Samuel Walkey

Samuel Walkey (10 July 1871  29 March 1953) was an English bank inspector, who used his spare time when travelling to write, and became a prolific author of boy's adventure fiction. Walkey wrote at least sixteen novels and hundreds of magazine stories. He contributed stories to magazines for more than 40 years.

Samuel Walkey
Born(1871-07-10)10 July 1871
Died29 March 1953(1953-03-29) (aged 81)
Cliffden, Teignmouth, Devonshire, England
NationalityEnglish
Other namesS. Walkey
OccupationBank Official
Years active1895  1939
Known forBoys' adventure fiction
Notable work
Rouges of the Fiery Cross

Early life

Samuel Walkey was born on 10 July 1871[1] at Kilkhampton, Cornwall, England. He was the son of Joshua Walkey (27 October 1828  1884), a draper.

Walkey entered the Devon and Cornwall Bank[2] as a clerk at 16.[3] He was a hard worker[2] and was soon promoted.[3] The 1891 census found Walkey boarding with the White family at 26 Fore Street, in Torpoint, across the river from Plymouth.

Adult life

Sometime in the 1890s he became a bank-inspector and had to travel all over the West Country.[2] Walkey was already a bank-inspector when he married Kathleen Agnes White (27 March 1873  15 June 1949),[1][4] the daughter of draper Seymore White, whom Walkey was boarding with in Torpoint for the 1881 census. The couple were married at St. James's Church in Torpoint on 6 September 1897.[5]

The couple had three children:

  • Joyce Morwenna (26 July 1898  3 February 1988),[6] who was the executor of her father's will.
  • Howarth Seymour (13 May 1900  20 August 1970),[1][7] who pursued a Naval Career, passing the exam for the Osborne Naval College at age 14.[8] and being appointed Rear Admiral in 1956.
  • John Christopher (18 October 1903  6 October 1989),[9] who joined the Royal Engineers, held various command positions, including Engineer-in-Chief at the War Office, before retiring with the rank of Major General in 1957.[10][note 1][11]

Walkey was appointed branch manager of the Devon and Cornwall Bank in Penzance in 1901.[2] The Devon and Cornwall Bank was acquired by Lloyds in 1906.[12] In 1908 Walkey was promoted to be manager of the new Lloyds bank at Newton Abbot, and the 1911 census found him visiting his widowed mother at his brother-in-law's house in Manchester, still a bank manager with Lloyds. He was still at Newton Abbott as he was crediting to help resolve a dispute between Lloyds and the Urban District Council over highway encroachment by the bank.[13]

Walkey left Newton Abbot in 1921.[14] In 1924, a press notice about a will for which he was executor says that he is with Lloyds Bank at Salisbury,[15] In the 1939 register Walkey records his profession as Staff Controller Lloyds Bank, retired.

Writing

Lofts states that Walkey took up writing boy's stories to while away his evenings alone. Sir Arthur Quiller-Couch, a fellow Cornishman, saw his writing and introduced him to Max Pemberton, until recently the editor of Chums in 1895.[3] Adcock states that his wife encouraged him to start writing,[16] but Walkey had his first serial in Chums two years before he got married.

Walkey wrote both boys' adventure fiction for a juvenile audience, and stirring romance fiction for an adult audience.[2] However, by a huge measure, the bulk of his output was juvenile fiction. Adcock states that Walkey wrote two adult-oriented adventure novels for Cassell's,[16] whereas Kemp and Mitchell state that Walkey published sixteen volumes of adventure fiction between 1897 and 1935.[17]

In many cases Walkey published his stories as serials first, and then as novels. For example, in April 1901 Cassell and Co. were advertising that With Redskins on the Warpath was starting in Chums (calling it a splendid new serial).[18] By October 1901 Cassell and Co were selling it as a book.[19]

Books

The following list of books is from the collated library catalogues on the Jisc Library Hub Discover site.[20] No titles by Walker were available on Project Gutenberg on 12 May 2020. Only three of his books are available in online versions, as noted below.

