2019 Mozambican general election

General elections were held in Mozambique on 15 October 2019.[1][2][3] The elections were marked by assassinations and significant intimidation of prominent leaders of opposition parties and election observers.[4][5] Local elections observers, civil society organizations, the Commonwealth Observer Group, the European Union Election Observation Mission, and several national and international entities classified the elections as rigged.[6][7][8][9][10][11][12] State resources, media, and aid for cyclone victims were extensively used in favour of the ruling party (FRELIMO) and its candidates.[8][9] Nevertheless, the incumbent president Filipe Nyusi of FRELIMO was declared re-elected with 73% of the vote. The main opposition party RENAMO as well as the other oppositions parties involved in the elections contested the results, claiming there were numerous irregularities, and accusing FRELIMO of "massive electoral fraud", including hundreds of thousands of "ghost voters".[13] As evidence for the international community, Ossufo Momade, the president of the main opposition party RENAMO, transported to Europe a box filled with vote ballots that had been marked in favor of the incumbent president Filipe Nyusi of FRELIMO before the commencement of vote.[14][15][16] The international community ignored the extensive evidence of fraud, and gradually countries started recognizing the incumbent president Filipe Nyusi of FRELIMO as the winner of the elections[17]

2019 Mozambican general election

15 October 2019 (2019-10-15)
Turnout51.84% 2.81 pp
Presidential election
 
Nominee Filipe Nyusi Ossufo Momade
Party FRELIMO RENAMO
Popular vote 4,639,172 1,356,786
Percentage 73.46% 21.48%

Presidential election results by province
Parliamentary election

Party Leader % Seats ±
FRELIMO Filipe Nyusi 71.28 184 +40
RENAMO Ossufo Momade 22.28 60 -29
MDM Daviz Simango 4.19 6 -11
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
President before President after
Filipe Nyusi
FRELIMO
Filipe Nyusi
FRELIMO

Electoral system

The President of Mozambique was elected using the two-round system.[18] The 250 members of the Assembly of the Republic were elected by proportional representation in eleven multi-member constituencies based on the country's provinces and on a first-past-the-post basis from two single-member constituencies representing Mozambican citizens in Africa and Europe. Seats in the multi-member constituencies were allocated using the D'Hondt method.[19]

Candidates

On 16 January 2019, the main opposition party RENAMO held a congress at which Ossufo Momade was elected as the party's new leader and presidential candidate.[20] Momade had been the party's interim president following the death of Afonso Dhlakama in May 2018 and was seen as a "unifying leader" that could bring the political and military sector of RENAMO closer.[21]

The ruling FRELIMO held its congress on 6 May, at which it confirmed its decision to support the re-election of President Filipe Nyussi for a second and final term.

On 9 May and following a three-day congress, the Democratic Movement of Mozambique confirmed that its presidential candidate would be Daviz Simango, mayor of Beira since 2003. Simango was a presidential candidate in the two previous general elections.[22]

On 31 July the Constitutional Council approved four candidates; Nyussi, Momade, Simango and Mário Albino. Two candidates were disqualified; Hélder Mendoça and Alice Mabota. Mabota would have been the first woman to run for president, but failed to collect enough signatures.[23]

FRELIMO nominated Mércia Viriato Licá as one of their candidates. She was elected and became the youngest MP in the country's history.[24]

Results

President

CandidatePartyVotes%
Filipe NyusiFRELIMO4,639,17273.46
Ossufo MomadeRENAMO1,356,78621.48
Daviz SimangoMDM273,5994.33
Mário AlbinoAMUSI46,0480.73
Total6,315,605100.00
Valid votes6,315,60592.55
Invalid/blank votes508,3217.45
Total votes6,823,926100.00
Registered voters/turnout13,162,32151.84
Source: EISA

Assembly

PartyVotes%Seats+/–
FRELIMO4,323,29871.28184+40
RENAMO1,351,65922.2860–29
Democratic Movement of Mozambique254,2904.196–11
Action Party of the United Movement for Integral Salvation27,2770.450New
New Democracy25,0460.410New
Union for Change8,3470.1400
Optimistic People for the Development of Mozambique6,7680.110New
National Reconciliation Party6,4690.1100
Patriotic Movement for Democracy5,8830.1000
Union for Reconciliation Party5,3990.0900
Greens Party of Mozambique5,3610.0900
Labour Party5,1730.0900
National Party of the Mozambican People/CRD4,1430.070New
Youth Movement for the Restoration of Democracy4,0540.0700
National Movement for the Recovery of Mozambican Unity3,8200.0600
Electoral Union3,7690.0600
Mozambique People's Progress Party3,4310.0600
Social Renewal Party3,3650.0600
Ecological Party of Mozambique3,3130.050New
Party of Freedom and Development2,8680.0500
Democratic Unity2,7200.040New
Ecological Party–Land Movement2,5790.0400
Democratic Justice Party of Mozambique2,0360.030New
Social Broadening Party of Mozambique2,0060.0300
National Workers and Peasants Party1,7830.0300
Democratic Union of Mozambique6640.010New
Total6,065,521100.002500
Valid votes6,065,52189.64
Invalid/blank votes700,89510.36
Total votes6,766,416100.00
Registered voters/turnout13,162,32151.41
Source: STAE

