Çubuk-1 Dam

The Çubuk-1 Dam is a concrete gravity dam on the Çubuk Stream near Çubuk in Ankara Province, Turkey. It is located 12 km north of the center of Ankara and was built to control floods and provide drinking water to the city. Its construction lasted from 1930 to 1936; Mustafa Kemal Atatürk attended its inauguration on November 3, 1936.[1] It was the first concrete dam constructed in Turkey and the first constructed in Ankara, and is recognized by Turkey's Chamber of Civil Engineers as one of the country's top 50 engineering feats.[2][3][4][5] It is owned and maintained by the Turkish State Hydraulic Works and was constructed at a cost of 2.32 million TRY.

Çubuk-1 Dam
Location of Çubuk-1 Dam in Turkey
Location	Çubuk, Ankara Province, Turkey
Coordinates	40°00′12″N 32°55′49″E
Construction began	May 1930
Opening date	April 1936
Construction cost	£2.32 million TRY
Operator(s)	Turkish State Hydraulic Works
Dam and spillways
Type of dam	Concrete gravity
Impounds	Çubuk River
Height	25 m (82 ft)
Dam volume	120,000 m3 (4,200,000 cu ft)
Reservoir
Creates	Çubuk Reservoir
Total capacity	1,200 m3 (42,000 cu ft)
Surface area	1 km2 (0.39 sq mi)

The dam is 25 m (82 ft) tall, 900 m (3,000 ft) long and made of 120,000 m³ (4,200,000 cu ft) of concrete. The aggregate for the concrete was derived from volcanic rock in nearby areas.[6] It has a circular axis of 200 m (660 ft) and its arch-like design was used for stability. Hardly used, its reservoir has a normal volume of 1,200 m³ (42,000 cu ft) and surface area of 1 km² (0.39 sq mi). The dam's reservoir used to be a popular recreational area. Silt accumulation in the reservoir along with raw sewage being dumped upstream halted water supply from the dam in 1994. Since then, efforts have been ongoing to remove the polluted silt from the former reservoir bed. The area behind the dam will also be restored into a park once complete.[7] Before being mostly emptied, the reservoir's elevations above sea level were 906.25 m (2,973.3 ft) at full capacity, 900 m (3,000 ft) at two-thirds capacity and 895 m (2,936 ft) at half.[2]