Books by Walkey
NoYearTitleIllustratorPublisherPagesNotes
21897In quest of Sheba's treasure : a perilous adventure by land and seaG. HutchinsonFrederick Warne, London320, 32 p., [5] plates plus 13 illustrations: ill., 20 cm.[note 2][21]
11897'Rogues of the Fiery cross'Paul HardyCassell & Co, Londoncm.18[note 3][22][23]
31899For the sake of the Duchesse : a page from the life of the Vicomte de ChampionnetJ.W. Arrowsmith, Bristol409, [4] p., 19 cm.[note 4][24][25][23][16]
41901At Britain's call : dramas of a memorable yearCassell & Co, London127 p., 22 cm.[note 5][26]
51901With Redskins on the WarpathCassell & Co, Londonvii, 280 pages, 8 fp plates, (8º)
61904The Lovers of Lorraine: a romanceCassell & Co, Londonviii. 328 pages, (8º)[note 6][16]
71906Kidnapped by piratesPaul HardyFrederick Warne, Londonix, 299 pages, [5] leaves of plates : illustrations, 19 cm.
81910Yo-ho! for the Spanish main : a story of adventure among piratesArchibald WebbCassell & Co, London311 pages, 4 unnumbered leaves of col plates : illustrations, 22 cm
91914Wolf-on-the-Trail: a tale of adventure among Redskins, etc.C. Dudley TennantCassell & Co, Londonvi, 309 pages, (8º)
101919In quest of a kingdomCassell & Co, London318 pages, 4 plates : illustrations, 22 cm[note 7]
111920Hurrah! for Merry Sherwood, etc.C. E. BrockCassell & Co, London312 pages, (8º)[note 8]
121921For Drake and Merrie England: a rousing story of the days of Good Queen Bess and the sea-dogs of old EnglandCassell & Co, London280 p., [4] leaves of plates : ill. (1 col.), 19 cm.
131928The Pirates of El DoradoAldine, London(8º)[note 9]
141931The adventures of Jack-a-LanternAlfred Elmore, Charles Monnet, Charles Louis MüllerThe Sheldon Press, Londonvi, 314p., 5 plates : illus. (some col.), 19 cm.[note 10]
151935When the Vikings cameBurns Oates & Washbourne Ltd, London[note 11]
161935The treasure of Pirates' IslandSPCK, London287 pages, (8º)
171936General Gordon, 1833-1885A. Wheaton, Exeter52 pages : illustrations, frontispiece (portrait), 19 cm.[note 12]

Example of illustrations for a Walkey book

Paul Hardy was frequently an illustrator for Walkey after he illustrated Rogues of the Fiery Cross. This was Walkey's second serial story, and the second novel he published. It appeared in Chums in the 1896  1897 volume and it was a huge success. It was illustrated by Hardy, as was almost all of Walkey's subsequent work in Chums.[3] The story was almost immediately published as a book by Cassell & Co., London in 1897 with sixteen full-page illustrations (courtesy of the British Library,[22] as shown below:

Magazine stories

The following list shows Walkey's publications in Magazines from November 1907, some twelve years after his first known serial in 1895. Walkey averaged just under ten stories a year from 1908 to 1917, so a full list would probably list another one hundred stories. Most of the stories are juvenile fiction, but some of the stories are intended for an adult audience.

