Yuki no Shingun

"Yuki no Shingun"(雪の進軍) "The Snow March" is a Japanese gunka composed in 1895 by Imperial Japanese Army musician Nagai Kenshi who reflected his experience in the Battle of Weihaiwei during the First Sino-Japanese War.[1][2] The song was banned in the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II and was used in the 1977 film Mount Hakkoda.

Background

Nagai Kenshi

During the Battle of Weihaiwei, the Imperial Japanese Army experienced heavy snow and low temperature, while being under-equipped with water, food and fuel.[3] Nagai reflected in his song the hardship Japanese soldiers experienced and their discontentment about the war.[4] The song, which was popular at the time of its publication[5] and is described by scholars to have an upbeat melody,[6][7] was said to be favoured by Ōyama Iwao.[8] It was also taught and sung in Japanese schools during the late Meiji period.[9]

Nagai's song was later widely referred to by soldiers during the Second Sino-Japanese War and the Pacific War. The discontentment about the war and the disillusionment about the patriotic propaganda expressed in the song were viewed as antagonistic to Japanese militarism and prohibited by the Imperial Japanese Army, though the effectiveness of the order was in doubt.[10]

Lyrics

"Yuki no Shingun", published in Collections of Excellent Gunka (軍歌傑作集, Gunka kessaku-shū) (1911).
KyūjitaiShinjitaiRōmajiEnglish Translation
(ゆき)進軍 (シングン)  (こほり) ()んで

()れが (かは)やら  (みち)さへ ()れず
(うま) (たふ)れる  ()てゝもおけず
此處 (こゝ)何處 (いづこ)ぞ  (みな) (テキ) (くに)
(まゝ)大膽 (ダイタン) 一服 (イップク)やれば
(たの) (すく)なや 煙草 (たばこ)二本 (ニホン)

(ゆき)進軍 (しんぐん) (こおり) ()んで

どれが (かわ)やら (みち)さえしれず
(うま) (たお)れる ()ててもおけず
ここは何処 (いずく) (みな) (てき) (くに)
ままよ大胆 (だいたん)一服 (いっぷく)やれば
(たの) (すく)なや煙草 (タバコ)二本 (にほん)

Yuki no shingun koori wo funde

Dore ga kawa yara michi sae shirezu
Uma wa taoreru sutete mo okezu
Koko wa izuku zo mina teki no kuni
Mama yo daitan ippuku yareba
Tanomi sukunaya tabako ga nihon

Marching in the snow, stepping on ice

We can't even tell road from river
The horses are beaten, but we can't leave them
Just what is this place? It's all enemy country
Oh well, if we breathe a little bravery
I'll only ask for little: two of your cigarettes

()かぬ乾魚 (ひもの)に  (ハン) () (めし)

(なまじ)生命 (いのち)の ある () (うち)
(こら) ()れない  (さむ)さの焚火 (たきび)
(けぶ) (はず)だよ 生木 (なまき) (いぶ)
(しぶ) (かほ)して 功名 (コウミョウ) (ばなし)
()い」と ()うのは 梅幹 (うめぼ) (ひと)

()かぬ乾魚 (ひもの) (はん) () (めし)

なまじ生命 (いのち)のあるそのうちは
こらえ ()れない (さむ)さの焚火 (たきび)
(けむ)いはずだよ生木 (なまき) (いぶ)
(しぶ) (かお)して巧妙 (こうみょう) (ばなし)
()い」というのは梅干 (うめぼし) (ひと)

Yakanu himono ni han-nie meshi ni

Namaji inochi no aru sono uchi wa
Korae kirenai samusa no takibi
Kemui hazu da yo namaki ga iburu
Shibui kao shite kōmyō banashi
"Sui" to iu no wa umeboshi hitotsu

Dried fish that won't cook becomes our half-boiled meals

It's not long before we're living half-boiled days
For this cold that can't be endured, a bonfire
Surely it will smoke, chaps! The green wood smoulders
Putting on a bitter face, a skilful speech
The "sour" thing here's a pickled plum

() () ()のまゝ 氣樂 (キラク)臥所 (ふしど)

背嚢 (ハイノウ) (まくら)に 外套 (ガイトウ) (かぶ)りゃ
(せな) (ぬく)みで (ゆき) () (かゝ)
夜具 (ヤグ)黍殻 (きびがら) シッポリ ()れて
(むす) ()ねたる 露營 (ロエイ) (ゆめ)
(つき) (つめ)たく (かほ) (のぞ) ()

() () ()のまま気楽 (きらく)臥所 (ふしど)

