FC Dynamo Moscow

FC Dynamo Moscow (Dinamo Moscow, FC Dinamo Moskva,[1] Russian: Дина́мо Москва́ [dʲɪˈnamə mɐˈskva]) is a Russian football club based in Moscow. Dynamo returned to the Russian Premier League for the 2017–18 season after one season in the second-tier Russian Football National League.[2]

Dynamo Moscow
Full nameФутбольный клуб Динамо Москва
(Football Club Dynamo Moscow)
Nickname(s)Belo-golubye (White-blues)
Dinamiki (Loudspeakers)
Menty (Cops)
Musora (Cops)
Founded18 April 1923 (1923-04-18)
GroundVTB Arena, Moscow
Capacity26,319
OwnerVTB Bank (through "Dynamo Management Company")
ChairmanYuri Soloviev
ManagerSandro Schwarz
LeagueRussian Premier League
2019–20Russian Premier League, 6th of 16
WebsiteClub website

Dynamo was the only club that had always played in the top tier of Soviet football (along with Dynamo Kyiv) and of Russian football from the end of the Soviet era until they were relegated in 2016. Despite this, they have never won the modern Russian Premier League title and have won Russian Cup only once, in the season of 1994–95.

During the Soviet era, they were affiliated with the MVD (Ministry of Internal Affairs – The Soviet Militia) and with the KGB[3][4] and was a part of Dynamo sports society. Chief of the Soviet security and secret police apparatus NKVD, Lavrentiy Beria, was a patron of the club until his downfall.

From 10 April 2009 the VTB Bank has been the owner of Dynamo after acquiring a 74% share in the club.[5] Boris Rotenberg Sr. was chairman until he resigned on 17 July 2015.[6] On 29 December 2016, Dynamo Sports Society agreed to buy VTB Bank shares back for 1 ruble.[7] On 14 February 2019, Dynamo Sports Society agreed to sell the club back to VTB for 1 ruble.[8][9]

Dynamo's traditional colours are blue and white. Their crest consists of a blue letter "D," written in a traditional cursive style on a white background, with "Moscow" written below it, partially covering a football underneath. The club's motto is "Power in Motion," initially proposed by Maxim Gorky, the famous Russian author, who was once an active member of the Dynamo sports society.

History

Foundation and Soviet era

Commemorative coin of Lev Yashin, the legendary goalkeeper of the team.

Dynamo Moscow has its roots in the football Club Sokolniki Moscow.

After the Russian Revolution, the club eventually found itself under the authority of the Interior Ministry and its head Felix Dzerzhinsky, chief of the Cheka, the Soviet Union's secret police. The club was renamed Dynamo Moscow in 1923 but was also referred to disparagingly as "garbage", a Russian criminal slang term for "police", by some of the supporters of other clubs.

Dynamo won the first two Soviet Championships in 1936 and 1937, a Soviet Cup in 1937, and another pair of national titles in 1940 and 1945. They were also the first Soviet club to tour the West when they played a series of friendlies in the United Kingdom in 1945. Complete unknowns to the British, the Soviet players first drew 3–3 against Chelsea and then defeated Cardiff City 10-1. They defeated an Arsenal side reinforced with Stanley Matthews, Stan Mortensen and Joe Bacuzzi by a score of 4-3 in a match played in thick fog at White Hart Lane. They then drew 2–2 against Scottish side Rangers, meaning they completed the tour undefeated.[10]

They continued to be a strong side at home after World War II, and enjoyed their greatest success through the 1950s. Dynamo captured another five championships between 1949 and 1959, as well as their second Soviet Cup in 1953. Honours were harder to come by after that time. The club continued to enjoy some success in the Soviet Cup, but has not won a national championship since 1976. Even so, Dynamo's 11 national titles make them the country's third-most decorated side behind Dynamo Kyiv (13 titles) and Spartak Moscow (12 titles).

Dynamo's greatest achievement in Europe was in the 1971–72 European Cup Winners' Cup, where they reached the Final at Camp Nou in Barcelona, losing 3–2 to Rangers. This was the first time a Russian side had reached a final in a European competition, a feat not repeated until CSKA Moscow won the UEFA Cup in 2005.