Stories by Walkey from November 1907 as listed in Steve Holland's British Juvenile Story Papers and Pocket Libraries Index[27]
NoYearMagazineTitle of StoryTypeDate (of 1st pt.)
11907ChumsTrapped by the Enemy: A Story of the Indian FrontierShort Story20 Nov 1907
21908ChumsComrades in PerilSerial Story08 Jan 1908
31908ChumsThe Finnish Terror: A Complete Tale of Wild Peril in the Forest of FinlandShort Story17 Jun 1908
41908The Story-tellerThe Shadow of the GuillotineNovellaJun 1908
51908ChumsThe Ghost of the Haunted AbbeyShort Story08 Jul 1908
61908ChumsChased by WolvesShort Story12 Aug 1908
71909The Story-tellerWhen Terror ReignedShort StoryJan 1909
81909The New Magazine (UK)A Mission of ShameShort StoryDec 1909
91910The New Magazine (UK)The Executioner from ParisShort StoryFeb 1910
101910The Story-tellerSir Comely's AdventureShort StoryAug 1910
111911The Story-tellerWhere Love Is DeathlessShort StoryJan 1911
121911The Story-tellerThe Day of ReckoningNoveletteFeb 1911
131911The New Magazine (UK)Sweet Rose of EnglandShort StoryApr 1911
141911The New Magazine (UK)Dan of the Irish BrigadeShort StorySep 1911
151911ChumsThe Lion of Koom-PandaShort Story25 Oct 1911
161911The New Magazine (UK)The Enemy in the HouseShort StoryOct 1911
171911ChumsHurrah! For Merry SherwoodSerial Story08 Nov 1911
181912Cassell's Magazine of FictionThe Land of His FathersShort StoryApr 1912
191912ChumsHugo the TerribleShort Story18 May 1912
201912ChumsThe Sea-Dogs of EnglandShort Story01 Jun 1912
211912ChumsThe Mystery Men of the Reign of TerrorShort Story08 Jun 1912
221912ChumsOn the War-TrailNovelette08 Jun 1912
231912Cassell's Magazine of FictionAll the World Loves a LoverNovellaJun 1912
241912The New Magazine (UK)The OutcastNoveletteAug 1912
251912ChumsThe Bloodhounds of SpainShort Story14 Sep 1912
261912ChumsWhen the Redskins Were OutShort Story19 Oct 1912
271912ChumsOne of Nelson's HeroesShort Story26 Oct 1912
281912Cassell's Magazine of FictionThadee and Clon of the Irish BrigadeShort StoryOct 1912
291913ChumsCrossbones IslandSerial Story04 Jan 1913
301913Cassell's Magazine of FictionThe Last of Her RaceShort StoryMay 1913
311913ChumsMarooned on Drowned IslandShort Story21 Jun 1913
321913The New Magazine (UK)Blood MoneyShort StoryAug 1913
331913ChumsThe Two Jack-a-LanternsShort Story13 Sep 1913
341913ChumsThe Adventure of the Chateau NoirShort Story20 Sep 1913
351913ChumsA Night of PerilShort Story27 Sep 1913
361913ChumsThe Fight in the SnowShort Story04 Oct 1913
371913ChumsThe Traitor AristocratShort Story11 Oct 1913
381913ChumsAn Adventure with Captain BarleycornShort Story18 Oct 1913
391913The Story-tellerThe Great AdventureNovellaOct 1913
401913ChumsExiles in PerilShort Story13 Dec 1913
411913The Story-tellerThe Prisoner of WarShort StoryDec 1913
421914ChumsThe War-Whoop of the RedskinsSerial Story21 Mar 1914
431914The Story-tellerThe Firebrand of La VendéeShort StoryAug 1914
441914ChumsCaptain SwingSerial Story12 Sep 1914
451915Cassell's Magazine of FictionThe Red DawnShort StoryApr 1915
461915ChumsA Blow for BritainShort Story1 May 1915
471915ChumsFor Drake and Merrie EnglandSerial Story19 Jun 1915
481915ChumsThe Spanish PirateShort Story28 Aug 1915
491915The New Magazine (UK)The Honour of Benbow BrookeShort StoryAug 1915
501916ChumsIn Quest of a KingdomSerial Story15 Jan 1916
511916The Story-tellerWhere the Heart LeadsNovellaJan 1916
521916The New Magazine (UK)The Little MethodistShort StoryFeb 1916
531916ChumsRimington's BungalowShort Story29 Apr 1916
541916ChumsOn the Trail of the Head-HuntersShort Story6 May 1916
551916ChumsThe Dwarfs of the Enchanted MountainsShort Story13 May 1916
561916ChumsThe Ape-Men of the PoolShort Story20 May 1916
571916ChumsHoist with His Own PetardShort Story27 May 1916
581916ChumsA Great AdventureShort Story03 Jun 1916
591916ChumsUnder the Black FlagSerial Story16 Sep 1916
601917ChumsThe FugitivesShort Story24 Feb 1917
611917The Story-tellerThe House of GhostsShort StoryFeb 1917
621917The New Magazine (UK)The Sword of MahometShort StoryMay 1917
631917ChumsThe Secret of the CordilleraShort Story16 Jun 1917
641917ChumsThe Ravine of Death!Short Story23 Jun 1917
651917ChumsThe Giant SlothShort Story30 Jun 1917
661917ChumsWild Riders of the PlainsShort Story07 Jul 1917
671917ChumsTrapped in a Lost City!Short Story14 Jul 1917
681917ChumsThe Temple of Mystery and TerrorShort Story21 Jul 1917
