Anacor

Anacor Pharmaceuticals is a biopharmaceutical company focused on discovering, developing and commercializing novel small-molecule therapeutics derived from its boron chemistry platform. It is based in Palo Alto, California, United States. Anacor was founded in 2002 based on technology created by Lucy Shapiro at Stanford University and Stephen Benkovic at Pennsylvania State University. Cofounder David Perry served as CEO and President from 2002 to 2014,[1] and took the company public in 2010.[2] Since then, the company has generated a pipeline of both topical and systemic boron-based compounds of which five are currently in clinical development.[3]

Anacor Pharmaceuticals Inc.
TypePublic
NASDAQ: ANAC
IndustryPharmaceutical
FateAcquired by Pfizer
Founded2002 (2002)
Defunct2016 (2016)
Key people
Paul L. Berns (CEO)
Websiteanacor.com

In May 2016, Pfizer announced it would acquire Anacor Pharmaceuticals for $5.2 billion, expanding the company's portfolio in both inflammation and immunology drugs areas.[4]

Boron chemistry

Boron is a naturally occurring element in the environment, but relative to carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen, little research has been done on the role of boron in therapeutics because of the limited understanding of the physical properties necessary to provide boron-based compounds with the attributes required of pharmaceutical therapies as well as difficulty in chemical synthesis. However, boron has two qualities that give it advantages in the small-molecule drug discovery process. First, boron has a unique geometry that allows compounds made from it to have two distinct shapes, giving boron-based drugs the ability to interact with biological targets in novel ways and to address targets not amenable to intervention by traditional carbon-based compounds. And second, boron's enhanced reactivity as compared to carbon allows the molecules to hit targets that are difficult to inhibit with carbon chemistry.[5]

Lead product candidates

Tavaborole

Tavaborole is a topical antifungal drug for the treatment of onychomycosis, a fungal infection of the nail and nail bed. Anacor began its Phase 3 trials in December 2010.[6] Tavaborole inhibits an essential fungal enzyme, leucyl-transfer RNA synthetase, or LeuRS, required for protein synthesis. The inhibition of protein synthesis leads to termination of cell growth and cell death, eliminating the fungal infection. No treatment-related systemic side effects have been observed in any of its clinical trials. It gained FDA approval in July 2014.[7]

AN2728

Crisaborole Topical Ointment 2% is a topical anti-inflammatory product for the treatment of psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Crisaborole Topical Ointment 2% inhibits PDE4 and reduces the production of TNF-alpha, a precursor of the inflammation associated with psoriasis as well as other cytokines, including IL-12 and IL-23, which are proteins believed to be involved in the inflammation process and immune responses. Crisaborole Topical Ointment 2% was tested for psoriasis and for atopic dermatitis.[8] It was approved by the FDA in 2016.[9]

References
  1. "Anacor Pharmaceuticals loses its CEO months before FDA drug decision - San Francisco Business Times". San Francisco Business Times. Retrieved 2016-08-03.
  2. "Anacor Pharmaceuticals plans IPO". Retrieved 2016-08-03.
  3. Anacor Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Prospectus filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission 2010 (www.sec.gov) 11/24/2009
  4. "Pfizer to Acquire Anacor Pharmaceuticals for $5.2B". 16 May 2016.
  5. Baker, Stephen J.; Tomsho, John W.; Benkovic, Stephen J. (August 2011). "Boron-containing inhibitors of synthetases". Chemical Society Reviews. 40 (8): 4279–4285. doi:10.1039/c0cs00131g. ISSN 1460-4744. PMID 21298158.
  6. Clinical trial number NCT01270971 for "Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of AN2690 Topical Solution to Treat Onychomycosis of the Toenail" at ClinicalTrials.gov
  7. Thompson, Cheryl (8 July 2014). "FDA Approves Boron-based Drug to Treat Toenail Fungal Infections". ashp. Retrieved 7 October 2015.
  8. Clinical trial number NCT01300052 for "AN2728 Topical Ointment to Treat Mild-to-Moderate Plaque-Type Psoriasis" at ClinicalTrials.gov
  9. "FDA approves Eucrisa for eczema" (Press release). U.S. Food and Drug Administration. December 14, 2016.
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