Spokes Mashiyane

Johannes "Spokes" Mashiyane (born Vlakfontein (Mamelodi), Pretoria 20 January 1933; died at Baragwanath Hospital of cirrhosis of liver 9 February 1972) was regarded as one of the greatest pennywhistle artists who graced the South African kwela music scene from the 1950s to (approximately) the 1970s.[1] Arriving on the pennywhistle band scene as a juvenile domestic servant from the northern Sotho communities in the Transvaal alongside contemporaries of Alexandra boys such as Lemmy Mabaso, Barney Rachabane, Elias and Jack Lerole.[2] He stated that the pennywhistle's simplicity allowed for greater freedom to bend and blend notes. The success of his recordings provided significant revenue for his recording company, Gallo Record Company,[3] to which he had switched in 1958.[4] His success gained international notice by the 1960s - he played with Bud Shank among others during their visit to South Africa - and in July 1965 he was invited to the Newport Folk Festival.[5] This festival gained notoriety for the Electric Dylan controversy, but Spokes performance at the festival did receive notice and praise from Robert Shelton.[6] Spokes's work also had an influence on the Music of Zimbabwe.[7] He claimed that the inspiration for his songs were from his dreams. He played with other kwela greats of his time and his music is enjoyed by many to this day. He married his wife Mary in 1964, and they had two sons, Frederick and Eugene.

In 1989, South African band Mango Groove released Special Star as a tribute to Mashiyane.

Discography
Contributing artist

See also

References
  1. Muller, Carol Ann (2008). Focus: Music of South Africa. Routledge. p. 84. ISBN 978-0-415-96071-7.
  2. Coplan, David B. (2008). In Township Tonight! South Africa's Black City Music & Theatre. 2nd Ed. The University of Chicago Press. p. 191. ISBN 0226115674.
  3. The Garland Handbook of African Music pg 347
  4. Soweto Blues by Gwen Ansell, pg 130
  5. Huskisson, Yvonne (1992). Black Composers of Southern Africa: An Expanded Supplement to The Bantu Composers of Southern Africa. HSRC Press. p. 19. ISBN 978-0-7969-1252-7.
  6. A History of Folk Music Festivals in the United States by Ronald D. Cohen, Page 93
  7. Urban Grooves: The performance of politics in Zimbabwe's hip hop music by Wonderful G. Bere, Page 98


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