State University of New York

The State University of New York (SUNY /ˈsuːni/) is a system of public colleges and universities in New York State. It is the largest comprehensive system of universities, colleges, and community colleges in the United States,[2] with a total enrollment of 424,051 students, plus 2,195,082 adult education students, spanning 64 campuses across the state. Led by Chancellor Jim Malatras, the SUNY system has 91,182 employees, including 32,496 faculty members, and some 7,660 degree and certificate programs overall and a $10.7 billion budget.[3]

Not to be confused with University of the State of New York.
"SUNY" redirects here. For the American historian, see Ronald Grigor Suny. For the City University of New York, see City University of New York (CUNY).
State University of New York
MottoTo learn, to search, to serve
TypePublic university system
Established1948 (1948)
ChairmanMerryl Tisch
ChancellorJim Malatras
Vice-ChancellorRobert Megna
ProvostTod Laursen
Academic staff
32,496[1]
Students424,051[1]
Undergraduates382,488
Postgraduates41,563
Location
New York
,
United States
Campus64 campuses[1]
ColorsBlue and Gray
   
Websitewww.suny.edu

The SUNY system has four "university centers": Albany (1844), Binghamton (1946), Buffalo (1846), and Stony Brook (1957). SUNY's administrative offices are in Albany, the state's capital, with satellite offices in Manhattan and Washington, D.C. With 25,000 acres of land, SUNY's largest campus is SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry. While the SUNY system doesn't officially recognize a flagship university,[4][5] the University at Buffalo and Stony Brook University are sometimes treated as unofficial flagships.[6][7][8]

The State University of New York was established in 1948 by Governor Thomas E. Dewey, through legislative implementation of recommendations made by the Temporary Commission on the Need for a State University (1946–1948). The commission was chaired by Owen D. Young, who was at the time Chairman of General Electric. The system was greatly expanded during the administration of Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller, who took a personal interest in design and construction of new SUNY facilities across the state.

Apart from units of the City University of New York (CUNY), SUNY comprises all other institutions of higher education statewide that are state-supported. (SUNY and CUNY are completely separate systems.)

History

New York is one of the last states to set up a state college and university system. The first colleges were established privately, with some arising from local seminaries. But New York state had a long history of supported higher education prior to the creation of the SUNY system. The oldest college that is part of the SUNY System is SUNY Potsdam, established in 1816 as the St. Lawrence Academy. In 1835, the State Legislature acted to establish stronger programs for public school teacher preparation and designated one academy in each senatorial district to receive money for a special teacher-training department. The St. Lawrence Academy received this distinction and designated the village of Potsdam as the site of a Normal School in 1867.[9]

On May 7, 1844, the State legislature voted to establish New York State Normal School in Albany as the first college for teacher education. In 1865, the privately endowed Cornell University was designated as New York's land grant college, and it began direct financial support of four of Cornell's colleges in 1894. From 1889 to 1903, Cornell operated the New York State College of Forestry, until the Governor vetoed its annual appropriation. The school was moved to Syracuse University in 1911. It is now the State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry. In 1908, the State legislature began the NY State College of Agriculture at Alfred University.

In 1946-48 a Temporary Commission on the Need for a State University, chaired by Owen D. Young, Chairman of the General Electric Company, studied New York's existing higher education institutions. It was known New York's private institutions of higher education were highly discriminatory and failed to provide for many New Yorkers.[10] Noting this need, the commission recommended the creation of a public state university system. In 1948 legislation was passed establishing SUNY on the foundation of the teacher-training schools established in the 19th century. Most of them had already developed curricula similar to those found at four-year liberal arts schools long before the creation of SUNY, as evidenced by the fact they had become known as "Colleges for Teachers" rather than "Teachers' Colleges."

