Whyte's double-collared sunbird

Whyte's double-collared sunbird (Cinnyris whytei) is a species of bird in the family Nectariniidae. It was considered a subspecies of Ludwig's double-collared sunbird. It is found in Zambia, Malawi, and Tanzania. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Whyte's double-collared sunbird
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Nectariniidae
Genus: Cinnyris
Species:
C. whytei
Binomial name
Cinnyris whytei
(Benson, 1948)
Synonyms

Cinnyris ludovicensis whytei

Taxonomy
 

C. reichenowi

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

C. whytei whytei

 
 

C. whytei skye

 
 
 

C. stuhlmanni

 
 
 
 

C. afer

 
 

C. manoensis

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

C. chalybeus

 
 
 

C. regius

 
 
 
 

C. fuellerborni

 
 
 

C. moreaui

 
 

C. loveridgei

 
 
 
 
 

C. mediocris

 
 

C. usambaricus

 
 
 
 
 
 

C. ludovicensis

 
 
 
Relationships between the African Cinnyris based on Bowie et al. (2016)

In 1948 C.W. Benson described the subspecies C. afer whytei collected in the highlands of Nyassaland (Malawi). He named it after Mr Alexander Whyte who collected the first two specimens of the species in 1896.[1] After reorganizations of this confusing[2] complex of species[3] it was later placed as a subspecies of Cinnyris ludovicensis and still later treated as a full species. In the Eastern Arc Mountains in Tanzania a new subspecies (C. w. skye) was observed in 2000. Thereafter extensive research followed including molecular phylogenetic studies on the complex of African double collared sunbird taxa. The sunbirds found in the highlands of Zambia, Malawi and Tanzania appeared to constitute a clade which strongly differed from Ludwig's double-collared sunbird, C. ludovicensis. Therefore, C. whytei has been split from C. ludovicensis.[4]

There are two subspecies:[5]

  • C. w. whytei in Zambia and Malawi
  • C. w. skye in the Eastern Arc Mountains in Tanzania.

References
  1. Benson, C W (1948). "A New Race of Sun bird from Nyasaland". Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club. 69: 19–20.
  2. MacDonald, J. D (2008). "Old and New Lines in Taxonomy". Ibis. 101 (3–4): 330–334. doi:10.1111/j.1474-919X.1959.tb02389.x.
  3. Paterson, Mary (1954). "The identity of Cinnyris afer whytei Benson". 74: 35–36. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  4. Bowie, Rauri C. K; Fjeldså, Jon; Kiure, Jacob; Kristensen, Jan Bolding (2016). "A new member of the greater double-collared sunbird complex (Passeriformes: Nectariniidae) from the Eastern Arc Mountains of Africa". Zootaxa. 4175 (1): 23–42. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4175.1.3. PMID 27811770.
  5. Gill, F; Donsker, D, eds. (2017). "IOC World Bird List (v 7.3)". doi:10.14344/IOC.ML.7.3. Retrieved 12 October 2017. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)


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