Tantalum(III) chloride

Tantalum(III) chloride or tantalum trichloride is non-stoichiometric with a range of composition from TaCl2.9 to TaCl3.1[2] Anionic and neutral clusters containing Ta(III) chloride include [Ta6Cl18]4− and [Ta6Cl14](H2O)4.[3]

Structure of edge-capped octahedral clusters such as Ta6Cl182−.[4]
Tantalum(III) chloride
Names
Other names
tantalum trichloride
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.033.611
EC Number
  • 236-988-7
Properties
Cl3Ta
Molar mass 287.30 g·mol−1
Appearance black-green
Melting point 440 °C (824 °F; 713 K) decomposes[1]
yes
Related compounds
Other anions
Tantalum(III) bromide
Tantalum(III) iodide
Other cations
Niobium(III) chloride
Related compounds
Ta6Cl15
Tantalum(IV) chloride
Tantalum(V) chloride
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Formation

Tantalum(III) chloride is formed by reducing tantalum(V) chloride with tantalum metal. this is done by heating tantalum(III) chloride to 305°C, passing the vapour over tantalum foil at 600°, and condensing the trichloride at 365°C. If the condensing region is kept at too high a temperature, then TaCl2.5 deposits instead.[5]

The trichloride can also be prepared by thermal decomposition of TaCl4, with removal of volatile TaCl5. TaCl5 can be vapourised leaving behind TaCl3.[6]

Reduction of a toluene solution of TaCl5 with 1,4-disilyl-cyclohexadiene in the presence of ethylene produces a complex of TaCl3:[7]

TaCl5 + C6H6(SiMe3)2 → "TaCl3" + C6H6 + 2 Me3SiCl

Properties

Above 500 °C, TaCl3 disproportionates further releasing TaCl5.[6] TaCl3 is insoluble in room temperature water, or dilute acid, but dissolves in boiling water. A blue-green solution is formed.[6]

Complexes

Tantalum(III) chloride can form complexes with some ligands as a monomer or dimer.

Complexes include Ta(=C-CMe3)(PMe3)2Cl3, [TaCl3(P(CH2C6H5)3THF]2μ-N2 and [TaCl3THF2]2μ-N2 (dinitrogen complexes).[8]

As a dimer, complexes include Ta2Cl6(SC4H8)3 (SC4H8=tetrahydrothiophene). Ta2Cl6(SMe2)3, Ta2Cl6(thiane)3 and Ta2Cl6(thiolane)3 have a double bond between the two tantalum atoms, and two bridging chlorides, and a bridging ligand.[9]

References

  1. Haynes, William M. (2016). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (97 ed.). CRC Press. p. 4–97. ISBN 978-1-4987-5429-3.
  2. Cotton, F Albert; Wilkinson, Geoffrey (1966). Advanced Inorganic Chemistry A Comprehensive Text. John Wiley. p. 927.
  3. Duraisamy, Thirumalai; Hay, Daniel N. T.; Messerle, Louis (2014). "Octahedral Hexatantalum Halide Clusters". Inorganic Syntheses: Volume 36. Inorganic Syntheses. 36. pp. 1–8. doi:10.1002/9781118744994.ch1. ISBN 9781118744994.
  4. Thaxton, C. B.; Jacobson, R. A. (1971). "The Crystal Structure of H2(Ta6Cl18)(H2O)6". Inorganic Chemistry. 10: 1460–1463. doi:10.1021/ic50101a029.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  5. Gutmann, Viktor (2012). Halogen Chemistry. Elsevier. p. 158. ISBN 978-0-323-14847-4.
  6. Remy, Heinrich (1963). Treatise on Inorganic Chemistry: Sub-groups of the periodic table and general topics. Elsevier Publishing Company. p. 115.
  7. Arteaga-Müller, Rocío; Tsurugi, Hayato; Saito, Teruhiko; Yanagawa, Masao; Oda, Seiji; Mashima, Kazushi (2009). "New Tantalum Ligand-Free Catalyst System for Highly Selective Trimerization of Ethylene Affording 1-Hexene: New Evidence of a Metallacycle Mechanism". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 131 (15): 5370–5371. doi:10.1021/ja8100837. PMID 20560633.
  8. Churchill, Melvyn Rowen.; Wasserman, Harvey J. (January 1982). "The Ta(.mu.-N2)Ta system. 2. Crystal structure of [TaCl3(P(bz)3)(THF)]2(.mu.-N2)..apprx.0.7CH2Cl2. A binuclear di-imido complex of octahedral tantalum (V)". Inorganic Chemistry. 21 (1): 218–222. doi:10.1021/ic00131a040.
  9. Matsuura, Masatoshi; Fujihara, Takashi; Kakeya, Masaki; Sugaya, Tomoaki; Nagasawa, Akira (November 2013). "Dinuclear niobium(III) and tantalum(III) complexes with thioether and selenoether ligands [{MIIIX2(L)}2(μ-X)2(μ-L)] (M = Nb, Ta; X = Cl, Br; L = R2S, R2Se): Syntheses, structures, and the optimal conditions and the mechanism of the catalysis for regioselective cyclotrimerization of alkynes". Journal of Organometallic Chemistry. 745–746: 288–298. doi:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.07.035.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.