Retrieved 10 August 2016.
  7. Page 1907, p. 111.
  8. Taylor, Rev. C. S (1906). "The Religious Houses of Bristol and Their Dissolution". Transactions of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society. Bristol & Gloucestershire Archaeological Society: 90. hdl:2027/uc1.b2993360.
  9. Rudd, Alfred E. (1911–1912). "Bristol Merchant Marks". Proceedings of the Clifton Antiquarian Club for 1911-1912. Clifton Antiquarian Club: 115. hdl:2027/hvd.32044090327446.

Sources

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