691917ChumsSpanish ReefShort Story20 Oct 1917
701917ChumsChristmas ChivalryShort Story08 Dec 1917
711918ChumsWhen the Guillotine ReignedSerial Story12 Jan 1918
721918ChumsDead Men Tell No TalesShort Story27 Apr 1918
731918ChumsThe Pirates of Skeleton IslandSerial Story20 Jul 1918
741918ChumsOn the Trail of the Master-SpyShort Story14 Sep 1918
751918ChumsThe Chateau of MysteryShort Story21 Sep 1918
761918ChumsTraitors and WolvesShort Story28 Sep 1918
771918ChumsForty ThievesShort Story05 Oct 1918
781918ChumsThe Death Knell!Short Story12 Oct 1918
791918ChumsA Duel to the DeathShort Story19 Oct 1918
801918The New Magazine (UK)In the CloistersShort StoryOct 1918
811918The New Magazine (UK)The RatNovellaNov 1918
821919ChumsThe Pearl StealersShort Story04 Jan 1919
831919ChumsOn the Trail of the Sea WolfShort Story25 Jan 1919
841919ChumsKing of the OutlawsSerial Story08 Mar 1919
851919ChumsPhantom JackSerial Story31 May 1919
861920ChumsThe Night RoversSerial Story24 Jan 1920
871920ChumsThe Queen's ChampionNovelette15 May 1920
881920ChumsSea Kings and Sea WolvesSerial Story18 Sep 1920
891921ChumsNearly Guillotined!Short Story13 Aug 1921
901921ChumsThe Adventures of Jack-a-LanternSerial Story17 Sep 1921
911921Cassell's Magazine of FictionPendragon of PendragonShort StoryNov 1921
921921The New Magazine (UK)The Keys of HeavenShort StoryDec 1921
931922ChumsRedskins on the War-TrailShort Story18 Mar 1922
941922Cassell's Magazine of FictionThe WolfNoveletteMar 1922
951922ChumsDead Men's CaveShort Story29 Apr 1922
961922ChumsThe Pirates of CathayShort Story22 Jul 1922
971922The New Magazine (UK)Wild JusticeNoveletteJul 1922
981922ChumsWhen the Vikings CameSerial Story16 Sep 1922
991922The Corner MagazineThirty Pieces of SilverShort StoryOct 1922
1001923ChumsIsland of FlamesShort Story13 Jan 1923
1011923ChumsThe Ghost TowerShort Story19 May 1923
1021923ChumsThe White SharkShort Story28 Jul 1923
1031923ChumsCaptives in El DoradoSerial Story15 Sep 1923
1041923ChumsThe Night RidersShort Story29 Dec 1923
1051924ChumsKidnapped and MaroonedSerial Story22 Mar 1924
1061924ChumsSea-Wolves of the MainShort Story02 Aug 1924
1071924ChumsThe Sword of Tallifer TruebladeSerial Story14 Sep 1924
1081924ChumsThe Robber BaronShort Story28 Dec 1924
1091925ChumsFlame-Beard's TreasureSerial Story08 Mar 1925
1101925ChumsThe Bloodhound from ParisShort Story07 Jun 1925
1111925ChumsDungeon and RackShort Story06 Sep 1925
1121926ChumsPowder-Monkey JackSerial Story14 Feb 1926
1131926ChumsPirate Sink-or-BurnShort Story12 Sep 1926
1141927ChumsMaroonedShort Story30 Jan 1927
1151927The Story-tellerThe Secret ChâteauShort StoryMar 1927
1161927The New Magazine (UK)The Angel of the PrisonShort StoryMay 1927
1171928ChumsThe Return of “Jack-a-Lantern”Short Story08 Mar 1928
1181928ChumsThe Night of the SwordsShort Story15 Mar 1928
1191928ChumsThe Lost Ones of the Lonely ChateauShort Story22 Mar 1928
1201928ChumsThe Vengeance of the Blue LightShort Story29 Mar 1928
1211928ChumsThe Executioner from RouenShort Story05 Apr 1928
1221928ChumsThe Outwitting of the BloodhoundShort Story12 Apr 1928
1231928ChumsThe Secret CastleShort Story19 Apr 1928
1241928ChumsTo Rescue the KingShort Story26 Apr 1928
1251928Aldine Adventure LibraryThe Pirates of El DoradoNovel#16 1928
1261929The Story-tellerThe RavenShort StoryApr 1929
1271929Cassell's MagazineThe Dancer and the GuillotineShort StoryMay 1929
1281929The Story-tellerThe Lonely InnShort StoryOct 1929
1291929ChumsRogues of the “Roaring Glory”Serial Story03 Dec 1929
1301930The New Magazine (UK)Red DawnShort StoryApr 1930
1311931ChumsDrake Goes West!Serial Story27 Oct 1931
1321934ChumsNelson's PerilShort Story19 Jul 1934
1331935ChumsNear the Shadow of the GuillotineShort Story19 Feb 1935
1341935ChumsBowmen of SherwoodShort Story19 Apr 1935
1351935ChumsRedskins on the War Trail!Short Story19 Jun 1935
1361935ChumsMarooned on Rover IslandShort Story19 Jul 1935
1371936Chums AnnualCaptain Crossbones’ TreasureShort Story1937 Annual
1381936Chums AnnualThe Decoy ShipShort Story1938 Annual
1391936Chums AnnualIn Quest of Black SolomonShort Story1939 Annual
1401936Chums AnnualRed Falcon's Last FightShort Story1940 Annual
1411936Chums AnnualThe Three Sea WolvesShort Story1941 Annual
1421936Chums AnnualThree Skulls IslandShort Story1942 Annual
1431939Chums AnnualThe Treasure of Pirates’ IslandNovella1943 Annual