VTB Bank era (2009–2016)

At the end of the 2008 season, Dynamo finished third, qualifying for the 2009–10 Champions League preliminary round. On 29 July 2009, Dynamo recorded a 0–1 away win against Celtic at Celtic Park,[11] which gave them a strong advantage going into the second leg. However, Celtic comfortably defeated Dynamo 0–2 in Moscow to progress,[12] sending Dynamo into the Europa League play-off round where the club was eliminated by Bulgarian side CSKA Sofia after a 0–0 away draw in Sofia and a 1–2 home defeat in Moscow.

In 2012, after a poor start to the season in which they lost their first five league games, Dynamo replaced interim manager Dmitri Khokhlov with the Romanian Dan Petrescu, who managed to pull the club out of the relegation zone into a position in the upper-half of the league table. The team was close to qualifying for a place in European competition, but a failure to win in the last matchday left them in seventh, two points below the last Europa League qualifier position. Despite his efforts, Petrescu's contract was terminated on 8 April 2014 by mutual agreement after a heavy loss to league outsiders Anzhi Makhachkala 0–4.[13] As Dynamo Director of Sports Guram Adzhoyev stated, "Last year Dan drew the team from the complicated situation, lifted it to the certain level, but recently we have seen no progress."[14] Petrescu was replaced by Stanislav Cherchesov as manager. Under his management, Dynamo qualified for the group stage of the 2014–15 UEFA Europa League in which they won every game before falling to Napoli in the Round of 16. Dynamo was only able to finish in fourth place in the 2014–15 season after a string of poor results in the latter stages.

In June 2015, Dynamo was excluded from 2015–16 Europa League competition for violating Financial Fair Play break-even requirements.[15][16] As a result, VTB Bank proposed to transfer 74 percent of the shares of the club to the Dynamo sports society. Under the proposed plan, the society would own 100 percent of shares of Dynamo as it did in 2009, while the shares of the VTB Arena would still be held by the Bank. The move would allow the club to comply with the requirements of Financial Fair Play, and VTB Bank would continue to provide support to Dynamo to the extent consistent with Financial Fair Play regulations.

Manager Stanislav Cherchesov was replaced by the returning Andrey Kobelev, and many foreign players, such as Mathieu Valbuena, Balázs Dzsudzsák and Kevin Kurányi, subsequently left Dynamo. Several young Dynamo prospects, such as Grigori Morozov, Aleksandr Tashayev and Anatoli Katrich, who won the Under-21 competition in the 2014–15 season, were introduced to the first-team squad.

On 22 December 2015, Chairman of Dynamo's board of directors Vasili Titov announced that the shares had not been transferred to the Dynamo society; that FFP compliance rather than the share transfer was the top priority for the club; and that he expected the club to achieve compliance by April 2016.[17]

After the winter break of the 2015–16 season, Dynamo won only one game out of 12 played in 2016 and Kobelev was fired with 3 games left in the season. On the final day of the season, Dynamo lost 0-3 to FC Zenit St. Petersburg at home, dropped to 15th place in the table and was relegated from the Premier League for the first time in the club's history.

In October 2016, with Dynamo leading the second-tier Russian Football National League at the time, the newly appointed club president Yevgeni Muravyov claimed that club's debts stand at 13 billion rubles (approximately 188 million euros) and unless a new owner is found shortly or VTB re-commits to covering the club's debts, the club might declare bankruptcy. That would have most likely meant the loss of professional license and relegation to the fourth-level Russian Amateur Football League.[18]

Dynamo Society era (2016 to 2019)

On 29 December 2016, Dynamo Sports Society agreed to buy VTB Bank shares back for 1 ruble.[7] On 13 January 2017, VTB Bank announced they will sponsor Dynamo Sports Society to the amount of 10.64 billion rubles for the period from 2017 to 2019 (approximately 167 million euros as of that date). HC Dynamo Moscow and other teams of the society were also to be financed under that deal.[19] On 1 February 2017, former club president Boris Rotenberg said that the 75 million euro debt the football club owes to Rotenberg's companies has been restructured and "is not harming anybody".[20] On 12 April 2017, with 7 games left to play in the 2016–17 season, Dynamo secured the return to the top level Russian Premier League for 2017–18. That is the FNL record for the earliest a team secured promotion.[2]

On 14 March 2018, Yevgeni Muravyov was dismissed as the club president due to unauthorized payment made as a "bonus" to a third company during the transfer of Konstantin Rausch from 1. FC Köln.[21]

Return to VTB (from 2019)

