Superior Council for Private Enterprise

The Superior Council for Private Enterprise (Consejo Superior de la Empresa Privada, or COSEP) is a leading business chamber in Nicaragua. As of September 2020, its president is Michael Healy, elected to a three-year term.[1] He succeeded José Adán Aguerri,[2] who was COSEP’s President for 13 years.[3]

Historically COSEP has been the main organization of Nicaraguan big business, and in the late 20th century was composed of prosperous families from the Pacific coast cities, who dominated commerce and banking.[4]

During the Sandinista revolution (1979–1990), COSEP opposed the Sandinistas’ economic policies.[5] Later, in 1990 when the conservative candidate of the National Opposition Union (UNO), Violeta Barrios de Chamorro, defeated Sandinista Daniel Ortega for president, COSEP was part of the alliance of 14 opposition groups that made up UNO.

But when a more pragmatic approach allowed Ortega to be re-elected president in 2006, COSEP worked in cooperation with him. The arrangement, touted the “consensus model” of governance, is said to have led to Nicaragua having "the fastest-growing economy in Central America" and being a "poster child for foreign investment and citizen security in a region known for gangs and unrest".[6] This ended in April 2018 when Ortega's unpopular decree to "unilaterally overhaul the social-security tax system"[6] broke his arrangement with COSEP[6] and precipitated bloody protests.[7][8] COSEP subsequently joined the Civic Alliance, a broad coalition opposing the government.

References
  1. Bejarano, Manuel (April 11, 2018). "Cosep: solución al INSS no debe afectar competitividad y la formalidad". El Nuevo Diario (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 23 April 2018. Retrieved 23 April 2018.
  2. Navas, Lucía (2020-08-10). "Cómo la represión anuló a Bayardo Arce. ¿Qué hace ahora el asesor presidencial y antiguo enlace con el sector privado?". La Prensa (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2021-01-12. Retrieved 2021-01-12.
  3. Olivares, Iván (11 September 2020). "Michael Healy: "We Won't Negotiate with the Government"". Confidencial (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 1 February 2021. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
  4. Baumeister, Eduardo. "The politics of land reform" in Close, David; Marti i Puig, Salvador; McConnell, Shelley, eds. (2012). The Sandinistas & Nicaragua Since 1979. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers. p. 250. ISBN 978-1-58826-798-6 – via EBSCOHost.
  5. DeFronzo, James (2011). Revolutions and Revolutionary Movements (4th ed.). Boulder: Westview Press. p. 264. ISBN 9780813344805.
  6. Rogers, Tim (6 June 2018). "The Unraveling of Nicaragua". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on 28 July 2020. Retrieved 13 July 2020.
  7. Gallón, Natalie (18 June 2020). "'There are two realities.' What is really happening in Nicaragua during the pandemic?". CNN. Archived from the original on 13 July 2020. Retrieved 13 July 2020.
  8. Gies, Heather (22 April 2018). "At least 10 killed as unrest intensifies in Nicaragua". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
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