Zanthoxylum dipetalum
Zanthoxylum dipetalum is a rare species of tree in the family Rutaceae and in the same genus as Szechuan pepper. It is known by the Hawaiian names Kāwa'u and Heaʻe and is endemic to the Hawaiian archipelago, where it grows in forests on 3 or 4 of the islands.[2]
| Zanthoxylum dipetalum | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Sapindales |
| Family: | Rutaceae |
| Genus: | Zanthoxylum |
| Species: | Z. dipetalum |
| Binomial name | |
| Zanthoxylum dipetalum | |
- Z. d. var. dipetalum is present on Kauaʻi, in the mountains of Oʻahu, on Hawaiʻi in Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park, and possibly on Molokaʻi.
- Z. d. var. tomentosum is known from fewer than 30 individuals on Hualālai volcano on Hawaiʻi.[3][2][4] This variety is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.
The roots of Z. dipetalum have been found to contain several chemical compounds, including canthin-6-one, chelerythrine, nitidine, tembetarine, avicennol, xanthoxyletin, lupeol, hesperidin, sitosterol, and magnoflorine.[5]
References
- Portner, T.; Keir, M.; Gon, S.M.; Sporck-Koehler, M.; Chau, M.; Caraway, V.L. & Kwon, J. (2015). "Zanthoxylum dipetalum". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2015: e.T62986A78764685. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T62986A78764685.en.
- Zanthoxylum dipetalum. The Nature Conservancy.
- World Conservation Monitoring Centre 1998. Zanthoxylum dipetalum var. tomentosum. Archived June 27, 2014, at the Wayback Machine 2011 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Archived June 27, 2014, at the Wayback Machine Downloaded on 26 August 2011.
- Zanthoxylum dipetalum. Archived August 29, 2011, at the Wayback Machine Center for Plant Conservation.
- Fish, F., et al. (1975). Alkaloids, coumarins, triterpenes and a flavanone from the root of Zanthoxylum dipetalum. Phytochemistry 14(9) 2073.
External links
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