Shahn Majid

At age five, he moved with his family from India to the UK, where his father went on to become a noted orthopaedic surgeon and his mother a primary school teacher and a published poet. He grew up in Hampstead, London, where he now lives, is married to Konstanze Rietsch, a University of Vienna and MIT trained pure mathematician based at King's College London, and has two children.

He did his B.A. and Part III diploma at the University of Cambridge following the Mathematical Tripos and based at Emmanuel College, Cambridge. In 1983, he was awarded a Herschel Smith Scholarship, which took him to Harvard University. At Harvard, he was a tutor at Eliot House, while engaged in his PhD jointly between the physics and pure mathematics departments, under Arthur Jaffe and Clifford Taubes respectively. Armed with his PhD in 1988, his first job was as a 1-year postdoc at the University of Swansea, before moving on a Drapers Fellowship to Pembroke College, Cambridge, where he remained a Fellow until his move to Queen Mary in 1999. The 10 years of research based in Cambridge University, DAMTP included two years as a visiting scholar back at Harvard and a variety of research fellowships including a Royal Society University Research Fellowship. In 1993, he was awarded a one-time Konrad Bleuler Medal by an international conference. He has been visiting professor at the Perimeter Institute, Oxford University, and Cambridge University, as well as a principal organiser along with Alain Connes and Albert Schwarz of a 6-month programme on noncommutative geometry at the Isaac Newton Institute in 2006. In 2009, he was a Leverhulme Trust Senior Research Fellow.

Majid wrote several early papers before his more established PhD work.[5][6] These included work on gauge fields as Fourier transform on the space of loops on a manifold and their quantisation as noncommutative geometry, a novel 'infinite spin' limit for handling infinities in quantum field theory and an infinitesimal explanation of quark confinement.

His 1988 PhD thesis introduced a 'bicrossproduct' type of quantum group at a time when few such objects were known. Halfway through his PhD research Vladimir Drinfeld and Michio Jimbo found another and more popular class of these objects, but the bicrossproduct ones have had a resurgence of interest in recent years. Majid rapidly established himself as a leading authority on all types of quantum groups and developed a distinctive Hopf algebraic approach to them, including well-known results on the quantum double and a duality construction for a monoidal category. His 1998 lectures on the topic in the Mathematical Tripos of the University of Cambridge were published by the London Mathematical Society.

In the 1990s, Majid introduced the theory of braided groups or braided Hopf algebras as the true objects underlying ${\displaystyle q}$-deformations. He proved the main theorems in the field of 'transmutation' and 'bosonisation' and constructed the first and still main examples of the theory, including quantum planes as an additive braided groups. Other well-known work includes a picture of the octonions as associative in a certain symmetric monoidal category.

Also in the 1990s he pioneered the theory and first models of noncommutative or quantum spacetimes. The 1994 Majid-Ruegg model in particular turned out to be testable by data now being collected by the GLAST-Fermi gamma ray space telescope. Whether his model is confirmed or not, the most important thing, according to Majid, is that unlike much of modern theoretical physics, it is testable. Recent works include theorems pointing to a new field of nonassociative geometry, noncommutative gravity and (2+1)-dimensional quantum gravity.

"Nature does not necessarily use the maths already in maths books, hence theoretical physicists should be prepared to explore ... all of pure mathematics"

This quote from Majid's On Space and Time was presented as reply to physicists who attack mathematicians while turning to maths books for structures to use in their theories, as if mathematics is a resource rather than part of the creative process. The subtle interplay between the creativity of pure mathematics and the fact-driven agenda of physics form the basis of a general philosophy of Relative Realism in which Majid argues that the nature of physical reality is not fundamentally different from the way that topics in pure mathematics are on the one hand created by definitions and on the other hand 'out there' waiting to be invented. Majid gives the more everyday example of the way that the reality experienced in a game of chess is created by the rules of chess and the choice to abide by them while at the same time, on another level, the rules of chess were themselves a reality waiting to be discovered by those seeking to invent board games. The general picture leads to a dualism between experiment and theory or 'principle of representation-theoretic self-duality' in which Majid argues that 'the search for the ultimate theory of physics is the search for self-dual structures in a self-dual category'. Although not accepted by professional philosophers of science, the philosophy has provided a point of view behind most of his research work.[7]

Numerous research publications and review articles, and the following three books:

• Majid, S. (1995), Foundations of Quantum Group Theory, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-64868-4
• Majid, S. (2002), A quantum groups primer, London Mathematical Society Lecture Note Series, 292, Cambridge University Press, Bibcode:2002qgp..book.....M, ISBN 978-0-521-01041-2
• S. Majid, ed. (2008), On Space and Time, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-88926-1
• Beggs, Edwin; Majid, Shahn (2020). Quantum Riemannian Geometry. Springer International Publishing. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-30294-8. ISBN 978-3-030-30293-1.

• Shahn Majid's Academic Home Page
• Partial list of downloadable research articles
• Talk at the 2009 Cambridge Science Festival about the origin of time
• Read the Preface of On Space and Time
• Amapaedia entry for On Space and Time
• 12 weekly blog posts by Shahn Majid at Cambridge University Press in 2008
• 2007 Podcast by Plus Magazine featuring Shahn Majid
• 2007 Article based on an interview with Shahn Majid by Plus Magazine
• 1998 feature in a photographic exhibition Faces of Mathematics
• Read Shahn Majid's philosophy essay on Physics v Maths circa 1997
• German article about Konrad Bleuler