The new stadium for the club, VTB Arena was completed in late 2018. Following that, the stadium majority owner and football club's major sponsor VTB Bank expressed interest in reacquiring the control over the club. On 14 February 2019, Dynamo Sports Society agreed to sell back the club shares to "Dynamo Management Company" (the company that owns the stadium and has VTB bank as the majority owner).[8] The price was the same symbolic 1 ruble.[9] On 26 April 2019, it was reported that the deal is close to be finalized formally, but the price for the stock increased to 10 billion rubles (approximately €138 million). This reported larger number includes accumulated debts and the cost of the club's training centre.[22] On 30 April 2019, VTB confirmed that the deal has been closed and formal price is 1 ruble, the debts outstanding from the football club to Dynamo society has been restructured to an 8-year term, and Yuri Belkin was appointed club's general director.[23]

The 2019–20 season, their first back at the home stadium, started poorly and head coach Dmitri Khokhlov resigned after 12 games played with Dynamo in second-to-last position in the table. Under his replacement, Kirill Novikov, results improved and at the end of the season Dynamo finished 6th. That allowed Dynamo to qualify for European competition (UEFA Europa League) for the first time in 6 seasons.

However, at the end of September 2020, Novikov was dismissed after losing to Locomotive Tbilisi (UEFA qualification) and Khimki (RPL). Sandro Schwarz was appointed as the new coach on October 14.[24]

Rivalries

Spartak vs Dinamo in Luzhnikí on 14 March 2010.

Since its establishment in 1923, Dynamo's historical rival has been Spartak Moscow. Clashes between the clubs were seen by their fans and more generally as the most important games in the Soviet Union for more than three decades, attracting thousands of spectators. (Ironically, however, on New Year's Day in 1936, it was a combined Dynamo-Spartak team that traveled to Paris to face Racing Club de France, then one of Europe's top teams.) Dynamo clinched the first-ever Soviet League by beating Spartak 1–0 at Dynamo Stadium in front of 70,000 spectators. Spartak responded by winning the championship the following year. But after Dynamo's decline in the late 1970s, the rivalry has faded. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, first CSKA Moscow and then Zenit Saint Petersburg have emerged as the top clubs in Russian football, with the rivalries between Dynamo and its Moscow neighbours such as Spartak Moscow and Lokomotiv assuming less significance.

Stadium

View of the historical Dynamo Stadium, home of Dynamo from 1928 to 2008. In 2011, it was demolished in preparation for a new stadium, which has now been built, and is now known as the VTB Arena.

Dynamo's ground used to be the historic Dynamo Stadium in Petrovsky Park, which seated 36,540. In 2008, it was closed for demolition. From 2010 to 2016, Dynamo Moscow played their matches at the Arena Khimki, which they shared with their Moscow rivals, CSKA Moscow. They continued to play at Arena Khimki until the 26th of May, 2019, when FC Dynamo Moscow officially "returned home," as they played their first match at the newly opened VTB Arena.

Average attendance

Year Average
197030,331
197128,833
197221,787
197319,967
197424,333
197523,327
197615,529
197717,667
19788,987
197910,147
198010,088
198110,804
19828,853
19838,576
19849,359
19859,129
198613,527
Year Average
198716,507
198811,600
198913,813
19909,233
19917,627
19924,323
19934,465
19942,882
19953,713
19963,476
19976,000
19985,127
19998,367
20008,867
20016,933
20026,800
Year Average
20036,600
20045,300
20058,500
20068,067
20079,733
200813,067
20097,752
20107,116
2011–1210,193
2012–137,516
2013–147,860
2014–158,176
2015–165,956
2016–174,089
2017–186,795
2018–198,446
2019–2011,191

Honours

Domestic

Soviet Top League / Russian Premier League[25]

Soviet Cup / Russian Cup[26][27]

Soviet Super Cup / Russian Super Cup

  • Winners: 1977
  • Runners-up: 1984

Russian Football National League

European

UEFA Cup Winners' Cup

Non-official

Ciutat de Barcelona Trophy
  • Winners: 1976
Atlantic Cup
  • Winners: 2015
Lev Yashin Cup
  • Winners: 2010

