Schumanniophyton problematicum

Schumanniophyton problematicum is a species of plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is found in Ivory Coast, Ghana, and Sierra Leone. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Schumanniophyton problematicum
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Gentianales
Family: Rubiaceae
Genus: Schumanniophyton
Species:
S. problematicum
Binomial name
Schumanniophyton problematicum
(A.Chev.) Aubrev.

Chemistry and Pharmacodynamics

The plant has been found to contain the alkaloids rohitukine and rohitukine N-oxide; the iridoid flavopiridol and the iridoid glycosides scyphiphorin A1–A2 and scyphiphorin B1–B2.[1] Flavopiridol (known also as Alvocidib INN) is a flavonoid alkaloid CDK9 kinase inhibitor under clinical development for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia, by a pharmaceutical company. It has been studied also for the treatment of arthritis[2] and atherosclerotic plaque formation[3] Flavopiridol is a synthetic analogue of the alkaloid rohitukine which was initially extracted from Aphanamixis polystachya (the alkaloid name being derived from the synonym Amoora rohituka) and later from Dysoxylum binectariferum [4][5] - both of which plant species belong to the family Meliaceae. The scyphiphorins were first isolated from (and subsequently named for) Scyphiphora hydrophylacea, which, like Schumanniophyton, belongs to the plant family Rubiaceae.[6]

References
  1. Martins D. and Nunez C.V., Secondary Metabolites from Rubiaceae Species Molecules 2015, 20, 13422-13495; doi:10.3390/molecules200713422 ISSN 1420-3049, p.13446
  2. Sekine C, Sugihara T, Miyake S, Hirai H, Yoshida M, Miyasaka N, Kohsaka H (2008). "Successful treatment of animal models of rheumatoid arthritis with small-molecule cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors". J. Immunol. 180 (3): 1954–61. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.180.3.1954. PMID 18209094.
  3. Ruef J, Meshel AS, Hu Z, Horaist C, Ballinger CA, Thompson LJ, Subbarao VD, Dumont JA, Patterson C (1999). "Flavopiridol inhibits smooth muscle cell proliferation in vitro and neointimal formation In vivo after carotid injury in the rat". Circulation. 100 (6): 659–65. doi:10.1161/01.cir.100.6.659. PMID 10441105.
  4. Harmon, AD; Weiss, U; Silverton, JV (1979). "The structure of rohitukine, the main alkaloid of Amoora rohituka (syn.Aphanamixis polystachya) (Meliaceae)". Tetrahedron Lett. 20 (1): 721–724. doi:10.1016/S0040-4039(01)93556-7.
  5. Lakdawala, AD; Shirole, MV; Mandrekar, SS; Dohadwalla, AN (1988). "Immunopharmacological potential of rohitukine: a novel compound isolated from the plant Dysoxylum binectariferum". Asia Pac J Pharmcol. 3 (1): 91–98.
  6. Zhang, Si, Tao, Shu-Hong, Qi, Shu Hua, Xiao, Zhi-Hui, and Li, Qing-Xin, Scyphiphorins C and D, Two New Iridoid Glycosides from the Chinese Mangrove Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea, October 2009, Heterocycles 78(6) DOI: 10.3987/COM-08-11634

Sources


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