Surname law

Surname law can refer to any law regulating the use of surnames.

Iceland

Icelandic law enforces the conventions of Icelandic names, which require that the last name be derived from a given name of the father or mother, suffixed with "-son" or "-dóttir". The law allows both derivations to be used, and for foreign last names to be inherited or kept by foreigners. This means that a father, mother, and child will all typically have different last names.[1] Foreigners who marry an Icelander and get Icelandic citizenship can take the last name of their partner, or a patronym or matronym from the name of a parent or parent-in-law; these possibilities are not necessarily open to native Icelanders.[2]

Further information: Icelandic Naming Committee

Iran
Main article: Persian name § Surnames

Reza Shah Pahlavi ordered Iranians to adopt Western style surnames in place of old Islamic names and titles during his reign.[3]

Japan

A law in Japan, dating from 1896, requires a married couple to have a common surname. Most commonly it was the wife who took her husband's name. In 2011, this law was challenged as unconstitutional on gender equality grounds, but the Supreme Court of Japan upheld the law in 2015.[4]

Prussian-ruled Poland

Prussia tasked the implementation of surnames to E. T. A. Hoffmann.[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]

Thailand

According to the current law, Person Name Act, BE 2505 (1962), to create a new Thai name, it must not be longer than ten Thai letters, excluding vowel symbols and diacritics.[14] The same law also forbids the creation of a surname that duplicated any existing surnames, but there are some duplicates dating to the time before computer databases were available to prevent this.[15] Some creations added the name of their location (muban, tambon or amphoe) into surnames, similar to family name suffixes.[16][17][18]

Turkey
Main article: Surname Law (Turkey)

On 21 June 1934, Turkey adopted the Surname Law which required all its citizens to adopt and use Western-style surnames. Only names with Turkish origin were permitted, and non-Turks with pre-existing surnames were required to adopt new Turkish names.

See also
  • Naming law – Various laws restricting the names that parents can legally give to their children

References
  1. http://wsimag.com/culture/2248-the-peculiarities-of-icelandic-naming
  2. http://icelandreview.com/stuff/ask-ir/2014/07/11/icelandic-naming-laws
  3. https://web.archive.org/web/20060912101324/http://www2.hawaii.edu/~majid/draft_papers/secularization/secularization.html
  4. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/dec/16/japanese-court-rules-married-women-cannot-keep-their-surnames
  5. http://www.mrshea.com/germusa/customs/davies.htm
  6. http://www.researcheasterneurope.org.uk/genealogy-research/bestowing-jewish-surnames-in-partitioned-poland
  7. http://www.bluebirdresearch.com/2010/06/bestowing-jewish-surnames-in-partitioned-poland/
  8. https://zippyfacts.com/why-did-jewish-immigrants-from-europe-change-their-names-when-they-arrived-in-north-america/
  9. http://newsgroups.derkeiler.com/Archive/Soc/soc.genealogy.jewish/2005-08/msg00168.html
  10. http://crookedtimber.org/2007/02/22/trees-flowers-mountains-stones/
  11. Norman Davies (1996). Europe: A History. Oxford University Press. pp. 169, 731. ISBN 978-0-19-820171-7.
  12. Leopold Tyrmand (31 March 2014). Diary 1954. Northwestern University Press. pp. 362–. ISBN 978-0-8101-6749-0.
  13. Doug Lennox (6 December 2013). Now You Know Absolutely Everything: Absolutely every Now You Know book in a single ebook. Dundurn. pp. 452–. ISBN 978-1-4597-2478-5.
  14. รศ. ดร.นิตยา กาญจนะวรรณ. เรื่องของนามสกุล (๑) (in Thai). Royal Institute of Thailand. Archived from the original on 2014-12-28. Retrieved 2014-12-28.
  15. รศ. ดร.นิตยา กาญจนะวรรณ. เรื่องของนามสกุล (๒) (in Thai). Royal Institute of Thailand. Archived from the original on 2014-12-28. Retrieved 2014-12-28.
  16. สุวรรณ ทำเสมอดี (1995). นามสกุลชาวโคราช [Surnames of Korat people] (in Thai). Retrieved 2014-12-28. ในจังหวัดนครราชสีมาหรือโคราชนั้น นิยมตั้งนามสกุลตามภูมิลำเนาที่เกิด หรืออยู่อาศัย ใช้ชื่อตำบล อำเภอ และหมู่บ้านเป็นส่วนท้ายของนามสกุล
  17. "อำเภอโนนสูง" [Non Sung District]. Ministry of Culture (Thailand). Retrieved 2014-12-28. ชาวอำเภอโนนสูง ส่วนใหญ่ จะมีนามสกุล ลงท้ายด้วยคำว่า "กลาง" ซึ่งเป็นชื่อเดิมของอำเภอ เป็นส่วนใหญ่ ซึ่งเป็นเอกลักษณ์ของชาวอำเภอโนนสูง เช่นเดียวกับอำเภออื่น ๆ ในจังหวัดนครราชสีมา ที่นิยมลงท้ายนามสกุลด้วยชื่ออำเภอDOC(in Thai)
  18. ต้นตระกูลไธสง (in Thai). Archived from the original on December 1, 2014. Retrieved 2014-12-28.CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
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