League and cup history

Season Div. Pos. Pl. W D L GS GA P Domestic Cup Europe Top Scorer Head Coach
1992 1st 3 26 14 6 6 55 29 34 UC 3rd round (Last 16) Gasimov – 16 Gazzaev
1993 1st 3 34 16 10 8 65 38 42 Semi-finals UC 3rd round (Last 16) Simutenkov – 16 Gazzaev
Golodets
1994 1st 2 30 13 13 4 55 35 39 Semi-finals UC 1st round Simutenkov – 21 Beskov
1995 1st 4 30 16 8 6 45 29 56 Winner UC 2nd round (Last 32) Terekhin – 11 Beskov
Golodets
1996 1st 4 34 20 7 7 60 35 67 Semi-finals CWC Quarter-finals Cheryshev – 17 Golodets
1997 1st 3 34 19 11 4 50 20 68 Runner-Up UC 1st round Terekhin – 17 Golodets
1998 1st 9 30 8 15 7 31 30 39 Quarter-finals Terekhin – 12 Golodets
Yartsev
1999 1st 5 30 12 8 10 44 41 44 Runner-Up UC 2nd round (Last 32) Terekhin – 14 Yartsev
Petrushin
2000 1st 5 30 14 8 8 45 35 50 Quarter-finals Gusev – 12 Gazzaev
2001 1st 9 30 10 8 12 43 51 38 Round of 16 UC 1st round Khazov – 10 Gazzaev
A. Novikov
2002 1st 8 30 12 6 12 38 33 42 Quarter-finals UC 2nd round Koroman – 6 A. Novikov
Prokopenko
2003 1st 6 30 12 10 8 42 29 46 Round of 32 Bulykin – 9 Prokopenko
Hřebík
2004 1st 13 30 6 11 13 27 38 29 Round of 16 Korchagin – 4 Hřebík
Bondarenko
Romantsev
2005 1st 8 30 12 2 16 36 46 38 Round of 16 Derlei – 13 Romantsev
Wortmann
Kobelev
2006 1st 14 30 8 10 12 31 40 34 Quarter-finals Derlei – 7 Semin
Kobelev
2007 1st 6 30 11 8 11 37 35 41 Quarter-finals Kolodin – 9 Kobelev
2008 1st 3 30 15 9 6 41 29 54 Round of 16 Kerzhakov – 7 Kobelev
2009 1st 8 30 12 6 12 31 37 42 Semi-finals CL
EL
3rd qualifying round
Play-off round
Kerzhakov – 12 Kobelev
2010 1st 7 30 9 13 8 39 31 40 Round of 8 Kurányi – 9 Kobelev
Božović
2011–12 1st 4 44 20 12 12 66 50 72 Runner-Up Kurányi – 13 Božović
Silkin
2012–13 1st 7 30 14 6 10 41 34 48 Quarter-finals EL PO Kurányi – 10
Kokorin - 10
Silkin
Khokhlov
Petrescu
2013–14 1st 4 30 15 7 8 54 37 52 Round of 32 Kokorin – 10 Petrescu
Cherchesov
2014–15 1st 4 30 14 8 8 53 36 50 Round of 16 EL Round of 16 Kurányi – 10 Cherchesov
2015–16 1st 15 30 5 10 15 25 47 25 Quarter-finals EL Disqualified Kokorin – 4
Ionov – 4
Kozlov – 4
Kobelev
2016–17 2nd 1 38 26 9 3 64 25 87 Round of 16 Panchenko – 25 Kalitvintsev
2017–18 1st 8 30 10 10 10 29 30 40 Round of 32 Tashayev – 7 Kalitvintsev
Khokhlov
2018–19 1st 12 30 6 15 9 28 28 33 Round of 16 Panchenko – 5 Khokhlov
2019–20 1st 6 30 11 8 11 27 30 41 Round of 32 Philipp – 8 Khokhlov
K. Novikov

European campaigns

Season Round Competition Country Opposing Team Score Venue
1972 RU Cup Winners' Cup Rangers 2–3 Camp Nou, Barcelona
1978 SF Cup Winners' Cup Austria Wien 3–3 on aggregate, 4–5(p) Two-legged
1985 SF Cup Winners' Cup Rapid Wien 2–4 on aggregate Two-legged

UEFA ranking

As of 30 May 2019[28]
Rank Country Team Points
90Maccabi Tel-Aviv FC16.000
91Dynamo Moscow16.000
92Atalanta13.500