On October 8, 1953, SUNY took a historic step of banning national fraternities and sororities that discriminated based on race or religion from its 33 campuses.[11] Various fraternities challenged this rule in court. As a result, national organizations felt pressured to open their membership to students of all races and religions. The SUNY resolution which was upheld in court states:

Resolved that no social organization shall be permitted in any state-operated unit of the State University which has any direct or indirect affiliation or connection with any national or other organization outside the particular unit; and be it further

Resolved that no such social organization, in policy or practice, shall operate under any rule which bars students on account of race, color, religion, creed, national origin or other artificial criteria; and be it further

Resolved that the President be, and hereby is, authorized to take such steps as he may deem appropriate to implement this policy, including the determination of which student organizations are social as distinguished from scholastic or religious, and his decision shall be final.[12]

Despite being one of the last states in the nation to establish a state university, the system was quickly expanded during the chancellorship of Samuel B. Gould and the administration of Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller, who took a personal interest in the design and construction of new SUNY facilities across the state.[13][14] Rockefeller championed the acquisition of the private University of Buffalo into the SUNY system, making the public State University of New York at Buffalo.[15]

Organization

SUNY is governed by a State University of New York Board of Trustees, which consists of eighteen members, fifteen of whom are appointed by the Governor, with consent of the New York State Senate. The sixteenth member is the President of the Student Assembly of the State University of New York. The last two members are the Presidents of the University Faculty Senate and Faculty Council of Community Colleges, both of whom are non-voting. The Board of Trustees appoints the Chancellor who serves as SUNY Chief Executive Officer.

The state of New York assists in financing the SUNY system, which, along with CUNY, provides lower-cost college-level education to residents of the state. SUNY students also come from out-of-state and 171 foreign countries, though tuition is higher for these students. Although tuition is higher for these non-resident students, their tuition is subsidized by New York State taxpayers.

There is a large variety of colleges in the SUNY system with some overlap in specialties between sites. SUNY divides its campuses into four distinct categories: university centers/doctoral-granting institutions, comprehensive colleges, technology colleges, and community colleges. SUNY also includes statutory colleges, state-funded colleges within other institutions such as Cornell University and Alfred University. Students at the statutory colleges who are residents of New York state receive the benefit of state-subsidized tuition while enjoying all of the campus life amenities of the host institutions.

SUNY and the City University of New York (CUNY) are different university systems, both funded by New York State. Also, SUNY is not to be confused with the University of the State of New York (USNY), which is the governmental umbrella organization for most education-related institutions and many education-related personnel (both public and private) in New York State, and which includes, as components, the New York State Education Department and the New York State University Police.

Presidents and chancellors
SUNY System Administration Building "The SUNY Castle" in Albany
ExecutiveTitleTerm
Alvin C. EurichPresidentJanuary 1, 1949 – August 31, 1951
Charles GarsideActing PresidentSeptember 1, 1951 – March 31, 1952
William S. CarlsonPresidentApril 1, 1952 – September, 1958
Thomas H. HamiltonPresidentAugust 1, 1959 – December 31, 1962
J. Lawrence MurrayActing Chief Administrative OfficerJanuary 1, 1963 – August 31, 1964
Samuel B. GouldPresident
Chancellor		September 1, 1964 – January 11, 1967
January 12, 1967 – August 30, 1970
Ernest L. BoyerChancellorSeptember 1, 1970 – March 31, 1977
James F. KellyActing ChancellorApril 1, 1977 – January 24, 1978
Clifton R. Wharton, Jr.ChancellorJanuary 25, 1978 – January 31, 1987
Jerome B. KomisarActing ChancellorFebruary 1, 1987 – July 31, 1988
D. Bruce JohnstoneChancellorAugust 1, 1988 – February 28, 1994
Joseph C. BurkeInterim ChancellorMarch 1, 1994 – November 30, 1994
Thomas A. BartlettChancellorDecember 1, 1994 – June 30, 1996
John W. RyanInterim Chancellor
Chancellor		July 1, 1996 – April 20, 1997
April 21, 1997 – December 31, 1999
Robert L. KingChancellorJanuary 1, 2000 – May 31, 2005
John R. RyanActing Chancellor
Chancellor		June 1, 2005 – December 19, 2005
December 20, 2005 – May 31, 2007
John B. ClarkInterim ChancellorJune 1, 2007 – December, 2008
John J. O’ConnorOfficer-in-ChargeDecember 22, 2008 – May 31, 2009
Nancy L. ZimpherChancellorJune 1, 2009 – September 4, 2017
Kristina M. Johnson Chancellor September 5, 2017 – August 31, 2020
Jim Malatras Chancellor August 31, 2020 – present

Student representation
Student Services at SUNY Purchase College

The SUNY Board of Trustees has a voting student member on the board. The student trustee serves a dual role as the President of the Student Assembly of the State University of New York (SUNYSA). SUNYSA is the recognized student government of the SUNY system.