Later life

Walkey's promotions at Lloyds had taken him from the West Country, but he returned there when he retired,[3] settling at Westcliffe Road in Dawlish, Devonshire, England. Kathleen died first, on 15 June 1949.[4] Walkey himself followed four years later, dying on 29 March 1953 in Teignmouth, Devonshire.[28]

Assessment

Turner states that Chums was chiefly remembered (when he was writing in 1948) for the pirate stories of Walkey and others. He notes that Walkey contributed his fast-moving tales of villainy for more than thirty years.[29] Cullingford noted that writers like Walkey had a large and devoted following.[30] The Cornishman noted that his stories were read with zest by the boys of England.[2]

Thomas told how on a visit to a boarding school, he had asked the boys if they had ever heard of Walkey; A shout went up  "Rather!". Thomas said that his own reputation was increased merely because he could tell boys a little bit about Walkey.[31] Perhaps Walkey is best assessed by his impact. Geoffrey Trease wrote that Walkey's Hurrah for Merry Sherwood! was his favourite story, and that it was therefore not surprising that the first boys' story he wrote was Bows against the Barons (1934).[32] Trease's boyhood impression of the French Revolution were all gained from a Walkey story about the reign of terror. He re-read the story and concluded that Walkey wrote quite well.[33] In a tongue-in-cheek review of Yo Ho! for the Spanish Main, Herbert advised boys not to buy the book as it would take away their appetite for cube root and the least common denominator and the pluperfect tense. He maintained that Mr. Walkey and his publisher were not sedate enough companions for the young not a sedate enough companion for the young.[31]

Notes

  1. John was evacuated from the Empire Windrush just before she sank in 1954.
  2. Available on-line at the British Library
  3. Available on-line at the British Library. This book was part of the standard stock of Boots Circulating Libraries in 1903.
  4. Adult Fiction. Three versions of this book are available online at the Hathi Trust, and one of these versions is also available at the Internet Archive . This book was part of the standard stock of Boots Circulating Libraries in 1903.
  5. Cassells Sixpenny Editions
  6. Adult Fiction
  7. Cassell's empire library for boys and girls
  8. Cassell's empire library for boys and girls
  9. Aldine Adventure Library. no. 16.
  10. The work of famous painters was used to illustrate the book, rather than having an illustrator in the usual way.
  11. Publisher identity from Abe Books, as not in Jisc catalogue.
  12. Makers of history no. 15