Provincial elections

Province Seats
FRELIMO RENAMO MDM
Cabo Delgado Province66160
Gaza Province8110
Inhambane Province5460
Manica Province63170
Maputo Province61182
Nampula Province63310
Niassa Province46140
Sofala Province60138
Tete Province65170
Zambezia Province69230
Total62815610
Source: STAE

References

  1. "Africa Top10 News". 2019-10-15.
  2. "UPDATE 5-Mozambique president urges peace, opposition warns against fraud as votes counted".
  3. Mozambique sets October 2019 for general elections News24, 11 April 2018
  4. "Mozambique election observer killed by 'elite police' in drive-by shooting". BBC News. 2019-10-10. Retrieved 2020-08-28.
  5. SAPO. "Eleições moçambicanas marcadas por "irregularidades" de fraude e intimidação, dizem EUA". SAPO Notícias (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2020-08-28.
  6. Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche. "ONG moçambicana acusa órgão eleitoral de manipulação do recenseamento | DW | 03.06.2019". DW.COM. Retrieved 2020-08-28.
  7. Hanlon, cls-1{fill:#fffffc;} cls-2{fill:#11161a;}profile-placeholderBy: Joseph; Eliseeva, Illustrator: Anastasya; Analysis (2020-08-24). "Isis is not driving the Cabo Delgado war". New Frame. Retrieved 2020-08-28.
  8. Commonwealth Observer Group (2020). Mozambique presidential, National & Provincial Assembly Elections 15 October 2019. https://thecommonwealth.org/sites/default/files/inline/Mozambique%202019%20COG%20Report_0.pdf: The Commonwealth.CS1 maint: location (link)
  9. European Union Election Observation Mission Mozambique 2009 Final Report (2020). General and Provincial Elections 15 October 2019. http://www.epgencms.europarl.europa.eu/cmsdata/upload/83ba3820-1453-469d-9597-466e4fcc0a19/Mozambique_general&provincial-elections__15-October-2019_EOM_final_report(EN).pdf: European Union.CS1 maint: location (link)
  10. "Governo de Moçambique não soube reagir ao alerta de desastre do Ciclone Idai". Brasil de Fato (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2020-08-28.
  11. "Moçambique: Após pleito marcado por denúncias de fraude, apuração pode durar 15 dias". RFI (in Portuguese). 2019-10-16. Retrieved 2020-08-28.
  12. SAPO. "Eleições moçambicanas marcadas por "irregularidades" de fraude e intimidação, dizem EUA". SAPO Notícias (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2020-08-28.
  13. "Mozambique opposition files suit against "massive electoral fraud"". france24.com. AFP. 30 October 2019. Retrieved 12 November 2019.
  14. Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche. "Na Europa, Ossufo Momade busca apoio para contestar resultados das eleições moçambicanas | DW | 07.12.2019". DW.COM. Retrieved 2020-08-28.
  15. "Gerais: Momade mostra evidências de fraude e avisa "é isto que provocou as hostilidades militares" – zambeze" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2020-08-28.
  16. Redacção. "Ossufo pede "socorro" na Europa". Carta de Moçambique (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2020-08-28.
  17. "França reconhece vitória de Nyusi apesar das "irregularidades e más práticas" detectadas pelos observadores europeus – Verdade". Retrieved 2020-08-28.
  18. Republic of Mozambique: Election for President (President) IFES
  19. Electoral system IPU
  20. Ossufo Momade eleito presidente no final congresso da RENAMO Deutsche Welle, 17 January 2019
  21. RENAMO depois de Dhlakama: Coesão ou cisões? Deutsche Welle, 14 May 2018
  22. Terceiro maior partido moçambicano confirma Daviz Simango como candidato presidencial Observador, 9 May 2019
  23. Dércio Tsandzana (13 August 2019). "Who are the presidential candidates in Mozambique's October elections?". Global Voices. Retrieved 7 October 2019.
  24. "Newly elected Mozambican MP who lacks upper limbs plans to focus on education". globalvoices.org. 3 February 2020. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
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