William Orlando Markham

William Orlando Markham FRCP (1818–1891) was an English physician and pioneer of cardiology.[2][3]

William Orlando Markham
William Orlando Markham Lithograph by G. B. Black, 1862. Courtesy of Wellcome Trust.
Born	(1818-01-28)28 January 1818 Northampton
Died	23 January 1891(1891-01-23) (aged 72) Clapham Common[1]
Resting place	Brookwood Cemetery, Brookwood, Surrey

After education at Edinburgh, Paris, and Heidelberg, William Markham graduated in 1840 M.D. in the University of Edinburgh, where he obtained a gold medal for his thesis on the surgical practice of Paris, illustrated by cases. He became house-surgeon to the York Road Lying-in Hospital and soon after was appointed physician to the Blenheim Street Dispensary. He resigned that position when he was elected to the Western General Dispensary, New Road. At St Mary's Hospital, Markham was appointed in 1851 assistant physician and in 1857 full physician, resigning in December 1867.[2] At St Mary's Hospital, he was from 1854 to 1860 lecturer on pathology and 1857 to 1860 lecturer on physiology. He was elected FRCP in 1854.[3]

Markham was from January 1861 to August 1866 the editor-in-chief of the British Medical Journal.[2] From 1867 to 1870 he was Poor Law inspector and medical adviser to the Poor Law Board; however, he resigned in November 1870 because of failing health.[2]

His chief interest was in cardiology and his Diseases of the Heart (1856), perhaps the first work to distinguish the characteristic physical signs of mitral stenosis, was accepted as authoritative and went into a second edition. He was Goulstonian Lecturer in 1864 at the Royal College of Physicians. Markham was a man of considerable private means and, when his health began to fail in 1870, was able to retire in comfort.[3]