YouTube in education

The video sharing platform YouTube has become widely used in educational settings.

History

YouTube was founded as a video distribution platform in 2005 and is now the most visited website in the US as of 2019.[1] Almost immediately after the site's launch, educational institutions, such as MIT OpenCourseWare and TED, were using it for the distribution of their content. Soon after, many independent creators began to experiment with science learning. Some of the most popular early educators are listed below:

Khan Academy

Khan Academy creates tutorials in almost all areas of science and mathematics, as well as providing official SAT preparation. The YouTube channel was founded in 2006 by Sal Khan who at the time was working as a financial analyst. The videos he created reached unprecedented levels of popularity, with hundreds of millions of views in the first few years of operation.[2] This lead Khan to start the Khan Academy Non-profit Organization in 2008 and quit his job to focus on education in 2009. To date, Khan Academy has produced over 20,000 videos[3] with over 1.7 billion views on YouTube.[4]

Smarter Every Day

Destin Sandlin, the creator of the YouTube channel "Smarter Every Day", has been posting educational videos on the site since 2007. Each episode of the series poses a specific yet interesting question or topic. Over the course of about a half an hour, Destin meets with experts and experiments with different concepts in order to gain an in depth understanding of the topic, and presents it to the YouTube audience. Destin's videos covers everything from in depth rocket science[5][6] to understanding the way our brain works by training to use a "backwards bike".[7] Destin interviewed President Barack Obama in 2016.[8]

Vsauce

Vsauce began in the mind of Michael Stephens in 2010, with the name itself coming from a random name generator.[9] The channel originally focused on shows such as DONG (Do Online Now Guys) which showcased cool and interesting websites. However, the main videos on the Vsauce channel that gained a massive amount of attention came with the educational videos. In these short videos, Michael takes a simple question and uses math, physics, and even psychology to deconstruct the question and pose an interesting conclusion to the topic through the lens of analytic thinking. Today, Vsauce is now one of the most popular educational channels on the platform, and has led to the creation of other channels such as Vsauce 2 and 3, hosted by Kevin Lieber and Jake Roper respectively. Michael also co-hosted a live show called Brain Candy Live! with Mythbusters' former host Adam Savage which toured across the United States in 2017.

YouTube EDU

YouTube created YouTube EDU in 2009 as a repository for its educational content. As of 2015, over 700,000 videos were part of YouTube EDU.[10] Content within YouTube EDU is produced by PBS, Khan Academy, Steve Spangler Science, Numberphile, and TED, among others.[11]

Medical education

YouTube videos have been used to teach medical content. In an anatomy course incorporating YouTube, 98% of students watched the assigned videos and 92% stated that they were helpful in teaching anatomical concepts.[12] A 2013 study focused on clinical skills education from YouTube found that the 100 most accessible videos across a variety of topics (venipuncture, wound care, pain assessment, CPR, and others) were generally unsatisfactory.[13]

The value of YouTube in relation to dentistry and dental education has also been evaluated. Dentistry videos specifically categorized as "education" were rated as having a much higher value to dentistry students compared to videos in the more broad "all" category. Most of the videos marked as "education" were viewed as remarkably high quality by dental experts.[14]

List of education channels on YouTube
List of education channels on YouTube
Channel Name Year Joined Description Number of Subscribers (As of 15 December 2020) Channel Link
Smarter Every Day 2006 Creates in depth videos on niche topics ranging through every area of science 9,210,000 https://www.youtube.com/user/destinws2
3Blue1Brown 2015 Discusses Advanced Math Topics (Calculus, Differential Equations, Geometry, Applied Mathematical Physics) 3,310,000 https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw
CrashCourse 2006 All Topics (different subjects arranged into playlists) 11,700,000 https://www.youtube.com/user/crashcourse
Vsauce 2010 Produces videos from all aspects of science 16,300,000 https://www.youtube.com/user/Vsauce
Kurzgesagt - In a Nutshell 2013 Creates animated videos for a variety of science topics such as physics, biology, and astronomy 13,600,000 https://www.youtube.com/user/Kurzgesagt/videos
Khan Academy 2006 Provides narrated videos of science and humanities topics for both test preparation and entertainment 6,190,000 https://www.youtube.com/user/khanacademy
Everyday Astronaut 2013 Mostly focuses on aerospace engineering and space news 845,000 https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC6uKrU_WqJ1R2HMTY3LIx5Q
TED Talks 2006 Keynotes and discussions by experts in all topics both scientific and humanities 18,500,000 https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAuUUnT6oDeKwE6v1NGQxug
The King of Random 2010 Creates videos on experimenting and learning through hands on experience 12,600,000 https://www.youtube.com/user/01032010814
AsapSCIENCE 2012 Creates short science videos exploring an aspect of life usually involving physics, biology, psychology, and more 9,510,000 https://www.youtube.com/user/AsapSCIENCE
Michel van Beizen 2012 Makes in-depth videos on Physics, Chemistry, Math, Astronomy, and Engineering 660,000 https://www.youtube.com/user/ilectureonline
Primer 2018 Examines biological topics through math and statistics, specifically natural selection 1,030,000 https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKzJFdi57J53Vr_BkTfN3uQ
Physics Girl 2011 physical sciences with experiments, demonstrations, and cool new discoveries 1,750,000 https://www.youtube.com/user/physicswoman/featured
SciShow 2012 Various science topics; spin-off channels on specific topics include SciShow Space, SciShow Psych, and SciShow Kids. 6,460,000 https://www.youtube.com/scishow

See also

References
  1. Hardwick, Joshua (2019-06-25). "Top 100 Most Visited Websites by Search Traffic (as of 2019)". SEO Blog by Ahrefs. Retrieved 2019-10-29.
  2. "Bookmark: The Prof Who Keeps His Shirt On". Outlook (India). Retrieved 2019-10-29.
  3. "Khan Academy". Khan Academy. Retrieved 2019-10-29.
  4. "Khan Academy". YouTube. Retrieved 2019-10-29.
  5. Delta IV Heavy Pad Tour, (with CEO Tory Bruno) - Smarter Every Day 199, retrieved 2019-11-21
  6. How to FLY A SPACESHIP to the SPACE STATION - Smarter Every Day 131, retrieved 2019-11-21
  7. The Backwards Brain Bicycle - Smarter Every Day 133, retrieved 2019-11-21
  8. The YouTube Interview with President Obama, retrieved 2019-11-21
  9. MAKE YOUR CAT A DJ -- and more! LÜT #18, retrieved 2019-11-21
  10. Harven, Michelle (7 January 2015). "What YouTube is Doing for Education". Ed Tech Times. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
  11. Nast, Phil. "YouTube for Educators". National Education Association. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
  12. Jaffar, Akram Abood (2012). "YouTube: An emerging tool in anatomy education". Anatomical Sciences Education. 5 (3): 158–164. doi:10.1002/ase.1268. PMID 22383096.
  13. Duncan, Ian; Yarwood-Ross, Lee; Haigh, Carol (2013). "YouTube as a source of clinical skills education". Nurse Education Today. 33 (12): 1576–1580. doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2012.12.013. PMID 23332710.
  14. Knösel, Michael; Jung, Klaus; Bleckmann, Annalen (2011-12-01). "YouTube, Dentistry, and Dental Education". Journal of Dental Education. 75 (12): 1558–1568. ISSN 0022-0337. PMID 22184594.
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