ACTL6A

Actin-like protein 6A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACTL6A gene.[5][6][7]

ACTL6A
Identifiers
AliasesACTL6A, ACTL6, ARPN-BETA, Arp4, BAF53A, INO80K, actin like 6A
External IDsOMIM: 604958 MGI: 1861453 HomoloGene: 55811 GeneCards: ACTL6A
Gene location (Human)
Chr.Chromosome 3 (human)[1]
Band3q26.33Start179,562,886 bp[1]
End179,588,407 bp[1]
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

86

56456

Ensembl

ENSG00000136518

ENSMUSG00000027671

UniProt

O96019

Q9Z2N8

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_178042
NM_004301
NM_177989

NM_019673

RefSeq (protein)

NP_004292
NP_817126
NP_829888

NP_062647

Location (UCSC)Chr 3: 179.56 – 179.59 MbChr 3: 32.71 – 32.73 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Function

This gene encodes a family member of actin-related proteins (ARPs), which share significant amino acid sequence identity to conventional actins. Both actins and ARPs have an actin fold, which is an ATP-binding cleft, as a common feature. The ARPs are involved in diverse cellular processes, including vesicular transport, spindle orientation, nuclear migration and chromatin remodeling. This gene encodes a 53 kDa subunit protein of the BAF (BRG1/brm-associated factor) complex in mammals, which is functionally related to SWI/SNF complex in S. cerevisiae and Drosophila; the latter is thought to facilitate transcriptional activation of specific genes by antagonizing chromatin-mediated transcriptional repression. Together with beta-actin, it is required for maximal ATPase activity of BRG1, and for the association of the BAF complex with chromatin/matrix. Three transcript variants that encode two different protein isoforms have been described.[7]

Clinical significance

ACTL6A is amplified in head and squamous cancers and confers poor prognosis in patients.[8] In hepatocellular carcinomas, it promotes metastasis.[9]

Interactions

ACTL6A has been shown to interact with SMARCA2,[10][11][12] Myc,[11] Transformation/transcription domain-associated protein,[11] RuvB-like 1[11] and SMARCA4.[5][10]

References

  1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000136518 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000027671 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. Zhao K, Wang W, Rando OJ, Xue Y, Swiderek K, Kuo A, Crabtree GR (December 1998). "Rapid and phosphoinositol-dependent binding of the SWI/SNF-like BAF complex to chromatin after T lymphocyte receptor signaling". Cell. 95 (5): 625–36. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81633-5. PMID 9845365. S2CID 3184211.
  6. Harata M, Mochizuki R, Mizuno S (July 1999). "Two isoforms of a human actin-related protein show nuclear localization and mutually selective expression between brain and other tissues". Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 63 (5): 917–23. doi:10.1271/bbb.63.917. PMID 10380635.
  7. "Entrez Gene: ACTL6A actin-like 6A".
  8. Saladi SV, Ross K, Karaayvaz M, Tata PR, Mou H, Rajagopal J, Ramaswamy S, Ellisen LW (2017). "ACTL6A Is Co-Amplified with p63 in Squamous Cell Carcinoma to Drive YAP Activation, Regenerative Proliferation, and Poor Prognosis". Cancer Cell. 31 (1): 35–49. doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2016.12.001. PMC 5225026. PMID 28041841.
  9. Xiao S, Chang RM, Yang MY, Lei X, Liu X, Gao WB, Xiao JL, Yang LY (2016). "Actin-like 6A predicts poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and promotes metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition". Hepatology. 63 (4): 1256–71. doi:10.1002/hep.28417. PMC 4834727. PMID 26698646.
  10. Wang W, Côté J, Xue Y, Zhou S, Khavari PA, Biggar SR, Muchardt C, Kalpana GV, Goff SP, Yaniv M, Workman JL, Crabtree GR (October 1996). "Purification and biochemical heterogeneity of the mammalian SWI-SNF complex". EMBO J. 15 (19): 5370–82. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1996.tb00921.x. PMC 452280. PMID 8895581.
  11. Park J, Wood MA, Cole MD (March 2002). "BAF53 forms distinct nuclear complexes and functions as a critical c-Myc-interacting nuclear cofactor for oncogenic transformation". Mol. Cell. Biol. 22 (5): 1307–16. doi:10.1128/MCB.22.5.1307-1316.2002. PMC 134713. PMID 11839798.
  12. Kuroda Y, Oma Y, Nishimori K, Ohta T, Harata M (November 2002). "Brain-specific expression of the nuclear actin-related protein ArpNalpha and its involvement in mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 299 (2): 328–34. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(02)02637-2. PMID 12437990.

Further reading

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