Players

Current squad

As of 24 December 2020, according to the RFPL official website Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
1 GK  RUS Anton Shunin
2 DF  URU Guillermo Varela (on loan from Copenhagen)
3 DF  RUS Zaurbek Pliyev
4 DF  RUS Sergei Parshivlyuk
5 DF  RUS Roman Neustädter
7 DF  RUS Dmitri Skopintsev
8 MF  CRO Nikola Moro
9 FW  CMR Clinton N'Jie
10 FW  NGA Sylvester Igboun
11 FW  RUS Nikolay Komlichenko
12 MF  RUS Danil Lipovoy
17 FW  RUS Anton Terekhov
18 DF  UKR Ivan Ordets
19 FW  RUS Daniil Lesovoy
No. Pos. Nation Player
20 FW  RUS Vyacheslav Grulyov
22 MF  RUS Igor Shkolik
23 MF  RUS Vladislav Karapuzov
24 DF  RUS Roman Yevgenyev
31 GK  RUS Igor Leshchuk
45 GK  RUS David Sangaré
47 MF  RUS Arsen Zakharyan
53 MF  POL Sebastian Szymański
70 FW  RUS Konstantin Tyukavin
74 MF  RUS Daniil Fomin
77 MF  BFA Charles Kaboré

Out on loan

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
DF  RUS Ilya Kalachyov (at Tom Tomsk)
DF  RUS Ihor Kalinin (at Ural Yekaterinburg)
DF  RUS Grigori Morozov (at FC Ufa)
No. Pos. Nation Player
MF  POR Miguel Cardoso (at Belenenses SAD)
FW  GER Maximilian Philipp (at VfL Wolfsburg)

FC Dynamo-2 Moscow

Following Dynamo's relegation from the Russian Premier League (which holds its own competition for the Under-21 teams of the Premier League clubs) at the end of the 2015–16 season, the reserve squad FC Dynamo-2 Moscow received professional license and was registered to play in the third-tier Russian Professional Football League, beginning with the 2016–17 season. Following the main squad's promotion back to the RPL, they stopped playing professionally in the 2017–18 season, with players returning to the RPL U-21 tournament.

Notable players

For details of Dynamo Moscow players with a Wikipedia article, see List of FC Dynamo Moscow players.

Most appearances

R Player Nat. App.
1Aleksandr Novikov 327
2Lev Yashin326
3Valery Maslov 319
4Aleksandr Makhovikov 287
5Gennady Yevryuzhikhin 283
6Viktor Anichkin282
7Sergei Nikulin 280
8Viktor Tsaryov 279
9Andrei Kobelev 253
10Anton Shunin265

Most goals

R Player Nat. Goals
1Sergei Solovyov127
2Konstantin Beskov 91
3Vasili Kartsev72
4Valery Gazzaev 70
5Igor Chislenko 68
6Oleg Teryokhin 67
7Vasili Trofimov 67
8Vladimir Ilyin 63
9Vladimir Savdunin 62
10Kevin Kurányi56

One-club men

Player Nationality Position Debut Last Match
Vasili TrofimovFW19311949
Lev YashinGK19491971
Viktor Tsaryov MF19551966
Eduard Mudrik DF19571968
Vladimir Kesarev DF19561965
Nikolai Tolstykh DF19771983
Anton ShuninGK2004-

Coaching and medical staff

Role Name
Head coach Sandro Schwarz
Assistant manager Andriy Voronin
Assistant manager Volkan Bulut
Goalkeeping coach Dmitry Izotov
Director of sports Željko Buvač
Team manager Aleksandr Udaltsov
Administrative manager Gennady Samodurov
Press office Igor Yershov
Youth team head coach Alyaksandr Kulchy
Physiotherapist Matija Majzen

Former head coaches

FC Dynamo Moscow coaching history from 1936 to present

Personnel

Club management

Role Name
Chairman of the Board of directorsYuri Soloviev
General DirectorPavel Pivovarov
International Affairs and Development DirectorAlexey Smertin
Sporting DirectorŽeljko Buvač
Security DirectorPavel Konovalov

Presidents

In the Dynamo organization, the position of "president" has not always been present; several times the head of the club was titled as "chief executive officer (CEO)," or general director.