In the 1970s, students pressed for voting representation on the governing board of SUNY colleges. In 1971, the State Legislature added five student voting members to Cornell's Board of Trustees. However, at that time, all members of a board must be over the age of 21 for a corporation to hold a liquor license, so to allow Cornell to retain its license, the legislature had to go back to amend NYS Alcoholic Beverage Control Law § 126(4) to require half the board must be 21.

In 1975, the legislature added a non-voting student seat to the boards of all SUNY units. Two Attorney General of the State of New York opinion letters[16] reduced the parliamentary rights of the student members to participate at meetings and indicated they were not in fact Public Officers, and arguably subject to personal liability from lawsuits. In 1977, another statutory amendment made student members of SUNY councils and boards subject to the NYS Public Officers Law or NYS General Municipal Law and granted student representatives parliamentary powers of moving or seconding motions and of placing items on the agendas of the bodies. Finally, the legislature gave full voting rights to the student members in 1979, resulting in the students of all SUNY units having voting representatives, except for the NYS College of Environmental Science and Forestry. Finally, in 1986, the legislature gave the student representative of that college voting rights as well.[17]

Libraries

The SUNY Libraries Consortium (SLC) is an independent organisation which supports its members,[18] the libraries of SUNY.[19]

Campuses
See also: List of State University of New York units
Location of SUNY campuses within New York state.
Red: University centers; Black: Other doctoral-granting institutions; Yellow: Comprehensive colleges; Green: Technology colleges; Blue: Community colleges.
University at Albany
Binghamton University
Buffalo State College
University at Buffalo
Stony Brook University
SUNY Oswego campus as viewed from Glimmerglass Lagoon
FLCC's distinctive dormitories

University centers

Doctoral degree granting institutions
See also: Statutory college

Comprehensive colleges

Technology colleges

Community colleges

Statistics


Size and financing

New York's largest public university by enrollment is the State University of New York at Buffalo, which was founded by U.S President and Vice President Millard Fillmore. Buffalo has an enrollment total of approximately 32,000 students and receives the most applications out of all SUNY schools.[85][86][87]

Campus Acreage Founded Enrollment Endowment Operations Athletics Nickname Athletics
Albany 586 1844 17,600 US$65.3 million $548.3 million Great Danes NCAA Div I America East
Binghamton 930 1946 16,695 US$116 million $456.2 million Bearcats NCAA Div I America East
Buffalo 1,346 1846 31,923 US$725 million $3.53 billion Bulls NCAA Div I
Mid-American
Stony Brook 1,454 1957 26,814 US$305.0 million $2.09 billion Seawolves NCAA Div I America East

Selectivity, admissions and rankings
School U.S. News & World Report, Best National Universities 2021 (undergraduate)[88] Percent students admitted[89] Middle 50% SAT[90] Students in top 10% of class Middle 90% GPA
Albany160th, National Universities (tie)56%[91]1130–130020%88-94
Binghamton88th, National Universities (tie)44%[92]1300–1450Not reported92-95
Buffalo88th, National Universities (tie)51%[93]1150–133035%90-96
Stony Brook88th, National Universities (tie)41%[94]1250 -1340Not reported91 - 97

Costs

For the 2017-2018 academic year, tuition costs at SUNY schools for an undergraduate degree are less than two-thirds the cost of most public colleges in the United States. For example, tuition at the University at Buffalo for an undergraduate degree is $9,828 per semester or $27,068 per year for non-resident students.[95] Undergraduate tuition for non-resident students at the University of Maryland is $35,216 per year.[96] Non-resident tuition and fees at University of Oregon are $32,535 per year.[97]

New York State also offers free tuition for all public college and universities for families who have an income of lower than $125,000 and are residents of the state. Other requirements to qualify for free SUNY education include full-time enrollment and staying in the state for a number of years after graduating.[98][99]

In the 2017-2018 award year, 70,694 SUNY students received the Federal Pell Grant.[100]

