Aino Bach

Aino Bach (1 December 1901 – 6 August 1980) was an Estonian artist known for her engravings and her portrayals of Soviet-era femininity.[1][2]

Aino Bach
Born(1901-12-01)1 December 1901
Koeru, Estonia
Died6 August 1980(1980-08-06) (aged 78)
Tallinn, Estonia
NationalityEstonian
Other namesAino Bach-Liimand
OccupationGraphic artist
AwardsPeople’s Artist of the Estonian SSR

Biography

Aino Bach was born in Koeru, Estonia in 1901.[1] As a child, she lived in Narva, and attended secondary school in Siberia. She studied painting and engraving at the Pallas Art School in Tartu under the supervision of Nikolai Triik and Ado Vabbe. In 1937, Bach married the painter Kaarel Liimand.[3] She worked as a lecturer at her former art school (now renamed after Konrad Mägi) in 1940-1941.[4]

In 1941, during the German occupation of Estonia, Bach was sent to live in Yaroslav in the Soviet Union. There, she was an active member in the Union of Estonian Artists (ENSV Kunstnike Liidu), founded in 1943.[5] She was a mentor to fellow Estonian artist Evald Okas. Bach was awarded the State Prize of the Estonian SSR in 1947.[6]

After the war, Bach settled in Tallinn.[1] She was awarded People’s Artist of the Estonian SSR in 1961.[6] Bach died in Tallinn on August 6, 1980.[3]

Artistry

Many of Bach's works portray women, representing many different settings and professions. Her style has been described as including both poetic realism and Socialist Realism.[1] Many of her pieces were created using intaglio engraving techniques.[7] While some of Bach's art has been characterized as a product of Soviet propaganda, art critic Eha Komissarov has argued that Bach, a genuine political leftist, used Soviet iconography as a means to portray women's participation in public life.[5] Later in her career, Bach painted portraits of public figures including Debora Vaarandi.[8]

Further reading
  • Bernstein Boris, Aino Bach, Tallinn: Eesti NSV Kunst, 1961.

References
  1. Chalvin, Antoine. "Aino Bach". AWARE Women artists / Femmes artistes. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
  2. "The Soviet Woman in Estonian Art — Kumu Art Museum". KUMU Art Museum of Estonia. 2010. Archived from the original on 23 April 2019. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
  3. "Aino Bachi sünnist möödub 115 aastat" (300). Koeru Kaja. December 1, 2016. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
  4. "Mustlaste muinasjutud, Aino Bach E-kunstisalongis". E-Kunstisalong. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
  5. Kivimaa, Katrin (2010). "WORKERS, COLLECTIVE FARMERS AND WOMEN IN NATIONAL COSTUMES: REPRESENTING SOVIET FEMININITY IN ESTONIAN ART FROM THE 1940s AND 1950s". Acta Academiae Artium Vilnensis. 58: 56–60. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
  6. "Bach-Liimand, Aino Gustav". The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition (1970-1979). The Gale Group, Inc. 2010. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
  7. "Reclining Female Nude by Aino Bach, Estonian on Josef Lebovic Gallery". Josef Lebovic Gallery. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
  8. "Aino Bach Portrait of Debora Vaarandi". EKM Digitaalkogu. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
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