Nikolai Tolstykh, president of Russian Football Union in 2012–2015. Tolstykh played his entire professional career for Dynamo from 1974 to his retirement in 1983 after a serious injury. After retiring, he served as the team's president and general director on numerous occasions.
Date Position/name
President
1989–90 Vladimir Pilguy
President
1991–92 Valery Sysoyev
1993–97 Nikolai Tolstykh
General director
1998 Nikolai Tolstykh
President
1999 Nikolai Tolstykh
General director
2000–01 Nikolai Tolstykh
2002 Vladimir Ulyanov
2002–06 Yuri Zavarzin
2006–09 Dmitry Ivanov
President
2009–12 Yury Isayev
2012–13 Gennady Solovyov
2013–15 Boris Rotenberg
Club president
2015–16 Vasily Titov
2016 Vladimir Pronichev
General director
2016–18 Yevgeni Muravyov
2018–19 Sergei Fedorov
2019– Yuri Belkin

References

  1. uefa.com FC Dinamo Moskva
  2. «Динамо-Москва» возвращается в Премьер-лигу с рекордом ФНЛ! (in Russian). Russian Football National League. 12 April 2017.
  3. James Appell (14 August 2008). "Kiev make mincemeat of Spartak". ESPN Soccernet. Retrieved 22 December 2010.
  4. Franklin Mossop, Lawrence Booth and Matthew Cunningham (8 May 2003). "Men behaving badly". The Guardian. Retrieved 22 December 2010.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  5. ВТБ получил 74 процента акций московского "Динамо"
  6. Борис Ротенберг покидает пост президента (in Russian). FC Dynamo Moscow. 17 July 2015.
  7. ВФСО "Динамо" приняло решение купить акции одноименного футбольного клуба у банка ВТБ (in Russian). RIA Novosti. 29 December 2016.
  8. "Сообщение для прессы" [Press release] (in Russian). Dynamo Sports Society. 14 February 2019.
  9. "ФК "Динамо" перейдет в управление ВТБ за один рубль" [FC Dynamo moves to VTB for one ruble] (in Russian). Sport Express. 14 February 2019.
  10. "The Russians who came with a warning Britain wouldn't hear". BBC Sport.
  11. McDaid, David (29 July 2009). "Celtic 0–1 Dynamo Moscow". BBC Sport. British Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 26 May 2012.
  12. McDaid, David (5 August 2009). "D'mo Moscow 0–2 Celtic (agg 1–2)". BBC Sport. British Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 26 May 2012.
  13. "Match protocol" (in Russian). Russian Football Premier League. 6 April 2014. Archived from the original on 8 April 2014.
  14. "Динамо" расторгло контракт с Даном Петреску (in Russian). FC Dynamo Moscow. 8 April 2014.
  15. "FC Dinamo Moskva referred to Adjudicatory Chamber for break-even requirement breach". UEFA. 24 April 2015.
  16. УЕФА отстранил "Динамо" от участия в ЛЕ-2015/16 за нарушение финансового fair play (in Russian). Rossiya Segodnya. 19 June 2015.
  17. Василий Титов: ФК "Динамо" будет соответствовать правилам финансового fair-play к апрелю (in Russian). Russian News Agency TASS. 22 December 2015.
  18. Евгений Муравьев: Не знал, насколько в «Динамо» все сложно (in Russian). Sovetsky Sport. 14 October 2016.
  19. ВТБ предоставляет обществу "Динамо" спонсорский вклад в 10,6 млрд руб (in Russian). RIA Novosti. 13 January 2017.
  20. Ротенберг заявил, что долг ФК "Динамо" перед ним "никому не мешает" (in Russian). Russian News Agency TASS. 1 February 2017.
  21. "Yevgeni Muravyov left Dynamo" (in Russian). FC Dynamo Moscow. 14 March 2018.
  22. "Источник: cтало известно, за сколько банк ВТБ приобрел акции "Динамо"" [Sources: The value of VTB-Dynamo deal announced]. Sport Express. 26 April 2019.
  23. "ВТБ завершил сделку по покупке ФК "Динамо", Белкин станет гендиректором клуба" (in Russian). Sport Express. 30 April 2019.
  24. "Сандро Шварц — новый главный тренер футбольного клуба «Динамо» Москва". FC Dynamo Moscow. 14 October 2020.
  25. "USSR (Soviet Union) - List of Champions". rsssf.com.
  26. "USSR (Soviet Union) - List of Cup Finals". rsssf.com.
  27. "Russia - Cup Finals". rsssf.com.
  28. UEFA Club Coefficients – UEFA.com
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