1783 in science

Astronomy

The Meteor of August 18, 1783, as seen from the East Angle of the North Terrace, Windsor Castle, watercolour by Paul Sandby

Aviation

  • June 5 – The Montgolfier brothers send up at Annonay, near Lyon, a 900 m linen hot air balloon as a public demonstration. Its flight covers 2 km and lasts 10 minutes, to an estimated altitude of 1600–2000 metres.[5]
  • August 27 – Jacques Charles and the Robert brothers launch the first hydrogen balloon in Paris.
  • November 21 – The first free flight by humans in a balloon is made by Pilâtre de Rozier and Marquis d'Arlandes who fly aloft for 25 minutes about 100 metres above Paris for a distance of 9 km.[5]
  • December 26 – Louis-Sébastien Lenormand makes the first ever recorded public demonstration of a parachute descent by jumping from the tower of the Montpellier observatory in France using his rigid-framed model which he intends as a form of fire escape.

Botany

Chemistry

Earth sciences

History of science and technology

Physics

  • Jean-Paul Marat publishes Mémoire sur l'électricité médicale ("Memorandum on Medical Electricity").

Technology

Awards

Births

Deaths

References

  1. Beech, Martin (1989). "The Great Meteor of 18th August 1783". Journal of the British Astronomical Association. 99 (3): 130–33. Bibcode:1989JBAA...99..130B.
  2. Cavallo, Tiberius (1 January 1784). "Description of a Meteor, Observed Aug. 18, 1783". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. London. 74: 108–111. doi:10.1098/rstl.1784.0010. It is also the subject of study by Charles Blagden.
  3. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society (London).
  4. Ridpath, Ian. "Flamsteed numbers – where they really came from". Star Tales. Archived from the original on 2012-06-14. Retrieved 2012-02-17.
  5. Gillispie, Charles Coulston (1983). The Montgolfier Brothers and the Invention of Aviation, 1783-1784. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-08321-6.
  6. Emsley, John (2001). Nature's Building Blocks. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 183–191. ISBN 978-0-19-850341-5.
  7. Brayshay, M.; Grattan, J. (1999). "Environmental and social responses in Europe to the 1783 eruption of the Laki fissure volcano in Iceland: a consideration of contemporary documentary evidence". In Firth, C. R.; McGuire, W. J. (eds.). Volcanoes in the Quaternary. Special Publication, 161. London: Geological Society. pp. 173–187. ISBN 978-1-86239-049-2.
  8. Gale, W.K.V. (1981). Ironworking. Princes Risborough: Shire. pp. 17–19. ISBN 978-0-85263-546-9.
  9. Hunt, David (1992). A History of Preston. Preston: Carnegie. p. 145. ISBN 978-0-948789-67-0.
  10. Lemire, Beverley; Riello, Giorgio (2006). East and West: Textiles and Fashions in Eurasia in the Early Modern Period (PDF). Working Papers of the Global Economic History Network. London School of Economics. p. 29. Retrieved 2013-01-23.
  11. "Copley Medal | British scientific award". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
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