References

  1. National Archives (1939-09-29). 1939 Register; Reference: RG 101/6818FD: E.D. WFJA. Kew: National Archives.
  2. "Mr. Walkey's Departure". Cornishman (Thursday 10 December 1908): 5. 1908-12-10.
  3. Lofts, William Oliver Guillemont (1970). "Walkey, Samuel". The Men Behind Boy's Fiction. London: Howard Baker. p. 340. ISBN 0093047703. Retrieved 2020-02-07.
  4. "Birth, Marriages, & Deaths: Deaths". Western Morning News (Friday 17 June 1949): 4. 1949-06-17.
  5. St. James's Church. "Marriages solemnized in St Jame's in the Parish of Torpoint in the County of Cornwall in 1897". Cornwall, England, Parish Registers, 1538-2010. Torpoint: Parish of Torpoint. p. 37.
  6. "Wills and Probates 1858-1996: Pages for Towney and Year of Death 1988". Find a Will Service. Retrieved 2020-05-12.
  7. "Wills and Probates 1858-1996: Pages for Walkey and Year of Death 1970". Find a Will Service. Retrieved 2020-05-12.
  8. "Local and District News". Western Times (Monday 05 January 1914): 3. 1914-01-05.
  9. "Wills and Probates 1858-1996: Pages for Walkey and Year of Death 1989". Find a Will Service. Retrieved 2020-05-12.
  10. A. & C. Black Ltd. (1991). "Walkey, Maj. Gen. John Christoper". Who Was Who: Volume VIII 1980-1990: A Companion to Who's Who Containing the Biographies of Those Who Died Diring the Decade 1981-1990. III. New York: St Martin's Press. p. 785.
  11. "Troopship sinks wile in tow". Northern Whig (Tuesday 30 March 1954): 1. 1954-03-30.
  12. "Devon and Cornwall Bank: Amalgamated with Lloyds". Cornishman (Thursday 01 February 1906): 1. 1906-02-01.
  13. "Newton Urban". Exeter and Plymouth Gazette (Tuesday 17 January 1911): 6. 1911-01-17.
  14. "West of England News". Western Morning News (Monday 08 August 1921): 3. 1921-08-08.
  15. "Admiral's Will". Western Morning News (Tuesday 19 August 1924): 4. 1924-08-19.
  16. Adcock, John (2010-11-05). "Samuel Walkey (1871-1953)". Yesterday's Papers. Retrieved 2020-05-11.
  17. Kemp, Sandra; Mitchell, Charlotte; Trotter, David (1997). "Wynne, May". Edwardian Fiction: An Oxford Companion. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 425–426.
  18. "Chums". Croydon's Weekly Standard (Saturday 27 April 1901): 6. 1901-04-27.
  19. "Christmas Gift Books". The Sphere (Saturday 19 October 1901): 2. 1901-10-19.
  20. "Search Results for Author; Walkey, S." Library Hub Discover. Retrieved 2020-05-12.
  21. Walkey, Samuel (1897). In quest of Sheba's treasure : a perilous adventure by land and sea. London: Frederick Warne. Retrieved 2020-05-12.
  22. Walkey, Samuel (1897). Rogues of the Fiery Cross. A fighting tale of fighting days, etc. London: Cassell & Co. Ltd. Retrieved 2020-05-12.
  23. Boots Book-lovers Library (1903). "Works of Fiction". Modern English Literature: A selection of the best known works circulated by Books Book-lovers Library with which is embodies a guide to popular works of fiction. Nottingham: Boots Book-lovers Library. p. 456.
  24. Walkey, Samuel (1899). For the sake of the Duchesse; a page from the life of the Vicomte de Championnet. New York: Frederick A. Stokes Company. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t31260g3m. Retrieved 2020-05-12.
  25. Walkey, Samuel (1899). For the sake of the Duchesse; a page from the life of the Vicomte de Championnet. New York: Frederick A. Stokes Company. Retrieved 2020-05-12.
  26. "Cassell's Sixpenny Editions". Mid Sussex Times (Tuesday 25 August 1903): 4. 1903-08-25.
  27. Holland, Steve (2019-08-25). "Introduction". British Juvenile Story Papers and Pocket Libraries Index. Retrieved 2020-05-12.
  28. "Wills and Probates 1858-1996: Pages for Walkey and Year of Death 1953". Find a Will Service. Retrieved 2020-05-05.
  29. Turner, E. S (2012). "VI: Not so Callow". Boys will be Boys: The Story of Sweeny Todd, Deadwood Dick, Sexton Blake, Billy Bunter, Dick Barton et al. London: Faber and Faber. pp. unpaginated e-book.
  30. Cedric Cullingford (2000-11-01). Children's Literature and its Effects. A&C Black. p. 78. ISBN 978-1-84714-047-0. Retrieved 2020-05-12.
  31. Herbert, Thomas (1910-10-27). "One and All Notes: Yo-Ho! for the Spanish Main". Cornishman (Thursday 27 October 1910): 4.
  32. Trease, Geoffrey (1948). Tales out of School. London: The New Education Book Club. p. 24.
  33. Trease, Geoffrey (1948). Tales out of School. London: The New Education Book Club. p. 127.
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