"No Student Goes Hungry" Initiative

Although 3.3 million SUNY students were eligible for federal SNAP food benefits in 2016, only about half reported participation in the program.[101]

In 2019, a “No Student Goes Hungry” Initiative was implemented, and on-campus food pantries were available at 70% of SUNY locations. Some on-campus pantries serve faculty and staff, as well as students. The remaining 30% of SUNY locations partner with off-site pantries and community organizations to ensure "stigma-free" access to food.[101][102]

Research funding
School NSF Funding Rank Funding Dollars (USD)[103]
Albany134137,759,000
Binghamton16176,005,000
Buffalo56387,863,000
Brockport5771,321,000
Buffalo State5152,106,000
Cobleskill625908,000
Cortland629819,000
Downstate21139,354,000
ESF25921,239,000
Farmingdale4413,213,000
Geneseo5921,201,000
Optometry4283,637,000
Oswego632725,000
Purchase5671,433,000
Stony Brook97225,712,000
Upstate22234,286,000

SUNY Chancellor's Award for Student Excellence

The SUNY Chancellor's Award for Student Excellence is an annual award given out by the SUNY system to distinguished student leaders across the State of New York. Established in 1997, the system considers the Chancellor's Award to be "the highest honor bestowed upon the student body."[104]

Athletics

Every school within the SUNY system manages its own athletics program, which greatly varies the level of competition at each institution.

Division I

Divisions II and III
  • Most SUNY colleges, technical schools and community schools compete at the NCAA Division III level.

Other associations

Rivalries

The most prominent intra-SUNY rivalry is between the Albany Great Danes and Binghamton Bearcats. The two belong to the America East Conference. Frequently referred to as the I-88 Rivalry, Binghamton and Albany sit at either end of Interstate 88 (roughly 2.5 hours apart). Both teams are known to post the highest visitor attendance at either school's athletic events. Both schools also have less intense rivalries with a fellow America East member, the Stony Brook Seawolves. In football, a sport not sponsored by the America East, Albany and Stony Brook have a rivalry in the Colonial Athletic Association.

The University at Buffalo tends to have a rivalry in basketball with two private colleges in the same geographical area. Canisius College and Buffalo's South Campus are 2.5 miles apart on Main St. in Buffalo. Their other rival is Niagara University in Lewiston, NY.

SUNY Oswego and SUNY Plattsburgh also share a notable rivalry in Division III Hockey, with that game almost always having the SUNYAC regular season title up for grabs.

SUNY Cobleskill and SUNY Delhi rivalry focuses on basketball, cross country, and previously track, although Cobleskill track and field started competing at the NCAA Division III level in spring 2009. The SUNY Delhi 2003-2004 basketball season was canceled after a basketball game was called with 48 seconds left after several SUNY Delhi basketball players nearly started a brawl in the Ioro Gymnasium at SUNY Cobleskill on Wednesday February 4, 2004.

SUNY Oneonta has developed a rivalry in almost every sport with SUNY Cortland. They share the red dragon as a team nickname, and their matchups are known as the "Battle of the Red Dragons".

There is an unusual sports rivalry between SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry and Finger Lakes Community College, with both campuses sponsoring nationally ranked teams in woodsman competitions.

SUNY Press

The State University of New York Press (SUNY Press) is a university press and a Center for Scholarly Communication. The Press is part of the State University of New York system and is located in Albany, New York. It was founded in 1966, and publishes scholarly works in various fields.[107]

The SUNY Press has agreements with several print-on-demand and electronic vendors, such as Ingram, Integrated Books International, EBSCO, ProQuest, Project MUSE, the Philosophy Documentation Center, Google, and Amazon. SUNY Press is also a member of the Association of University Presses.[108]

Books published by SUNY Press are 80% scholarly works from professors within the SUNY system or other schools and universities. Referring to the remaining 20%, which are considered to be more appropriate for a general audience, co-director of SUNY Press James Peltz said, "You don't have to be a scholar to read [them]." [109]

See also

References
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  4. Applebone, Peter (July 23, 2010). "The Accidental Giant of Higher Education". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 13, 2020. Retrieved December 31, 2020.
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