440C

440C (UNS designation S44004) is a martensitic 400 series stainless steel,[1] and is the highest carbon content from 400 stainless steel series. It is usually heat treated to reach hardness of 58–60 HRC. It is a bearing steel, and used in rolling contact stainless bearings, e.g. ball bearings and roller bearings. It is also used to make knife blades. 440C can be oil quenched to achieve maximum hardness.

440C has the highest strength, hardness, and wear resistance of all the commonplace 440-series stainless alloys with high carbon content and moderate corrosion resistance.[2]

Composition
Chemical Composition (wt%)[1][3]
C Cr Mn Si Mo P S Fe
0.95-1.20 16.0-18.0 1.00 1.00 0.75 0.040 0.030 Balance

Mechanical properties
Typical Mechanical Properties as a Bar [4]
Heat Treatment Young's Modulus (GPa) 0.2% Offset Yield Strength (MPa) Tensile Strength (MPa) Elongation (%) Rockwell Hardness CTE (0-100 )

()

 Thermal Conductivity (at 100 ) (W/m*K)
Annealed 200 425 760 14 97 HRB 10.2 24.2
Tempered at 315 200 1900 1970 2 57 HRC 10.2 24.2

References
  1. Cramer, Stephen D.; Covino, Bernard S. (2005). ASM handbook, Volume 13B- Corrosion: Materials. Materials Park, OH: ASM International. p. 56. ISBN 978-1-62708-011-8. OCLC 712545628.
  2. "440C Stainless Steel Products and Specifications - Penn Stainless Products | Penn Stainless Products". www.pennstainless.com.
  3. "AISI 440C Knife Steel Composition Analysis Graph and Information Details". Retrieved 5 August 2013.
  4. ASM International Handbook Committee. (1990). ASM Handbook, Volume 01 - Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys. ASM International. ISBN 978-1-61503-160-3. OCLC 1117847668.
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