African Renaissance Monument

The African Renaissance Monument (French: Le Monument de la Renaissance Africaine) is a 52 m (171 ft) tall copper statue located on top of one of the twin hills known as Collines des Mamelles, outside Dakar, Senegal. Built overlooking the Atlantic Ocean in the Ouakam suburb, the statue was designed by the Senegalese architect Pierre Goudiaby after an idea presented by president Abdoulaye Wade and built by Mansudae Overseas Projects, a company from North Korea.[1]

African Renaissance Monument
Le Monument de la Renaissance Africaine
Coordinates14°43′20″N 17°29′42″W
LocationOuakam suburb, Dakar, Senegal
DesignerPierre Goudiaby
Typestatue
Materialcopper
Height52m
Beginning date2008
Completion date2010
Opening dateApril 3, 2010

Site preparation on top of the 100-meter high hill began in 2006, and construction of the bronze statue began 2008.[2] Originally scheduled for completion in December 2009, delays stretched into early 2010, and the formal dedication occurred on 4 April 2010, Senegal's "National Day", commemorating the 50th anniversary of the country's independence from France.[3] It is the tallest statue in Africa.

Construction
The monument while being constructed

The project was launched by then Senegalese president Abdoulaye Wade who considered it part of Senegal's prestige projects, aimed at providing monuments to herald a new era of African Renaissance. It is a question of showing through a family drawn up towards the sky, the man carrying his child on his biceps and holding his wife by the waist, "an Africa emerging from the bowels of the earth, leaving obscurantism to go towards the light". The monument indeed represents an African family resolutely turned towards the North-West. The project of the monument was entrusted to the Senegalese architect Pierre Goudiaby Atepa, author "in particular" of the Door of the Third Millennium which overhangs the road of the Corniche. The work was "drawn" by President Wade who owns 35% of the copyright, but the work was initiated by the famous Senegalese artist Ousmane Sow who has since withdrawn from the project following a disagreement with Abdoulaye Wade.

Unveiling

On 3 April 2010, the African Renaissance Monument was unveiled in Dakar in front of 19 African heads of state, including President of Malawi and the African Union, Bingu wa Mutharika, Jean Ping of the African Union Commission and the Presidents of Benin, Cape Verde, Republic of Congo, Ivory Coast, The Gambia, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania and Zimbabwe, as well as representatives from North Korea, and Jesse Jackson and musician Akon, both from the United States, all of whom were given a tour.[3][4]

President Wade said, "It brings to life our common destiny. Africa has arrived in the 21st century standing tall and more ready than ever to take its destiny into its hands."[5] President Bingu said, "This monument does not belong to Senegal. It belongs to the African people wherever we are."[6]

Controversies

Expense

Thousands of people protested against "all the failures of President Wade's regime, the least of which is this horrible statue" on the city's streets beforehand, with riot police deployed to maintain control.[3] Deputy leader of the opposition Ndeye Fatou Toure described the monument as an "economic monster and a financial scandal in the context of the current [economic] crisis".

The colossal statue has been criticized for its cost at US$ 27 million (£16.6m).[1] The payment was made in kind, with 30 to 40 hectares of land that will be sponsored by a Senegalese businessman.[7]

Style

Senegalese opposition leaders also questioned the style of the project, while art critics argued that the body shapes are cartoon-like, with only vaguely African facial features.[1] It was also suggested that the monument is a stark representation of the macho sexism of African authoritarian rulers.[8] The statue's design was derided internationally because of false claims of its Senegalese origin, actually having been designed by a Romanian architect and built by a North Korean sculpting company famous for various projects and large statues throughout Africa since the 1970s.[9]

It was a poorly received piece by art critics around the world after its much-delayed unveiling in 2010 and was compared by some to (and once-abandoned) Christopher Columbus statue project that was unveiled in Arecibo, Puerto Rico in 2016.[10] Local imams argued that a statue depicting a human figure is idolatrous and objected to the perceived immodesty of the semi-nude male and female figures.[11]

In December 2009, President Abdoulaye Wade apologised to Senegal's Christian minority for comparing the statue to Jesus Christ.[1]

Revenue

The project has also attracted controversy due to Wade's claim to the intellectual property rights of the statue, and insisting that he is entitled to 35 percent of the profits raised.[11] Opposition figures have sharply criticised Wade's plan to claim intellectual property rights, insisting that the president cannot claim copyright over ideas conceived as a function of his public office.[12][1]

Local artists

Ousmane Sow, a world-renowned Senegalese sculptor, also objected to the use of foreign builders, saying it was anything but a symbol of African Renaissance and nothing to do with art.[13]

  • Monument as seen from afar

See also

References
  1. "Senegal President Wade apologises for Christ comments". London: BBC News. 31 December 2009. Archived from the original on 8 October 2014. Retrieved 12 July 2014.
  2. "Senegal plans 'African Renaissance' monument". polity.org.za. 4 April 2008. Archived from the original on 24 December 2013. Retrieved 12 July 2014.
  3. "Senegal inaugurates controversial $27m monument". BBC News. 3 April 2010. Archived from the original on 7 April 2010. Retrieved 7 April 2010.
  4. "Senegal unveils statue amid protest". Al Jazeera. 3 April 2010. Archived from the original on 6 April 2010. Retrieved 7 April 2010.
  5. Walker, Peter (4 April 2010). "Senegalese president unveils £17m African Resistance statue". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 7 April 2010. Retrieved 7 April 2010.
  6. "Senegal unveils colossal statue amid criticism". CNN. 3 April 2010. Archived from the original on 7 April 2010. Retrieved 7 April 2010.
  7. Confidences de Serigne Mamadou Bousso Lèye, ministre sénégalais de la Culture et de la Francophonie », Jeune Afrique, no 2551, du 29 novembre au 5 décembre 2009, p. 41.
  8. Look, Anne (21 January 2010). "Senegal's colossal statue stirs big controversy". GlobalPost. Retrieved 12 July 2014.
  9. O’Toole, Sean (May 2012). "Made in Pyongyang". Frieze Magazine. Retrieved 12 July 2014.
  10. Knutsen, Elise (8 November 2012). "Gender Studies in Dakar: The African Renaissance Monument". Forbes. Retrieved 12 July 2014.
  11. Leighton, Caspar (11 December 2009). "Senegal imams use prayers to condemn giant statue". London: BBC News. Retrieved 12 July 2014.
  12. Sy, Tidiane (16 November 2009). "Senegal colossus proves sore point". London: BBC News. Retrieved 12 July 2014.
  13. Soares, Claire (9 January 2010). "A monumental folly in Senegal". The Independent. London: INM. ISSN 0951-9467. OCLC 185201487. Retrieved 12 July 2014.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.