背嚢 (はいのう) (まくら)外套 (がいとう) (かぶ)りゃ
(せな) (ぬく)みで (ゆき) ()けかかる
夜具 (やぐ)黍殻 (きびがら)しっぽり ()れて
(むす)びかねたる露営 (ろえい) (ゆめ)
(つき) (つめ)たく (かお) (のぞ) ()

Ki nomi ki no mama kiraku na fushido

Hainō makura ni gaitō kaburya
Sena no nukumi de yuki doke kakaru
Yagu no kibigara shippori nurete
Musubi kanetaru roei no yume wo
Tsuki wa tsumetaku kao nozokikomu

The clothes we wear are our carefree beds

We cover under our overcoats on knapsack pillows
With the warmth of our backs, the snow thaws
Soaking wet our millet-husk bedding
In bivouacs that won't tie, there are dreams
That the moon peeks into, coldly

(いのち) (さゝ)げて  () () () (ゆゑ)

()ぬる覺悟 (カクゴ)で 突喊 (トッカン)すれど
武運 (ブウン) (つたな)く  () ()にせねば
義理 (ギリ) (から)めた 恤兵 (ジュッペイ)眞緜 (まわた)
そろりそろりと  (くび) () (かゝ)
どうせ ()かして  (かへ)さぬ ()もり

(いのち) (ささ)げて ()てきた ()ゆえ

()ぬる覚悟 (かくご)吶喊 (とっかん)すれど
武運 (ぶうん) (つたなく)討死 (うちじ)にせねば
義理 (ぎり)にからめた恤兵 (じゅうっぺい)真綿 (まわた)
そろりそろりと (くび) ()めかかる
どうせ ()かして (かえ)さぬ ()もり

Inochi sasagete detekita mi yue

Shinuru kakugo de tokkan suredo
Buun tsutanaku uchiji ni seneba
Giri ni karameta jūppei mawata
Sorori sorori to kubi shime kakaru
Dōse ikashite kaesanu tsumori

Because we came here offering our lives

With a death resolution, even as we charge shouting
If the fortunes of war so wish, we must die in battle
The donated padded clothes, entwined in duty
Slowly, slowly, fasten upon our necks
Anyhow, the intention wasn't to let us return alive

References

  1. Japanese culture in the Meiji era. 3. Toyo Bunka. 1969. p. 483.
  2. "【北京春秋】日清戦争激戦の地・威海は韓国にも近い タコの躍り食いに思う遠い日々" [Pekin shunjū] nisshinsensō gekisen no ji - Ikai wa Kankoku ni mo chikai, tako no odorigui ni omou tōi hibi [[Beijing spring and autumn] The land of the Sino-Japanese War battle, Weihai is close to South Korea. On distant days I think of eating octopuses]. Sankei Shimbun (in Japanese). 2018-07-13. Retrieved 2019-05-11.
  3. Kamikawa, Taketoshi (2004-07-23). 児玉源太郎: 日露戦争における陸軍の頭脳 Kodama Gentarō: Nichirosensō ni okeru rikugun no zunō [Kodama Gentarō: Army Brain in the Russo-Japanese War] (in Japanese). PHP研究所.
  4. "永井健子氏が作詞作曲を手掛けた「雪の進軍」について" Nagai Kenshi-shi ga sakushi sakkyoku o tegaketa 'Yuki no shingun' ni tsuite [On "Yuki no Shingun" written by Nagai Kenshi]. Survival Game & Military Map (in Japanese). 2017-11-10. Retrieved 2019-05-11.
  5. The Japan Year Book. Japan Year Book Office. 1941. p. 1941.
  6. Rimer, J. Thomas (2014-07-14). Culture and Identity: Japanese Intellectuals during the Interwar Years. Princeton University Press. p. 280. ISBN 9781400861255.
  7. Washington, Garrett L. (2018-09-13). Christianity and the Modern Woman in East Asia. BRILL. p. 102. ISBN 9789004369108.
  8. Lone, Stewart (1994-08-30). Japan's First Modern War: Army and Society in the Conflict with China, 1894-5. Springer. p. 95. ISBN 9780230389755.
  9. May, Elizabeth (1963). The influence of the Meiji period of Japanese children's music. University of California Press. p. 42.
  10. "雪の進軍" Yuki no shingun [Yuki no Shingun]. world-anthem.com (in Japanese). Retrieved 2019-05-11.
  11. るるぶ ガールズ&パンツァー Rurubu Gāruzu ando Pantsā [Rurubu Girls und Panzer] (in Japanese). Jtbパブリッシング. 2015-07-24. p. 35. ISBN 9784533106095.

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